五、传统文化 阅读理解。
Weiqi, also known as Go in English, is a black and white board game from ancient China. The game is considered one of the Four Arts for ancient Chinese literators(文人) to master. Besides Weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy(shu), painting(hua) and guqin playing(qin).
Weiqi has a history of over 4,000 years, even older than Chinese chess. According to some historical records, Weiqi was known as Yi in its early years. It is said to have been invented by Emperor Yao. Seeing that his son got angry easily and didn't like to study, the emperor was quite worried. So he decided to find something to educate his son, and a board game came to him.
The rules of Weiqi are simple: using black and white stones, two players take turns putting their stones on empty cross points of the board. The aim is to surround(包围) a larger total area on the board while stopping one's own stones from being taken by the other side. Stones do not move and are only taken off the board if they are completely surrounded.
The scene of two people playing Weiqi appears in many traditional Chinese paintings. The image(形象) of a player holding a stone over the board, looking for a place to put it, was later turned into a famous Chinese idiom(成语), which means "unsure about making a move". The idiom is still widely used today.
With its development, Weiqi grew more popular. Later, it spread to other Asian countries and Western countries. Today, it has become an international board game.
()1. What are the Four Arts mentioned in the passage?
①Weiqi. ②Painting. ③Chinese calligraphy. ④Guqin playing. ⑤Dancing.
A. ①②③④ B. ①②③⑤ C. ①②④⑤ D. ①③④⑤
()2. Why did Emperor Yao invent Weiqi according to Paragraph 2?
A. To have some fun. B. To teach himself.
C. To educate his son. D. To help his people.
()3. In which part of a newspaper can you probably read this passage?
A. Music. B. News. C. Movies. D. Culture.
()4. What is the best title for the passage?
A. History of Chinese chess B. Game of black and white
C. Beauty of Four Arts in China D. Development of Chinese idioms

1. A 【点拨】根据“Besides Weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy (shu), painting (hua) and guqin playing (qin).”可知,琴棋书画被称为“四艺”。故选 A。
2. C 【点拨】根据“Seeing that his son got angry easily and didn't like to study, the emperor was quite worried. So he decided to find something to educate his son, and a board game came to him.”可知尧帝发明围棋是为了教育他的儿子。故选 C。
3. D 【点拨】本文主要介绍了围棋的历史、规则以及其在文化中的地位,属于文化类内容。故选 D。
4. B 【点拨】本文主要介绍了围棋的历史、规则以及其在文化中的地位,强调了围棋作为一种黑白棋类游戏的特点,选项 B“黑白游戏”概括了文章主旨,适合作文章标题。故选 B。

【分析】
这是一篇关于围棋的传统文化阅读理解题，共4道题，分别考查细节查找、细节理解、推理判断（报纸板块）、主旨大意。解题时需根据题目要求定位原文对应信息：第1题定位第一段最后一句找“四艺”内容；第2题定位第二段中尧发明围棋的原因；第3题结合文章主题判断所属报纸板块；第4题概括文章主旨选标题。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段最后一句“Besides Weiqi, they had to learn Chinese calligraphy (shu), painting (hua) and guqin playing (qin).”可知，“四艺”为围棋、书法、绘画、古琴，对应选项A。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“Seeing that his son got angry easily and didn't like to study, the emperor was quite worried. So he decided to find something to educate his son...”可知，尧帝发明围棋是为了教育儿子，选C。
3. 推理判断题：文章围绕围棋的历史、规则及文化地位展开，属于传统文化范畴，应在报纸的文化板块，选D。
4. 主旨大意题：文章核心介绍围棋（黑白棋类游戏），“Game of black and white”贴合主旨，选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解、主旨大意）、传统文化
【点评】
本题为传统文化类阅读理解题，侧重考查学生对文章细节信息的定位能力、主旨概括能力及推理判断能力，题目设置基础，需学生仔细阅读原文提取关键信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7