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四、阅读理解。
主题群:人际沟通 子主题:人际交往 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
[2025连云港期中]Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? There are three different kinds of friends: "pest friends" "guest friends" and "best friends".
The first kind of friend is almost an acquaintance(泛泛之交). All you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school, at work, or on the bus, but unlike "best friends", you don't miss them when they're not around. When this kind of friend does something bad, you don't tell them. That is why they are called "pest friends".
The second kind of friend could also be called a "social partner". They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their families. You may have the same interest and often do something together in your free time, but you don't talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or dreams, and they don't open up to you how they really feel.
The last kind of friend, the "best friend", is the one you know the deepest. You are like family members, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other's houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will help you when you're wrong. Sometimes they may not be perfect, but at least they will always care about you, and never do anything on purpose(故意地) to hurt you.
We all have our pest, guest and best friends. We should value all friendships and remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances.
1. If you and John are neighbours and classmates, and do things together, but don't share your feelings, you are "".
A. pest friends
B. guest friends
C. best friends
D. true friends
2. The fourth paragraph mainly tells us .
A. how to make a best friend
B. how to learn from your best friends
C. what a best friend is
D. when a best friend can help you
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Pest friends are more important than guest friends.
B. We miss our best friends when we're not with them.
C. A best friend never does something bad to you.
D. A "pest friend" will never become your best friend.
4. (创新考法·篇章结构)Which of the following shows the structure(结构) of the passage?
A. ①/②③④⑤
B. ①/②③④/⑤
C. ①/②/③④⑤
D. ①/②③/④/⑤
主题群:人际沟通 子主题:人际交往 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
[2025连云港期中]Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? There are three different kinds of friends: "pest friends" "guest friends" and "best friends".
The first kind of friend is almost an acquaintance(泛泛之交). All you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school, at work, or on the bus, but unlike "best friends", you don't miss them when they're not around. When this kind of friend does something bad, you don't tell them. That is why they are called "pest friends".
The second kind of friend could also be called a "social partner". They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their families. You may have the same interest and often do something together in your free time, but you don't talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or dreams, and they don't open up to you how they really feel.
The last kind of friend, the "best friend", is the one you know the deepest. You are like family members, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other's houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will help you when you're wrong. Sometimes they may not be perfect, but at least they will always care about you, and never do anything on purpose(故意地) to hurt you.
We all have our pest, guest and best friends. We should value all friendships and remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances.
1. If you and John are neighbours and classmates, and do things together, but don't share your feelings, you are "".
A. pest friends
B. guest friends
C. best friends
D. true friends
2. The fourth paragraph mainly tells us .
A. how to make a best friend
B. how to learn from your best friends
C. what a best friend is
D. when a best friend can help you
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Pest friends are more important than guest friends.
B. We miss our best friends when we're not with them.
C. A best friend never does something bad to you.
D. A "pest friend" will never become your best friend.
4. (创新考法·篇章结构)Which of the following shows the structure(结构) of the passage?
A. ①/②③④⑤
B. ①/②③④/⑤
C. ①/②/③④⑤
D. ①/②③/④/⑤
答案
1. B
2. C 段落大意题。根据“The last kind of friend, the 'best friend', is the one you know the deepest.”可知答案。
3. B 推理判断题。与第二段描述 pest friends 时的 you don't miss them when they're not around 形成对比。既然对 pest friends 不会想念，那么对亲密的 best friends 自然会想念。
4. B 篇章结构题。第一段引出主题“人们有不同的三种朋友”；第二、三和四段讲述三种朋友的特征；最后一段总结全文。本文是“总—分—总”结构。
2. C 段落大意题。根据“The last kind of friend, the 'best friend', is the one you know the deepest.”可知答案。
3. B 推理判断题。与第二段描述 pest friends 时的 you don't miss them when they're not around 形成对比。既然对 pest friends 不会想念，那么对亲密的 best friends 自然会想念。
4. B 篇章结构题。第一段引出主题“人们有不同的三种朋友”；第二、三和四段讲述三种朋友的特征；最后一段总结全文。本文是“总—分—总”结构。
解析
【分析】做本题需先通读全文，明确文章围绕三种朋友的类型及特征展开，再针对每道题的考点定位原文信息：第1题是细节理解，需匹配题干描述与对应朋友类型；第2题是段落大意，需概括第四段核心内容；第3题是推理判断，需结合原文对不同朋友的描述推导结论；第4题是篇章结构，需梳理文章各段落的功能划分。
【解析】1. 细节理解题：根据第三段对guest friends的描述，这类朋友比泛泛之交亲近，但不会分享深层想法，常一起做事，与题干“邻居、同学，一起做事但不分享感受”匹配，故选B。
2. 段落大意题：第四段开篇点明核心“the 'best friend', is the one you know the deepest”，后续围绕best friend的特点展开，主要介绍什么是best friend，故选C。
3. 推理判断题：第二段提到pest friends“you don't miss them when they're not around”，与之对比，best friends更亲密，可推知我们会想念best friends，B项正确；A项原文未提及朋友重要性对比；C项原文说best friends“sometimes they may not be perfect”；D项原文提到best friends始于泛泛之交，故排除，选B。
4. 篇章结构题：第一段总起引出三种朋友的主题，第二至四段分述三种朋友的特征，第五段总结全文，为“总—分—总”结构，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解；细节理解；篇章结构
【点评】本题围绕人际交往主题，考查阅读理解的多种核心题型，需学生准确提取细节、概括段落、合理推理及梳理文章结构，难度适中，符合期中测试的考查要求。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 细节理解题：根据第三段对guest friends的描述，这类朋友比泛泛之交亲近，但不会分享深层想法，常一起做事，与题干“邻居、同学，一起做事但不分享感受”匹配，故选B。
2. 段落大意题：第四段开篇点明核心“the 'best friend', is the one you know the deepest”，后续围绕best friend的特点展开，主要介绍什么是best friend，故选C。
3. 推理判断题：第二段提到pest friends“you don't miss them when they're not around”，与之对比，best friends更亲密，可推知我们会想念best friends，B项正确；A项原文未提及朋友重要性对比；C项原文说best friends“sometimes they may not be perfect”；D项原文提到best friends始于泛泛之交，故排除，选B。
4. 篇章结构题：第一段总起引出三种朋友的主题，第二至四段分述三种朋友的特征，第五段总结全文，为“总—分—总”结构，对应选项B，故选B。
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解；细节理解；篇章结构
【点评】本题围绕人际交往主题，考查阅读理解的多种核心题型，需学生准确提取细节、概括段落、合理推理及梳理文章结构，难度适中，符合期中测试的考查要求。
【难度系数】0.6
