五、(跨地理·湿地)(2025·淮安)阅读理解。
If you search for places of beauty，wetlands probably won't be high on your list. Wetlands are areas of land that are often completely wet with water. Although they might not look very pretty，the roles that they play in nature might go beyond many people's imagination.
Wetlands appear naturally in almost every part of the world. There are many different types of wetlands on the earth. Along with rainforests，they are among the most diverse(多样的)places on the earth. Besides natural wetlands，humans are also creating man-made ones for a number of purposes about water management.
One of the main advantages of wetlands is that they can prevent floods. They do so by storing water for a certain time and then slowly releasing(释放)it over time. Wetlands operate similarly to a sponge(海绵). When it rains heavily and water levels rise，they take in the extra water which may cause floods. This prevents water from entering rivers and streams. Then，when water levels become low later，they will release it. In many cases，wetlands offer a much more natural way than dams(水坝). However，it's important to note that wetlands，like dams，don't stop all dangers from flooding. Once there is a very heavy rainfall，wetlands may fill up and any extra water will start to run off.
Wetlands also play a part in cleaning water. Farming actions and city waste are main causes of water pollution. Wetlands include plants and organisms(微生物)that can reduce this pollution by clearing out unwanted things. Wetlands have other advantages for the environment as well. They can help to feed nearby fish populations by releasing something that can be used as food for them into rivers. Also，many animals like frogs use wetlands as baby-raising grounds because they provide the place for catching food and the water required. Some birds also come to the wetlands for food and shelter. Although wetlands may not look pretty，it's clear that they are able to do the important work which is necessary to make sure that the circle of life remains unbroken.
()1. Why does the writer mention “sponge” in Paragraph 3?
A. To explain the flood-preventing work of wetlands.
B. To describe the sponge's feature of storing water.
C. To show the wetlands can take in water quickly like a sponge.
D. To compare the similar points between wetlands and a sponge.
()2. What can we learn about wetlands from the passage?
A. People create man-made wetlands to deal with water.
B. People praise wetlands for natural beauty.
C. Wetlands can solve the pollution problems.
D. Wetlands can completely prevent the dangers caused by floods.
()3. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. Wetlands—Circle of Life
B. Wetlands—Home of Living Things
C. Wetlands—Friend of the earth
D. Wetlands—Cleaner of Environment

1~3. AAC

【分析】
本题为跨地理的英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解与主旨大意类题目。解题思路：首先通读全文，把握文章核心内容（湿地的作用）；针对第1、2题（细节理解题），需定位原文对应段落，逐一核对选项与原文表述的匹配度，排除与原文不符或表述错误的选项；针对第3题（主旨大意题），需概括全文核心，排除片面或宽泛的标题。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位第三段。原文提到湿地的主要优势之一是防洪水，通过储水、缓慢释放实现，且用“海绵”类比湿地的储水功能，目的是解释湿地防洪水的工作原理。A选项符合；B选项描述海绵特征并非作者意图；C选项仅强调吸水快，未体现防洪水的核心；D选项仅比较相似点，未点明目的，故选A。
2. 第2题：逐一核对选项。A选项对应原文“humans are also creating man-made ones for a number of purposes about water management”，表述正确；B选项与原文“wetlands probably won't be high on your list（不被视为美景）”矛盾；C选项原文是“reduce pollution”（减少污染），而非“solve”（解决），程度不符；D选项与原文“wetlands... don't stop all dangers from flooding”矛盾，故选A。
3. 第3题：主旨大意题。全文围绕湿地的多种重要作用展开，最后一段点明湿地对维持生命循环的意义。A选项“Wetlands—Circle of Life”既涵盖湿地的核心价值，又呼应结尾主旨；B选项仅强调生物家园，片面；C选项“地球朋友”过于宽泛；D选项仅突出净水功能，片面，故选C。
【答案】
1~3. AAC
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本题结合地理知识考查英语阅读能力，围绕湿地的功能展开，要求学生精准定位原文信息、辨析选项正误及概括主旨，需准确把握细节与主旨的关联。
【难度系数】
0.6