阅读短文,完成下列任务。
Natural Disasters: Earth's "Temper" and Our "Super Skills"
Earth can be a bit dramatic! Sometimes it shakes its body (earthquakes), sneezes(typhoons) or even cries too much (floods). We can't stop Earth's temper, but we can learn to protect ourselves.
• Where do disasters like to hang out?
Earthquakes love to "dance" at plate boundaries(板块边界)! The Ring of Fire around the Pacific Ocean—places like Japan, Indonesia and Chile—gets lots of shaking.
1. Countries like China, the Philippines, and Vietnam often get visited by their "twirling sleeves(旋转的袖子)."
Floods enjoy vacations in low-lying areas and near rivers, such as the Ganges Plain in South Asia and the Yangtze River in China. 2.
• How do disasters mess things up?
In 2008, the Wenchuan earthquake in China shook everything. Nearly 90,000 people were killed or went missing. The money lost could circle earth many times!
In 2022, Typhoon Nanmadol hit Japan, bringing record-breaking rain. 3. Floods and landslides forced tens of thousands to evacuate at night. Disasters also tore up roads, washed away crops and pressed the "pause(暂停) button" on our lives.
• Our super defense guide!
For you: Pack a "survival backpack"—water, cookies, a flashlight, band-aids. Know your escape routes(逃离路线). 4.
For the city: Governments can install(安装) "eagle eyes" (early warning systems), build strong houses and organize earthquake drills.
For the world: 5. Disasters don't care about borders—and neither does kindness!
Remember: Nature is powerful, but science is our shield, and teamwork is our armor (盔甲)!
任务一:根据上下文,将下列句子还原到短文中。
A. Practice like it's a fun game!
B. Rain poured like the sky had a hole.
C. When they're happy, they flood everything!
D. Countries work together, send help and share ideas.
E. Typhoons are like spinning dancers in the northwest Pacific.
任务二:阅读短文,选择最佳答案。
()1. Where do earthquakes often happen?
A. On ice caps.
B. At plate boundaries.
C. In the middle of deserts.
()2. Which country was hit by Typhoon Nanmadol in 2022?
A. China.
B. Japan.
C. Brazil.
()3. What should you put in a survival backpack?
A. Candies.
B. Video games.
C. Band-aids.
()4. How many people were killed or missing in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake?
A. About 9 thousand.
B. About 90 thousand.
C. About 900 thousand.
()5. Which of the following is true?
A. We can't stop the nature's temper but we can learn to protect ourselves.
B. Floods enjoy visiting the Yangtze River in China more than the Ganges Plain.
C. Nanmadol tore up hundreds of roads, washed away crops, but didn't influence our life.
任务三:阅读短文,回答下列问题。
1. Why is the area around the Pacific Ocean called the Ring of Fire?

2. Where do floods like to vacation?

3. What can we put in a survival backpack?

4. How can governments help reduce disaster damage?

5. What's your understanding of the last sentence?

任务一：1. E 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D
任务二：1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A
任务三：
1. Because the area around the Pacific Ocean, including places like Japan, Indonesia and Chile, gets lots of frequent earthquakes.
2. Floods like to vacation in low-lying areas and near rivers, such as the Ganges Plain in South Asia and the Yangtze River in China.
3. We can put water, cookies, a flashlight and band-aids in a survival backpack.
4. Governments can install early warning systems, build strong houses and organize earthquake drills to reduce disaster damage.
5. Nature is powerful, but science can help us fight against natural disasters. If people all over the world work together, send help to each other and share ideas, we will have much stronger ability to protect ourselves from disasters.

任务一：
1. 空后内容提及中国、菲律宾、越南常遭遇被比作“旋转的袖子”的台风，E选项介绍台风是西北太平洋的旋转舞者，符合此处台风分布的语境，选E。
2. 空前内容介绍洪水常出现在低洼区域和河流附近，C选项承接说明洪水泛滥时会淹没一切，符合洪水主题的逻辑，选C。
3. 空前内容提到台风南玛都带来破纪录的降雨，B选项用形象的描述展现雨势极大，衔接后续的洪涝、滑坡灾害，选B。
4. 空前内容说明个人要准备求生背包、牢记逃生路线，A选项呼吁像玩趣味游戏一样反复演练逃生技能，承接个人防灾的要求，选A。
5. 空前主题是全球层面的防灾，D选项说明各国协作、互助、分享经验，契合后文“灾害不分国界，善意也不分国界”的表述，选D。
任务二：
1. 根据原文“Earthquakes love to 'dance' at plate boundaries!”可知地震常发生在板块边界，选B。
2. 根据原文“In 2022, Typhoon Nanmadol hit Japan”可知2022年台风南玛都袭击了日本，选B。
3. 根据原文“Pack a 'survival backpack'—water, cookies, a flashlight, band-aids.”可知求生背包里可以放创可贴，选C。
4. 根据原文“Nearly 90,000 people were killed or went missing.”可知汶川地震中约9万人遇难或失踪，选B。
5. 原文第一段明确说明“我们无法阻止地球的‘脾气’，但我们可以学会保护自己”，A表述正确；文中没有对比洪水更偏爱长江还是恒河平原，B错误；文中提到灾害会打乱我们的生活，C错误，故选A。
任务三：
1. 定位原文第二段内容提取信息：环太平洋区域的日本、印度尼西亚、智利等地地震活动非常频繁，会发生大量地震。
2. 定位原文洪水相关描述提取信息：洪水常出现在低洼区域和河流附近，比如南亚恒河平原和中国长江流域。
3. 定位求生背包相关内容提取信息：求生背包里可以放置水、饼干、手电筒、创可贴这类应急物资。
4. 定位城市防灾相关内容提取信息：政府可以安装预警系统、建造坚固房屋、组织地震演练，以此降低灾害带来的损失。
5. 结合全文主旨理解：自然的力量很强大，但科学技术可以帮助我们抵御灾害，全世界人们团结协作、互帮互助、共享防灾经验，就能拥有对抗自然灾害的强大力量，更好地保护自身安全。