B KEY→P21
范畴:人与社会 主题:语言与文化 体裁:记叙文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:8分钟 评价:/4
One of the best things that can happen to a teacher is to see his or her students grow up to be useful members of society. The Chinese idiom “taoli mantianxia” refers to this, using peach and plum trees as a metaphor for a great number of students. Why are students compared to these two types of trees?
The idiom comes from Zizhi, an official who lived in the State of Wei during the Spring and Autumn Period. Zizhi was a knowledgeable person. But he was not well liked by the king at the time, so he had to leave his state. To make a living, he set up a private school and started to teach students.
As a teacher, Zizhi was kind and wise. He chose students no matter what their social status was. He often pointed at a peach tree and a plum tree in his yard when asking his students to work hard. “You should become a useful person and do work to benefit society, just like the peach and plum trees blooming and yielding fruit,” he said. Keeping these words in their minds, many of Zizhi’s students went to different places around the country, achieving great things along the way. They would plant peach and plum trees to show their respect for their teacher. When Zizhi travelled around the country and saw his students and the trees they planted, he was very pleased. He said, “My students are like peach and plum trees. They are everywhere, and they have achieved great results.”
Since then, the phrase “peach and plum trees” has been used to refer to students who have been successful in their post-study careers.
()1. Why did Zizhi leave his state?
A. Because he wanted to learn new things.
B. Because he enjoyed travelling.
C. Because the king didn’t like him.
D. Because he wanted to be a teacher.
()2. What can we know from the third paragraph?
A. Zizhi only taught students with high social status.
B. Zizhi asked his students to become useful people.
C. Zizhi planted a lot of peach and plum trees.
D. Zizhi enjoyed watching trees bear fruit.
()3. What does the underlined word “yielding” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Moving.
B. Sending.
C. Buying.
D. Producing.
()4. Why did Zizhi’s students plant peach and plum trees?
A. Because they wanted to send fruit to Zizhi.
B. Because they had the same hobbies as Zizhi.
C. Because they wanted to show respect for Zizhi.
D. Because they made a living by growing them.

本文主要介绍了用“桃李”指代学生的起源。春秋时期的子质教了很多学生,学生种植了很多桃树和李树来向子质表示尊重,从此人们开始用“桃李”指代学生。
1. C 细节理解题。由第二段中的“But he was not well liked by the king at the time, so he had to leave his state.”可知答案。
2. B 细节理解题。由第三段中的“You should become a useful person and do work to benefit society ...”可知,子质要求学生成为有用的人。
3. D 词义猜测题。由画线词前的blooming及后面的fruit可推知,yielding意为“出产(作物)”,与D选项意思相近。
4. C 细节理解题。由第三段中的“They would plant peach and plum trees to show their respect for their teacher.”可知,学生们种桃树和李树是为了对老师表示尊重。