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六、信息还原。(2025·江苏徐州鼓楼区东苑中学期中改编)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It's cold in winter in Heilongjiang Province. But for Cui Bo, the season doesn't have much difference from summer at home. She walks around, wearing a T-shirt. However, the picture was totally different when Cui was young. Cui says, "In 1985, when I was eight, winter was long and bitter(严寒的). My parents and I all wore thick clothes at home."
Cui says, " 1 " Her feeling is shared by millions of people in China.
Sixty-year-old Wang Hanming remembers in 1985 when he got married, all they had was a 30-square-metre house. However, their living conditions have improved step by step. 2
Bai Yang, 33, says that when she was a child, the most valuable(值钱的)item at home was a 24-inch colour TV. 3 Now, she can easily buy a 60-inch TV, spending much less than her monthly salary(工资).
For 57-year-old Li Fu, he has witnessed(见证)the change in transport in the past 40 years. "When I was young, the streets were full of bikes. I seldom saw a car," Li says. Li now has his own car. 4 For him, life has become much more convenient with a car.
In the 1970s and 1980s, Sanmao, a writer, told her colourful travel stories in her books. Her trips to Europe and Africa let people know what the outside world was like. 5 Now Chinese people have plenty of ways to see the world.
The past years have meant a lot to China and the Chinese people. In return, every Chinese person has played their part.
A. Today there are lots of shared bikes.
B. It cost more than her father's yearly salary.
C. He drives to work, to visit friends and to travel around the country.
D. Life has become so much better over the past few decades(十年).
E. At that time, travelling abroad sounded as impossible as travelling to Mars(火星)for most people.
F. After moving six times, they now live in a house of over 200 square metres.
G. He used to go to work by bike but now he drives a car every day.
1.
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It's cold in winter in Heilongjiang Province. But for Cui Bo, the season doesn't have much difference from summer at home. She walks around, wearing a T-shirt. However, the picture was totally different when Cui was young. Cui says, "In 1985, when I was eight, winter was long and bitter(严寒的). My parents and I all wore thick clothes at home."
Cui says, " 1 " Her feeling is shared by millions of people in China.
Sixty-year-old Wang Hanming remembers in 1985 when he got married, all they had was a 30-square-metre house. However, their living conditions have improved step by step. 2
Bai Yang, 33, says that when she was a child, the most valuable(值钱的)item at home was a 24-inch colour TV. 3 Now, she can easily buy a 60-inch TV, spending much less than her monthly salary(工资).
For 57-year-old Li Fu, he has witnessed(见证)the change in transport in the past 40 years. "When I was young, the streets were full of bikes. I seldom saw a car," Li says. Li now has his own car. 4 For him, life has become much more convenient with a car.
In the 1970s and 1980s, Sanmao, a writer, told her colourful travel stories in her books. Her trips to Europe and Africa let people know what the outside world was like. 5 Now Chinese people have plenty of ways to see the world.
The past years have meant a lot to China and the Chinese people. In return, every Chinese person has played their part.
A. Today there are lots of shared bikes.
B. It cost more than her father's yearly salary.
C. He drives to work, to visit friends and to travel around the country.
D. Life has become so much better over the past few decades(十年).
E. At that time, travelling abroad sounded as impossible as travelling to Mars(火星)for most people.
F. After moving six times, they now live in a house of over 200 square metres.
G. He used to go to work by bike but now he drives a car every day.
1.
D
2. F
3. B
4. C
5. E
答案
六、1. D 2. F 3. B 4. C 5. E
解析
【分析】
这是一篇主题为中国民生数十年变迁的信息还原阅读题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，明确文章核心主线是通过不同年龄普通人的亲身经历，从居住条件、家电消费、交通出行、跨国旅行四个维度展现过去几十年生活的巨大进步，同时梳理出7个选项的各自表意，标记出两个多余干扰项。
2. 逐空结合上下文的逻辑线索匹配选项：
① 第1空：前文是崔波对比童年和当下冬季居家的巨大差异，后文说明她的感受是全体中国人的共同体验，此处需要总括性的主旨句承接前后，直接对应概括生活变好的选项。
② 第2空：前文提到王汉明1985年结婚时只有30平米的小房子，居住条件逐步改善，此处需要承接居住条件变化的具体内容，匹配和住房面积相关的选项。
③ 第3空：前文提到白杨小时候家里最值钱的物品是24寸彩电，后文对比现在买大电视花费远低于月工资，此处需要补充过去那台彩电的高昂价格，形成新旧消费的强烈对比。
④ 第4空：前文提到李福现在拥有私家车，后文点明有车后生活便利很多，此处需要补充他日常用车的具体场景，顺承后文“便利”的描述。
⑤ 第5空：前文提到七八十年代三毛的海外游记让国人初识外部世界，后文说现在国人有很多途径环游世界，此处需要补充过去出国旅行的难度，和当下的便利形成鲜明对比。
3. 最后验证剩余的两个干扰项，确认它们无法填入任意空白处，逻辑完全不匹配，最终锁定答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文通过崔波的亲身经历展现今昔生活的巨大差异，后文说明这是全体中国人的共同感受，D选项“在过去的几十年里，生活已经变得好多了”是对前文感受的精准概括，起到承上启下的作用，故选D。
2. 第2空：前文提到王汉明早年只有30平米的住房，居住条件逐步提升，F选项“搬了六次家之后，他们现在住在一套200多平的房子里”是居住条件改善的具体体现，和前文内容完全对应，故选F。
3. 第3空：前文提到白杨小时候家里最值钱的是24寸彩电，后文对比现在买大电视成本很低，B选项“它的价格比她父亲的年薪还要高”，这里的it指代早年的24寸彩电，完美形成今昔家电消费的强烈反差，故选B。
4. 第4空：前文提到李福现在有了自己的私家车，后文点明有车让生活更便利，C选项“他开车上班、拜访朋友、在全国旅行”具体列举了用车的各类场景，直接支撑后文“生活更便利”的结论，故选C。
5. 第5空：前文提到早年三毛的海外游记是国人了解外界的窗口，后文说现在国人有很多方式看世界，E选项“在那时，对大多数人来说出国旅行听起来和去火星一样不可能”，精准描述了过去跨国旅行的极高门槛，和当下的便利形成鲜明对比，逻辑通顺，故选E。
【答案】
1. D 2. F 3. B 4. C 5. E
【知识点】
信息还原阅读，语篇逻辑衔接，细节匹配
【点评】
本题选取贴近现实的民生变迁主题，线索清晰，每一处空的前后都有明确的对比提示信息，重点考察学生梳理语篇逻辑、抓住段落核心主题匹配对应语句的能力，干扰项和正确选项的区分度较高，适合初中阶段学生练习信息还原题型的解题思路。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇主题为中国民生数十年变迁的信息还原阅读题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，明确文章核心主线是通过不同年龄普通人的亲身经历，从居住条件、家电消费、交通出行、跨国旅行四个维度展现过去几十年生活的巨大进步，同时梳理出7个选项的各自表意，标记出两个多余干扰项。
2. 逐空结合上下文的逻辑线索匹配选项：
① 第1空：前文是崔波对比童年和当下冬季居家的巨大差异，后文说明她的感受是全体中国人的共同体验，此处需要总括性的主旨句承接前后，直接对应概括生活变好的选项。
② 第2空：前文提到王汉明1985年结婚时只有30平米的小房子，居住条件逐步改善，此处需要承接居住条件变化的具体内容，匹配和住房面积相关的选项。
③ 第3空：前文提到白杨小时候家里最值钱的物品是24寸彩电，后文对比现在买大电视花费远低于月工资，此处需要补充过去那台彩电的高昂价格，形成新旧消费的强烈对比。
④ 第4空：前文提到李福现在拥有私家车，后文点明有车后生活便利很多，此处需要补充他日常用车的具体场景，顺承后文“便利”的描述。
⑤ 第5空：前文提到七八十年代三毛的海外游记让国人初识外部世界，后文说现在国人有很多途径环游世界，此处需要补充过去出国旅行的难度，和当下的便利形成鲜明对比。
3. 最后验证剩余的两个干扰项，确认它们无法填入任意空白处，逻辑完全不匹配，最终锁定答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文通过崔波的亲身经历展现今昔生活的巨大差异，后文说明这是全体中国人的共同感受，D选项“在过去的几十年里，生活已经变得好多了”是对前文感受的精准概括，起到承上启下的作用，故选D。
2. 第2空：前文提到王汉明早年只有30平米的住房，居住条件逐步提升，F选项“搬了六次家之后，他们现在住在一套200多平的房子里”是居住条件改善的具体体现，和前文内容完全对应，故选F。
3. 第3空：前文提到白杨小时候家里最值钱的是24寸彩电，后文对比现在买大电视成本很低，B选项“它的价格比她父亲的年薪还要高”，这里的it指代早年的24寸彩电，完美形成今昔家电消费的强烈反差，故选B。
4. 第4空：前文提到李福现在有了自己的私家车，后文点明有车让生活更便利，C选项“他开车上班、拜访朋友、在全国旅行”具体列举了用车的各类场景，直接支撑后文“生活更便利”的结论，故选C。
5. 第5空：前文提到早年三毛的海外游记是国人了解外界的窗口，后文说现在国人有很多方式看世界，E选项“在那时，对大多数人来说出国旅行听起来和去火星一样不可能”，精准描述了过去跨国旅行的极高门槛，和当下的便利形成鲜明对比，逻辑通顺，故选E。
【答案】
1. D 2. F 3. B 4. C 5. E
【知识点】
信息还原阅读，语篇逻辑衔接，细节匹配
【点评】
本题选取贴近现实的民生变迁主题，线索清晰，每一处空的前后都有明确的对比提示信息，重点考察学生梳理语篇逻辑、抓住段落核心主题匹配对应语句的能力，干扰项和正确选项的区分度较高，适合初中阶段学生练习信息还原题型的解题思路。
【难度系数】
0.7
