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六、(2025·宿迁期中)阅读理解。
Buck did not read the newspapers. He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California. Gold - diggers (淘金者) had found gold in northwest Canada, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to work for them in the cold and snow of the north.
Buck had lived in Mr Miller’s house for four years since he was born. There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house, and a river nearby. In a big place like this, of course, there were many other dogs, but they lived together in the kennels (狗舍), or inside the house. But Buck was neither a house dog nor a kennel dog. He was the king over the whole of Mr Miller’s lands. He went swimming with Mr Miller’s sons, and walking with his daughters. He carried the grandchildren on his back, and he sat at Mr Miller’s feet in front of the fire in winter.
This was 1897 when the discovery (发现) of gold brought men from everywhere to northwest Canada for gold - digging. But Buck did not read the newspapers. And he did not know that Manuel, one of Mr Miller’s farmers, needed money for his large family. One day, when Mr Miller was away on business, Manuel and Buck left the garden together. It was just an evening walk, Buck thought. No one saw them go, and only a strange man saw them arrive at the railway station. This man talked to Manuel, and gave him some money. Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck’s neck.
Buck growled (低吼). Gradually, it was hard for him to breathe when the rope was pulled hard around his neck. He jumped at the man in anger. The man caught Buck and forced him to lie on his back. For a few moments, he was unable to move. When the train arrived, the two men threw him into the train.
— Taken from The Call of the Wild
1. Why did these gold - diggers want big dogs?
A. To kill big dogs for meat.
B. To sell big dogs for money.
C. To look after their children.
D. To train big dogs for gold - digging.
2. What might Buck do when he was thrown into the train?
A. Buck might look forward to digging for gold.
B. Buck might be angry and try to run away.
C. Buck might be excited about the new trip.
D. Buck might lie down and go to sleep peacefully.
3. 创新考法·信息排序 What is the correct order of the events in the story?
① Buck was thrown into the train.
② Manuel took Buck out for a walk.
③ Buck was tied with a rope and sold.
④ Buck lived happily in Mr Miller’s house.
A. ④②③①
B. ④①②③
C. ②④③①
D. ③①④②
4. What is the story mainly about?
A. Animals’ trust in humans.
B. People’s discovery of gold.
C. Buck’s early life at Judge Miller’s.
D. The turning point (转折点) of Buck’s life.
Buck did not read the newspapers. He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California. Gold - diggers (淘金者) had found gold in northwest Canada, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to work for them in the cold and snow of the north.
Buck had lived in Mr Miller’s house for four years since he was born. There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house, and a river nearby. In a big place like this, of course, there were many other dogs, but they lived together in the kennels (狗舍), or inside the house. But Buck was neither a house dog nor a kennel dog. He was the king over the whole of Mr Miller’s lands. He went swimming with Mr Miller’s sons, and walking with his daughters. He carried the grandchildren on his back, and he sat at Mr Miller’s feet in front of the fire in winter.
This was 1897 when the discovery (发现) of gold brought men from everywhere to northwest Canada for gold - digging. But Buck did not read the newspapers. And he did not know that Manuel, one of Mr Miller’s farmers, needed money for his large family. One day, when Mr Miller was away on business, Manuel and Buck left the garden together. It was just an evening walk, Buck thought. No one saw them go, and only a strange man saw them arrive at the railway station. This man talked to Manuel, and gave him some money. Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck’s neck.
Buck growled (低吼). Gradually, it was hard for him to breathe when the rope was pulled hard around his neck. He jumped at the man in anger. The man caught Buck and forced him to lie on his back. For a few moments, he was unable to move. When the train arrived, the two men threw him into the train.
— Taken from The Call of the Wild
1. Why did these gold - diggers want big dogs?
A. To kill big dogs for meat.
B. To sell big dogs for money.
C. To look after their children.
D. To train big dogs for gold - digging.
2. What might Buck do when he was thrown into the train?
A. Buck might look forward to digging for gold.
B. Buck might be angry and try to run away.
C. Buck might be excited about the new trip.
D. Buck might lie down and go to sleep peacefully.
3. 创新考法·信息排序 What is the correct order of the events in the story?
① Buck was thrown into the train.
② Manuel took Buck out for a walk.
③ Buck was tied with a rope and sold.
④ Buck lived happily in Mr Miller’s house.
A. ④②③①
B. ④①②③
C. ②④③①
D. ③①④②
4. What is the story mainly about?
A. Animals’ trust in humans.
B. People’s discovery of gold.
C. Buck’s early life at Judge Miller’s.
D. The turning point (转折点) of Buck’s life.
答案
六、1. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Gold-diggers had found gold in northwest Canada, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to work for them in the cold and snow of the north.”可知，淘金者需要大狗是为了让它们在北方的寒冷雪地中为淘金工作服务，即训练大狗参与淘金工作。
2. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Buck growled... He jumped at the man in anger... the two men threw him into the train.”可推断，巴克被扔进火车时是愤怒的，所以他可能会试图逃跑。
3. A 信息排序题。根据文章内容可知，首先巴克在米勒家生活得很快乐，对应④；接着曼纽尔带巴克出去散步，对应②；然后巴克被绳子绑住并被卖掉，对应③；最后巴克被扔进火车，对应①。因此正确顺序为④②③①。
4. D 主旨大意题。文章讲述了巴克原本在米勒家过着优渥的生活，却因被拐卖而人生发生转折，所以主要是关于巴克人生的转折点。
2. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Buck growled... He jumped at the man in anger... the two men threw him into the train.”可推断，巴克被扔进火车时是愤怒的，所以他可能会试图逃跑。
3. A 信息排序题。根据文章内容可知，首先巴克在米勒家生活得很快乐，对应④；接着曼纽尔带巴克出去散步，对应②；然后巴克被绳子绑住并被卖掉，对应③；最后巴克被扔进火车，对应①。因此正确顺序为④②③①。
4. D 主旨大意题。文章讲述了巴克原本在米勒家过着优渥的生活，却因被拐卖而人生发生转折，所以主要是关于巴克人生的转折点。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇节选《野性的呼唤》的阅读理解，解题时可以按照不同题型的对应思路逐一突破：1. 细节理解题直接定位题干关键词“gold-diggers want big dogs”回到原文对应段落找匹配信息，排除和原文内容不符的错误选项；2. 推理判断题结合前文巴克被陌生人伤害、愤怒反抗的情绪，推导他被扔进火车后的合理行为；3. 信息排序题按照故事的时间发展顺序，逐个对应事件在文中出现的先后位置，排出正确序列；4. 主旨大意题排除只覆盖局部内容的片面选项，抓住文本核心事件判断全文主题。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第一段最后一句“Gold - diggers had found gold in northwest Canada, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to work for them in the cold and snow of the north.”可知，淘金者需要大狗是为了让它们在北方的严寒雪地中为淘金工作服务。A选项“杀狗取肉”、B选项“卖狗赚钱”、C选项“照看孩子”均未在文中提及，只有D选项“训练大狗参与淘金工作”符合原文描述。
2. 第2题：根据原文最后一段内容，巴克被陌生人用绳子勒住脖子难以呼吸，愤怒地扑向对方，全程都在激烈反抗，因此可以推断他被扔进火车时情绪是愤怒的，大概率会尝试逃跑。A选项“期待淘金”巴克根本不知道淘金相关的事，C选项“对新旅程感到兴奋”、D选项“平静躺下睡觉”都和他当下的反抗状态完全矛盾，因此选B。
3. 第3题：梳理全文叙事顺序：首先第二段介绍巴克在米勒先生家安逸快乐地生活，对应事件④；接着第三段提到曼纽尔趁米勒先生出差，带巴克出门散步，对应事件②；随后陌生男人给了曼纽尔钱，用绳子绑住巴克的脖子，对应事件③；最后两人合力把巴克扔进火车，对应事件①。因此正确顺序为④②③①，对应A选项。
4. 第4题：全文既介绍了巴克此前在米勒家养尊处优的生活，也讲述了他被家中仆人拐卖、被迫离开原有生活的事件，核心是巴克人生的转折点。A选项“动物对人类的信任”并非文本核心，B选项“人类发现黄金”只是故事背景，C选项“巴克在米勒家的早年生活”仅覆盖了文本前半部分的局部内容，都不符合主旨，因此选D。
【答案】
1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D
【知识点】
细节信息查找，逻辑推理判断，阅读理解主旨归纳
【点评】
本题选自经典文学作品片段，题型覆盖了初中英语阅读最常见的四类考点，难度梯度设置合理，既考查学生快速定位原文细节的基础能力，也锻炼学生梳理叙事脉络、结合上下文推导情节、整体把握文本核心的综合阅读素养，能有效检测学生的阅读理解水平。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇节选《野性的呼唤》的阅读理解，解题时可以按照不同题型的对应思路逐一突破：1. 细节理解题直接定位题干关键词“gold-diggers want big dogs”回到原文对应段落找匹配信息，排除和原文内容不符的错误选项；2. 推理判断题结合前文巴克被陌生人伤害、愤怒反抗的情绪，推导他被扔进火车后的合理行为；3. 信息排序题按照故事的时间发展顺序，逐个对应事件在文中出现的先后位置，排出正确序列；4. 主旨大意题排除只覆盖局部内容的片面选项，抓住文本核心事件判断全文主题。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第一段最后一句“Gold - diggers had found gold in northwest Canada, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to work for them in the cold and snow of the north.”可知，淘金者需要大狗是为了让它们在北方的严寒雪地中为淘金工作服务。A选项“杀狗取肉”、B选项“卖狗赚钱”、C选项“照看孩子”均未在文中提及，只有D选项“训练大狗参与淘金工作”符合原文描述。
2. 第2题：根据原文最后一段内容，巴克被陌生人用绳子勒住脖子难以呼吸，愤怒地扑向对方，全程都在激烈反抗，因此可以推断他被扔进火车时情绪是愤怒的，大概率会尝试逃跑。A选项“期待淘金”巴克根本不知道淘金相关的事，C选项“对新旅程感到兴奋”、D选项“平静躺下睡觉”都和他当下的反抗状态完全矛盾，因此选B。
3. 第3题：梳理全文叙事顺序：首先第二段介绍巴克在米勒先生家安逸快乐地生活，对应事件④；接着第三段提到曼纽尔趁米勒先生出差，带巴克出门散步，对应事件②；随后陌生男人给了曼纽尔钱，用绳子绑住巴克的脖子，对应事件③；最后两人合力把巴克扔进火车，对应事件①。因此正确顺序为④②③①，对应A选项。
4. 第4题：全文既介绍了巴克此前在米勒家养尊处优的生活，也讲述了他被家中仆人拐卖、被迫离开原有生活的事件，核心是巴克人生的转折点。A选项“动物对人类的信任”并非文本核心，B选项“人类发现黄金”只是故事背景，C选项“巴克在米勒家的早年生活”仅覆盖了文本前半部分的局部内容，都不符合主旨，因此选D。
【答案】
1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D
【知识点】
细节信息查找，逻辑推理判断，阅读理解主旨归纳
【点评】
本题选自经典文学作品片段，题型覆盖了初中英语阅读最常见的四类考点，难度梯度设置合理，既考查学生快速定位原文细节的基础能力，也锻炼学生梳理叙事脉络、结合上下文推导情节、整体把握文本核心的综合阅读素养，能有效检测学生的阅读理解水平。
【难度系数】
0.7
