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三、阅读理解
A
The world is full of beautiful places that wait for you to explore. You used to promise yourself that you would travel somewhere when you had enough money and time. But scientific research has found that some of them won't wait around forever because they will disappear one day.
The Dead Sea, known for being one of the saltiest bodies of water in the world, is in danger of disappearing. Tourists went to the lake to float in its waters and spread its mineral-rich mud（富含矿物质的泥土）on their skin. However, the water level is dropping more than 90 centimetres every year because of nearby mining（采矿）projects and overuse of water. As a result, the Dead Sea is shrinking so quickly that if nothing is done by 2050, it will be too late.
Madagascar’s rain forests could also disappear in about 30 years. They once covered 120,000 square metres, but with trees cut down and forest fires, only 20,000 square metres are left today. This is a bad event for special animals that call Madagascar home.
There are also many man-made places around the world that are at the risk of disappearing. One of these is Machu Picchu. It has been endangered by city development, landslides（滑坡）, and too many visitors. If action is not taken to protect the ancient place, it could be gone in the near future.
Another spot in danger is the Great Wall of China. Part of the wall, built over hundreds of years and finished in the Ming Dynasty, is already gone. For one thing, wind and rain have weathered（风化）it and plants growing in the wall have weakened it further. For another, poor villagers have stolen（偷）its bricks in order to sell them or build homes with them. In recent years, tourists have also begun exploring the less developed parts of the Great Wall, causing more damage（破坏）. It could also be lost to the sands of time.
If you expect to visit any of these spots, get to them before time runs out!
21. How does the writer start this text?
A. By listing an example.
B. By giving a fact.
C. By sharing an opinion.
D. By making a comparison.
22. What does the underlined word “shrinking” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Becoming smaller in size.
B. Becoming more famous for its danger.
C. Becoming less in amount.
D. Becoming saltier in the body of water.
23. Which two places are at the risk of disappearing partly because of tourists?
A. The Dead Sea and Machu Picchu.
B. Machu Picchu and the Great Wall.
C. The Great Wall and Madagascar’s rain forests.
D. Madagascar’s rain forests and the Dead Sea.
24. What can we know about the places in the text?
A. Special animals living in the Dead Sea are at risk.
B. Madagascar’s rain forests could be gone by about 2040.
C. Machu Picchu built by man is still at the risk of disappearing.
D. Villagers have stolen bricks to repair parts of the Great Wall.
25. In which unit of a textbook can the text be most possibly found?
A. Unit 1 The World of Science.
B. Unit 2 Life in the Future.
C. Unit 3 The Scary Nature.
D. Unit 4 Nature and Protection.
A
The world is full of beautiful places that wait for you to explore. You used to promise yourself that you would travel somewhere when you had enough money and time. But scientific research has found that some of them won't wait around forever because they will disappear one day.
The Dead Sea, known for being one of the saltiest bodies of water in the world, is in danger of disappearing. Tourists went to the lake to float in its waters and spread its mineral-rich mud（富含矿物质的泥土）on their skin. However, the water level is dropping more than 90 centimetres every year because of nearby mining（采矿）projects and overuse of water. As a result, the Dead Sea is shrinking so quickly that if nothing is done by 2050, it will be too late.
Madagascar’s rain forests could also disappear in about 30 years. They once covered 120,000 square metres, but with trees cut down and forest fires, only 20,000 square metres are left today. This is a bad event for special animals that call Madagascar home.
There are also many man-made places around the world that are at the risk of disappearing. One of these is Machu Picchu. It has been endangered by city development, landslides（滑坡）, and too many visitors. If action is not taken to protect the ancient place, it could be gone in the near future.
Another spot in danger is the Great Wall of China. Part of the wall, built over hundreds of years and finished in the Ming Dynasty, is already gone. For one thing, wind and rain have weathered（风化）it and plants growing in the wall have weakened it further. For another, poor villagers have stolen（偷）its bricks in order to sell them or build homes with them. In recent years, tourists have also begun exploring the less developed parts of the Great Wall, causing more damage（破坏）. It could also be lost to the sands of time.
If you expect to visit any of these spots, get to them before time runs out!
21. How does the writer start this text?
A. By listing an example.
B. By giving a fact.
C. By sharing an opinion.
D. By making a comparison.
22. What does the underlined word “shrinking” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Becoming smaller in size.
B. Becoming more famous for its danger.
C. Becoming less in amount.
D. Becoming saltier in the body of water.
23. Which two places are at the risk of disappearing partly because of tourists?
A. The Dead Sea and Machu Picchu.
B. Machu Picchu and the Great Wall.
C. The Great Wall and Madagascar’s rain forests.
D. Madagascar’s rain forests and the Dead Sea.
24. What can we know about the places in the text?
A. Special animals living in the Dead Sea are at risk.
B. Madagascar’s rain forests could be gone by about 2040.
C. Machu Picchu built by man is still at the risk of disappearing.
D. Villagers have stolen bricks to repair parts of the Great Wall.
25. In which unit of a textbook can the text be most possibly found?
A. Unit 1 The World of Science.
B. Unit 2 Life in the Future.
C. Unit 3 The Scary Nature.
D. Unit 4 Nature and Protection.
答案
21.B 22.A 23.B 24.C 25.D
解析
【分析】
要解答这篇阅读理解的题目，需先通读全文把握核心内容，再针对每个小题定位原文对应信息：21题考查文章开篇方式，需定位第一段分析；22题考查词义猜测，需结合第二段语境（死海水位下降）推断词义；23题考查细节查找，需找出两个因游客受威胁的地点；24题需逐一核对选项与原文细节；25题考查主旨归纳，需判断文本所属单元主题。
【解析】
21题：定位第一段，作者开篇陈述“世界上有很多美丽的地方等待探索，但科学研究发现有些地方会消失”这一客观事实，并非举例、分享观点或对比，故选B。
22题：第二段提到死海水位每年下降超90厘米，结合语境，“shrinking”意为“尺寸变小”，故选A。
23题：Machu Picchu段提到“too many visitors”，长城段提到“tourists have also begun exploring... causing more damage”，可知这两个地方受游客影响，故选B。
24题：A选项是马达加斯加的动物有危险，错误；B选项马达加斯加雨林约30年后消失，并非2040年，错误；C选项Machu Picchu是人造景点，仍有消失风险，正确；D选项村民偷砖是卖或建房子，错误，故选C。
25题：文本主题是介绍面临消失的自然和人造景点，呼吁保护，对应“Nature and Protection”单元，故选D。
【答案】
21.B 22.A 23.B 24.C 25.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、词义猜测、细节查找、主旨归纳
【点评】
本文围绕“面临消失的景点及保护”展开，题目侧重考查学生对原文细节的定位、词义推断和主旨理解，整体难度适中，需学生仔细核对原文信息。
【难度系数】
0.6
要解答这篇阅读理解的题目，需先通读全文把握核心内容，再针对每个小题定位原文对应信息：21题考查文章开篇方式，需定位第一段分析；22题考查词义猜测，需结合第二段语境（死海水位下降）推断词义；23题考查细节查找，需找出两个因游客受威胁的地点；24题需逐一核对选项与原文细节；25题考查主旨归纳，需判断文本所属单元主题。
【解析】
21题：定位第一段，作者开篇陈述“世界上有很多美丽的地方等待探索，但科学研究发现有些地方会消失”这一客观事实，并非举例、分享观点或对比，故选B。
22题：第二段提到死海水位每年下降超90厘米，结合语境，“shrinking”意为“尺寸变小”，故选A。
23题：Machu Picchu段提到“too many visitors”，长城段提到“tourists have also begun exploring... causing more damage”，可知这两个地方受游客影响，故选B。
24题：A选项是马达加斯加的动物有危险，错误；B选项马达加斯加雨林约30年后消失，并非2040年，错误；C选项Machu Picchu是人造景点，仍有消失风险，正确；D选项村民偷砖是卖或建房子，错误，故选C。
25题：文本主题是介绍面临消失的自然和人造景点，呼吁保护，对应“Nature and Protection”单元，故选D。
【答案】
21.B 22.A 23.B 24.C 25.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、词义猜测、细节查找、主旨归纳
【点评】
本文围绕“面临消失的景点及保护”展开，题目侧重考查学生对原文细节的定位、词义推断和主旨理解，整体难度适中，需学生仔细核对原文信息。
【难度系数】
0.6
