Ⅳ.阅读短文,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
Humans 1. (be) curious about space since ancient times. We 2. (keep) exploring the universe to discover its secrets.
We explore space mainly because it 3. (bring) new chances for mankind. In the past ten years, space technology 4. (help) us solve many real-life problems. New tools and methods 5. (create) during space research every year.
Up to now, humans 6. (reach) the moon and some nearby planets. But we 7. (not reach) distant stars yet. If we 8. (want) to go further, we must develop better technology.
Scientists believe that humans 9. (explore) more unknown space in the future. As long as we keep trying, we 10. (break) the limits step by step.

1. have been 2. keep 3. brings 4. has helped 5. are created
6. have reached 7. haven't reached 8. want 9. will explore 10. will break

【分析】本题为动词适当形式填空题，需结合句子的时间标志、语境及语态判断动词的正确形式：1. 由时间状语since ancient times确定用现在完成时；2. 表经常性动作用一般现在时；3. 陈述客观事实用一般现在时，注意主谓一致；4. 时间状语In the past ten years对应现在完成时；5. 主语是动作承受者，结合every year用一般现在时的被动语态；6. Up to now是现在完成时的标志；7. yet用于现在完成时否定句；8. if引导条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”；9. in the future对应一般将来时；10. as long as引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时。
【解析】1. 时间状语since ancient times（自从古代）是现在完成时的标志，主语Humans为复数，故填have been；2. 描述经常性动作，用一般现在时，主语We，故填keep；3. 陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语it为第三人称单数，故填brings；4. In the past ten years（在过去十年里）是现在完成时的标志，主语space technology为单数，故填has helped；5. 主语New tools and methods是create的承受者，需用被动语态，时间状语every year表一般现在时，主语为复数，故填are created；6. Up to now（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，主语humans为复数，故填have reached；7. yet（尚未）用于现在完成时否定句，主语we，故填haven't reached；8. if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时，主语we，故填want；9. in the future（在未来）对应一般将来时，故填will explore；10. as long as引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，故填will break。
【答案】1. have been 2. keep 3. brings 4. has helped 5. are created 6. have reached 7. haven't reached 8. want 9. will explore 10. will break
【知识点】动词时态；被动语态；条件状语从句时态
【点评】本题聚焦英语基础时态与语态的运用，通过时间标志词、语境及从句规则判断动词形式，是初中英语核心题型，需学生熟练掌握各类时态的适用场景。
【难度系数】0.5

Ⅴ. 阅读理解
On August 24,Japan started releasing(排放) wastewater from its Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant(福岛第一核电站)into the Pacific Ocean. This has caused anger and fear across the world.
1. What happened?
In March 2011,Japan experienced the strongest earthquake in its recorded history. The earthquake caused a tsunami(海啸). The tsunami greatly damaged the Fukushima nuclear plant. Ever since then, the plant has been producing a large amount of wastewater. So far, it has collected more than 1.3 million tons of it. The first round of release will last 17 days. The whole process will take about 30 years.
2. Two types of water
Nuclear-contaminated water(核污水):The water has more than 60 kinds of radioactive materials(放射性物质). It's bad for people's health and the environment.
Nuclear wastewater(核废水):The water doesn't have radioactive materials. It also cools down reactors(反应堆), but it doesn't touch them.
3. ▲
It goes to the middle of the Pacific Ocean in 57 days;
It gets to China in about 240 days;
It gets to the US and Canada in 3 years;
It reaches everywhere in the world in 10 years.
4. The danger of wastewater
Radioactive materials in wastewater may cause many diseases. It will influence us in many ways:fish and other seafood in water may have radioactive materials; the cloud near the sea may have these materials, too. Since we are on the same planet, no one will be free from the harm. It is just a matter of time.
()1. Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant was greatly damaged by .
A. wastewater B. people C. a war D. a tsunami
()2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The release of wastewater will last for 17 days.
B. Nuclear-contaminated water is harmful to the environment.
C. Japan's nuclear-contaminated water goes to the Pacific Ocean in 57 days.
D. All the seafood will have radioactive materials.
()3. Which can be the best to fill in the blank ▲?
A. The importance of wastewater
B. The use of wastewater
C. The history of wastewater
D. The spread of wastewater
()4. How does the writer explain the danger of wastewater in the last paragraph?
A. By giving examples.
B. By listing numbers.
C. By comparing facts.
D. By telling stories.

1. D 2. B 3. D 4. A

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需通过定位原文对应信息解答各小题：第1题考查细节理解，需定位福岛核电站受损原因；第2题需逐一核对选项与原文表述是否一致；第3题考查段落主旨，需根据空白后内容判断主题；第4题考查写作手法，需分析最后一段的论证方式。解题核心是精准定位原文，排除干扰选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位原文第二段“The tsunami greatly damaged the Fukushima nuclear plant.”可知，福岛核电站被海啸严重损坏，故选D。
2. 第2题：逐一验证选项：A选项原文仅提到“第一轮排放持续17天”，并非整个排放过程，错误；B选项对应原文“Nuclear-contaminated water... It's bad for people's health and the environment.”，正确；C选项原文未明确是核污水（nuclear-contaminated water）57天到太平洋中部，错误；D选项原文是“fish and other seafood in water may have radioactive materials”，并非所有海鲜，错误，故选B。
3. 第3题：空白后内容是核废水/污水扩散到各地的时间，主题为“核废水的扩散”，故选D。
4. 第4题：最后一段通过列举“海鲜可能含放射性物质、海边的云也含放射性物质”的例子说明核废水的危险，采用举例子的手法，故选A。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题围绕日本福岛核废水排放的时事热点设题，题型涵盖细节理解、主旨大意和写作手法，考查学生快速定位原文、辨析信息的能力，难度适中，贴近生活实际。
【难度系数】
0.6