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五、阅读理解。
MSF stands for Medicos Sin Fronteras. It's also known as Doctors Without Borders. Medicos Sin Fronteras is French. This organization was set up by some French doctors in 1971. Since then, MSF has sent trained doctors all over the world to help people who have suffered from disasters, such as wars and illness.
Now, about 3,000 doctors and nurses work for MSF. And over 27,000 doctors have volunteered for MSF so far. The organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999. All kinds of doctors can volunteer for MSF. They need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and, of course, they should face difficulties. Most of MSF's work is in Africa. When MSF chooses doctors for a task, they have to go for at least six months. When doctors have completed a few tasks and become experienced, they might be sent on an emergency task following a disaster, such as an earthquake.
But why would doctors leave a comfortable life and a good pay to join MSF? Some of them say the experience they have is a great help in their life. And they say that it's great to give others a helping hand. MSF needs support. They get donations from the government and businesses. But 80% of its donations come from doctors themselves.
(
A. some officers B. some businessmen
C. some teachers D. some doctors
(
A. the government B. doctors C. businesses D. common people
(
A. in a primary school in Nanjing
B. in a hospital near a block
C. in an African country, where a war broke out
D. in a company, where medicine is sold
MSF stands for Medicos Sin Fronteras. It's also known as Doctors Without Borders. Medicos Sin Fronteras is French. This organization was set up by some French doctors in 1971. Since then, MSF has sent trained doctors all over the world to help people who have suffered from disasters, such as wars and illness.
Now, about 3,000 doctors and nurses work for MSF. And over 27,000 doctors have volunteered for MSF so far. The organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999. All kinds of doctors can volunteer for MSF. They need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and, of course, they should face difficulties. Most of MSF's work is in Africa. When MSF chooses doctors for a task, they have to go for at least six months. When doctors have completed a few tasks and become experienced, they might be sent on an emergency task following a disaster, such as an earthquake.
But why would doctors leave a comfortable life and a good pay to join MSF? Some of them say the experience they have is a great help in their life. And they say that it's great to give others a helping hand. MSF needs support. They get donations from the government and businesses. But 80% of its donations come from doctors themselves.
(
D
)1. In 1971, set up MSF.A. some officers B. some businessmen
C. some teachers D. some doctors
(
B
)2. MSF gets most of its donations from .A. the government B. doctors C. businesses D. common people
(
C
)3. It's highly possible to find MSF doctors working .A. in a primary school in Nanjing
B. in a hospital near a block
C. in an African country, where a war broke out
D. in a company, where medicine is sold
答案
1. D 2. B 3. C
解析
【分析】
这是一篇说明类阅读理解细节题，解题思路清晰易懂：第一步先通读3道题的题干，标记每道题的核心关键词，比如第1题的1971、set up MSF，第2题的most of its donations，第3题的MSF医生的工作地点；第二步带着标记的关键词返回原文精准定位对应语句，将原文内容和四个选项逐一比对，排除不符合原文描述的错误选项，不需要复杂推理就能直接选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段语句“This organization was set up by some French doctors in 1971.”，明确说明1971年是部分法国医生建立了MSF，对应选项D，直接排除A（官员）、B（商人）、C（教师）三个不符合原文描述的选项。
2. 定位原文最后一段末尾语句“But 80% of its donations come from doctors themselves.”，80%的占比说明MSF的绝大多数捐赠都来自医生群体，对应选项B，排除A（政府）、C（企业）、D（普通民众）三个错误选项。
3. 定位原文第一段“MSF has sent trained doctors all over the world to help people who have suffered from disasters, such as wars and illness”以及第二段“Most of MSF's work is in Africa”，可知MSF的医生主要在非洲遭遇灾难、战争的区域开展工作，对应选项C，其余选项的场景都不符合MSF的工作属性。
【答案】
1. D 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
1. 阅读理解细节定位
2. 语篇信息提取
【点评】
本题属于低难度的说明类阅读题，全部为事实细节类考点，没有设置强干扰迷惑选项，学生只要掌握回原文定位关键词的基础阅读技巧，就能快速找到对应依据选出正确答案，主要考察学生从说明短文中快速抓取关键信息的基础阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.9
这是一篇说明类阅读理解细节题，解题思路清晰易懂：第一步先通读3道题的题干，标记每道题的核心关键词，比如第1题的1971、set up MSF，第2题的most of its donations，第3题的MSF医生的工作地点；第二步带着标记的关键词返回原文精准定位对应语句，将原文内容和四个选项逐一比对，排除不符合原文描述的错误选项，不需要复杂推理就能直接选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段语句“This organization was set up by some French doctors in 1971.”，明确说明1971年是部分法国医生建立了MSF，对应选项D，直接排除A（官员）、B（商人）、C（教师）三个不符合原文描述的选项。
2. 定位原文最后一段末尾语句“But 80% of its donations come from doctors themselves.”，80%的占比说明MSF的绝大多数捐赠都来自医生群体，对应选项B，排除A（政府）、C（企业）、D（普通民众）三个错误选项。
3. 定位原文第一段“MSF has sent trained doctors all over the world to help people who have suffered from disasters, such as wars and illness”以及第二段“Most of MSF's work is in Africa”，可知MSF的医生主要在非洲遭遇灾难、战争的区域开展工作，对应选项C，其余选项的场景都不符合MSF的工作属性。
【答案】
1. D 2. B 3. C
【知识点】
1. 阅读理解细节定位
2. 语篇信息提取
【点评】
本题属于低难度的说明类阅读题，全部为事实细节类考点，没有设置强干扰迷惑选项，学生只要掌握回原文定位关键词的基础阅读技巧，就能快速找到对应依据选出正确答案，主要考察学生从说明短文中快速抓取关键信息的基础阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.9
