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Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can be used only once.
A. prepare for B. greatly C. Thanks to D. Instead of E. successful
Zhou Yichen is a primary school student from Jiangsu. His father is an outdoor lover and his favourite sport is climbing mountains. 1 his father, Yichen also shows a great interest in mountain climbing.
Together, the two climbed to the top of 5,205-metre Siguniang Mountain in Sichuan twice, when Yichen was 9 and 10 years old.
Two months later, 11-year-old Yichen and his father planned to climb Mount Elbrus in Russia, the highest mountain in Europe. To 2 the coming trip, Yichen practised running for 5 km twice a week and swimming every day. On July 16, they began to climb Mount Elbrus. Finally, both of them were 3 in reaching the mountain top in 5 hours.
Yichen’s father said, “Mountain climbing has changed Yichen 4. In the past, Yichen would play games on his phone. But now he has started learning English on his phone. He believed it would be useful for him to travel in other countries in the future.”
1.
A. prepare for B. greatly C. Thanks to D. Instead of E. successful
Zhou Yichen is a primary school student from Jiangsu. His father is an outdoor lover and his favourite sport is climbing mountains. 1 his father, Yichen also shows a great interest in mountain climbing.
Together, the two climbed to the top of 5,205-metre Siguniang Mountain in Sichuan twice, when Yichen was 9 and 10 years old.
Two months later, 11-year-old Yichen and his father planned to climb Mount Elbrus in Russia, the highest mountain in Europe. To 2 the coming trip, Yichen practised running for 5 km twice a week and swimming every day. On July 16, they began to climb Mount Elbrus. Finally, both of them were 3 in reaching the mountain top in 5 hours.
Yichen’s father said, “Mountain climbing has changed Yichen 4. In the past, Yichen would play games on his phone. But now he has started learning English on his phone. He believed it would be useful for him to travel in other countries in the future.”
1.
C
2. A
3. E
4. B
答案
1. C 2. A 3. E 4. B
解析
【分析】
这是一道选词填空题，需结合上下文语境、词汇含义及词性来选择合适选项。先明确各选项：A. prepare for（为……做准备，动词短语）；B. greatly（极大地，副词）；C. Thanks to（多亏，介词短语）；D. Instead of（代替，介词短语）；E. successful（成功的，形容词）。再逐空分析：1空体现Yichen对爬山感兴趣的原因，需表原因的短语；2空体现练习的目的，需表目的的动词短语；3空在be动词后，需形容词作表语；4空修饰动词，需副词表程度。
【解析】
1. 第1空：句意为“多亏了他的爸爸，Yichen也对爬山产生了极大兴趣”，Thanks to（多亏）符合语境，故选C。
2. 第2空：句意为“为了准备即将到来的旅行，Yichen每周练习两次5公里跑步且每天游泳”，prepare for（为……做准备）表目的，符合语境，故选A。
3. 第3空：句意为“最后，他们都在5小时内成功到达山顶”，be动词后需形容词作表语，successful（成功的）符合，故选E。
4. 第4空：句意为“爬山极大地改变了Yichen”，修饰动词changed需用副词，greatly（极大地）符合，故选B。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. E 4. B
【知识点】
选词填空、短语辨析、词汇词性运用
【点评】
本题为基础选词填空题，主要考查常用短语、副词及形容词的语境运用，需结合上下文逻辑判断，难度不大，适合巩固英语基础词汇的运用。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一道选词填空题，需结合上下文语境、词汇含义及词性来选择合适选项。先明确各选项：A. prepare for（为……做准备，动词短语）；B. greatly（极大地，副词）；C. Thanks to（多亏，介词短语）；D. Instead of（代替，介词短语）；E. successful（成功的，形容词）。再逐空分析：1空体现Yichen对爬山感兴趣的原因，需表原因的短语；2空体现练习的目的，需表目的的动词短语；3空在be动词后，需形容词作表语；4空修饰动词，需副词表程度。
【解析】
1. 第1空：句意为“多亏了他的爸爸，Yichen也对爬山产生了极大兴趣”，Thanks to（多亏）符合语境，故选C。
2. 第2空：句意为“为了准备即将到来的旅行，Yichen每周练习两次5公里跑步且每天游泳”，prepare for（为……做准备）表目的，符合语境，故选A。
3. 第3空：句意为“最后，他们都在5小时内成功到达山顶”，be动词后需形容词作表语，successful（成功的）符合，故选E。
4. 第4空：句意为“爬山极大地改变了Yichen”，修饰动词changed需用副词，greatly（极大地）符合，故选B。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. E 4. B
【知识点】
选词填空、短语辨析、词汇词性运用
【点评】
本题为基础选词填空题，主要考查常用短语、副词及形容词的语境运用，需结合上下文逻辑判断，难度不大，适合巩固英语基础词汇的运用。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅳ. Choose the best answer and complete the passage.
The world is not only hungry, but also thirsty for water. This may sound strange to you, 1 almost 70% of the Earth's surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3% —the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, and underground. 2, we cannot even use all of that. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.
Hopefully, this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us today. But our need for water is 3 quickly—almost day by day. We should take steps(措施) to deal with this 4 now. Only in this way can we get away from a serious shortage of water later on.
We all have to stop wasting our precious water. One of the steps we should take is to develop ways of 5 it. Today in most large cities, water is used only once before it is sent out into a drainage system(排水系统). From there it returns to rivers, lake or the sea.
Most importantly, we must develop technologies to take fresh water from the sea water. If we take these steps, we'll be no longer in 6 of drying up.
()1. A. before B. after C. because D. until
()2. A. Unluckily B. Luckily C. Hopefully D. Interestingly
()3. A. dropping B. falling C. reducing D. increasing
()4. A. project B. problem C. programme D. promise
()5. A. recognizing B. repairing C. recording D. reusing
()6. A. danger B. search C. hope D. track
The world is not only hungry, but also thirsty for water. This may sound strange to you, 1 almost 70% of the Earth's surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3% —the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, and underground. 2, we cannot even use all of that. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.
Hopefully, this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us today. But our need for water is 3 quickly—almost day by day. We should take steps(措施) to deal with this 4 now. Only in this way can we get away from a serious shortage of water later on.
We all have to stop wasting our precious water. One of the steps we should take is to develop ways of 5 it. Today in most large cities, water is used only once before it is sent out into a drainage system(排水系统). From there it returns to rivers, lake or the sea.
Most importantly, we must develop technologies to take fresh water from the sea water. If we take these steps, we'll be no longer in 6 of drying up.
()1. A. before B. after C. because D. until
()2. A. Unluckily B. Luckily C. Hopefully D. Interestingly
()3. A. dropping B. falling C. reducing D. increasing
()4. A. project B. problem C. programme D. promise
()5. A. recognizing B. repairing C. recording D. reusing
()6. A. danger B. search C. hope D. track
答案
1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. A
解析
【分析】
首先通读全文，明确文章主旨：世界不仅面临饥饿还面临水资源短缺问题，虽地球表面近70%被水覆盖，但大部分是不可直接利用的海水，可用淡水有限且被污染，需采取措施解决该问题。接着逐空结合语境和词义分析：
1. 空前说“这可能对你来说奇怪”，空后解释原因“地球表面近70%被水覆盖”，需表原因的连词；
2. 前文提到仅3%是人类可用的淡水，后文说“甚至不能用全部，部分还被污染”，是不好的情况，需选表负面含义的副词；
3. 后文“almost day by day”说明对水的需求在持续增长，需选表“增加”的动词；
4. 需采取措施处理的是水资源短缺这一问题，需选表“问题”的名词；
5. 后文提到“水只用一次就排走”，对应措施是发展重复利用水的方法，需选表“重复利用”的动名词；
6. 此处考查固定搭配，表达“处于...危险中”的含义，需选符合搭配的名词。
【解析】
1. 考查连词辨析。A. before（在...之前）；B. after（在...之后）；C. because（因为）；D. until（直到）。前文说“这可能对你来说奇怪”，后文解释原因，故用because，选C。
2. 考查副词辨析。A. Unluckily（不幸地）；B. Luckily（幸运地）；C. Hopefully（有希望地）；D. Interestingly（有趣地）。前文提到仅3%是人类可用的淡水，后文说“甚至不能用全部，部分被污染”，是不好的情况，故选A。
3. 考查动词辨析。A. dropping（掉落）；B. falling（落下）；C. reducing（减少）；D. increasing（增加）。后文“almost day by day”说明对水的需求在快速增长，故选D。
4. 考查名词辨析。A. project（项目）；B. problem（问题）；C. programme（节目）；D. promise（承诺）。此处指要采取措施解决水资源短缺的问题，故选B。
5. 考查动名词辨析。A. recognizing（认出）；B. repairing（修理）；C. recording（记录）；D. reusing（重复利用）。后文提到“水只用一次就排走”，所以措施是发展重复利用水的方法，故选D。
6. 考查固定搭配。in danger of是固定短语，意为“处于...危险中”，此处指不再面临干涸的危险，故选A。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. A
【知识点】
英语完形填空、词汇辨析、语境理解
【点评】
本文围绕水资源短缺问题展开，考查学生对上下文语境的理解及常用词汇、固定搭配的掌握，难度适中，需结合文章逻辑和词义辨析逐一作答。
【难度系数】
0.5
首先通读全文，明确文章主旨：世界不仅面临饥饿还面临水资源短缺问题，虽地球表面近70%被水覆盖，但大部分是不可直接利用的海水，可用淡水有限且被污染，需采取措施解决该问题。接着逐空结合语境和词义分析：
1. 空前说“这可能对你来说奇怪”，空后解释原因“地球表面近70%被水覆盖”，需表原因的连词；
2. 前文提到仅3%是人类可用的淡水，后文说“甚至不能用全部，部分还被污染”，是不好的情况，需选表负面含义的副词；
3. 后文“almost day by day”说明对水的需求在持续增长，需选表“增加”的动词；
4. 需采取措施处理的是水资源短缺这一问题，需选表“问题”的名词；
5. 后文提到“水只用一次就排走”，对应措施是发展重复利用水的方法，需选表“重复利用”的动名词；
6. 此处考查固定搭配，表达“处于...危险中”的含义，需选符合搭配的名词。
【解析】
1. 考查连词辨析。A. before（在...之前）；B. after（在...之后）；C. because（因为）；D. until（直到）。前文说“这可能对你来说奇怪”，后文解释原因，故用because，选C。
2. 考查副词辨析。A. Unluckily（不幸地）；B. Luckily（幸运地）；C. Hopefully（有希望地）；D. Interestingly（有趣地）。前文提到仅3%是人类可用的淡水，后文说“甚至不能用全部，部分被污染”，是不好的情况，故选A。
3. 考查动词辨析。A. dropping（掉落）；B. falling（落下）；C. reducing（减少）；D. increasing（增加）。后文“almost day by day”说明对水的需求在快速增长，故选D。
4. 考查名词辨析。A. project（项目）；B. problem（问题）；C. programme（节目）；D. promise（承诺）。此处指要采取措施解决水资源短缺的问题，故选B。
5. 考查动名词辨析。A. recognizing（认出）；B. repairing（修理）；C. recording（记录）；D. reusing（重复利用）。后文提到“水只用一次就排走”，所以措施是发展重复利用水的方法，故选D。
6. 考查固定搭配。in danger of是固定短语，意为“处于...危险中”，此处指不再面临干涸的危险，故选A。
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. A
【知识点】
英语完形填空、词汇辨析、语境理解
【点评】
本文围绕水资源短缺问题展开，考查学生对上下文语境的理解及常用词汇、固定搭配的掌握，难度适中，需结合文章逻辑和词义辨析逐一作答。
【难度系数】
0.5
