一、阅读理解
Dust storms（沙尘暴）appear when strong winds blow sand and dirt from a dry surface. Strong dust storms may cause deaths, so you should know how to protect yourself from dust storms when you face them.
Be careful of warnings
Dust storms probably happen on hot summer days, and it’s not safe for people to travel during this period. So you should listen to the local weather reports before travelling, and consider changing or giving up your trip if dust storms are predicted.
Be prepared
If you are in a place where storms often happen, carry a mask to keep dust and dirt away from your face and a pair of glasses to protect your eyes.
Stay inside
Do not move around when a dust storm comes, as you will not be able to see hidden dangers. So if you are in a house, don’t go out and just stay inside.
Protect yourself from flying objects
Cover your body as much as possible in a dust storm. A strong wind of dust storms can carry heavy objects, so you should try to stay low and close to the ground, and protect your head with your arms or a backpack.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
() 1. What does the underlined word “dirt” mean in Chinese?
A. 淤泥 B. 尘土
C. 丑陋 D. 肮脏
() 2. What should you do before you travel according to the second paragraph?
A. Pack your backpack.
B. Bring some money with you.
C. Listen to the local weather reports.
D. Have a good sleep.
() 3. Which of the following may not be needed when you face a dust storm?
A. A knife.
B. A mask.
C. A pair of glasses.
D. Knowledge about dust storms.
() 4. What can we learn from the text?
A. It is safe to travel on hot summer days.
B. People should stay inside when a dust storm comes.
C. A strong wind of dust storms doesn’t carry heavy objects.
D. You should stand high when a dust storm comes.
() 5. What’s the main idea of this text?
A. How to predict dust storms.
B. How to reduce dust storms.
C. How to travel in summer.
D. How to protect yourself from dust storms.

1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.D

1. 词义猜测题：根据划线词所在句“Dust storms appear when strong winds blow sand and dirt from a dry surface”，沙尘暴是强风从干燥的地表卷起沙子和尘土形成的，结合语境可推断dirt此处意为“尘土”。
2. 细节理解题：定位到第二段内容，文中明确提到“So you should listen to the local weather reports before travelling”，说明出行前需要收听当地的天气预报，对应正确选项。
3. 细节理解题：文中提到应对沙尘暴需要携带口罩、护目镜，同时掌握沙尘暴相关的防护知识，全文没有提及需要用到小刀，因此小刀是沙尘暴场景下不需要的物品。
4. 细节理解题：逐一核对选项：A选项和原文“Dust storms probably happen on hot summer days, and it's not safe for people to travel during this period”表述不符；B选项和原文“if you are in a house, don't go out and just stay inside”表述一致；C选项和原文“A strong wind of dust storms can carry heavy objects”表述矛盾；D选项和原文“you should try to stay low and close to the ground”表述矛盾。
5. 主旨大意题：文章开篇点明主旨，指出强沙尘暴可能造成死亡，人们需要掌握沙尘暴中的自我保护方法，后续分四个部分详细介绍了对应的防护措施，全文核心是介绍如何在沙尘暴中保护自己。