三、词汇运用。
主题群:自然生态 子主题:热爱与敬畏自然 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
The world's largest rainforest, the Amazon, grows across several countries and 1. c about 40 percent of South America. It produces about one-fifth of the earth's oxygen. People 2. c it "the lungs of our planet".
However, the rainforest is in 3. d now. A large fire broke out in the Amazon not long ago. And then, it has lasted for over 20 4. d.
In fact, the Amazon has seen a large number of fires in 2019. 5. B January and August, there were over 74,000 fires—the highest number since 2013.
Most of the fires came 6. f human activities. Farmers in the Amazon have long used fire to prepare land for planting. But these fires can 7. e get out of control.
The Brazilian 8. g has sent soldiers to fight the fires. But scientists have said that it will 9. t around 20 to 40 years to rebuild the forest's ecosystem. They have 10. a said that the fires have destroyed 15 to 17 percent of the rainforest.

1. covers 2. call 3. danger 4. days 5. Between 6. from 7. easily 8. government 9. take 10. also

【分析】
本题为首字母填空题，主题围绕亚马逊雨林展开，需结合上下文语境、固定搭配及语法知识，根据首字母提示填写正确形式的单词。解题时先通读全文把握主旨，再逐个分析每个空格的前后逻辑、搭配要求，同时注意单词的形式变化（如第三人称单数、名词复数、副词变形、首字母大写等）。
【解析】
1. 句意：亚马逊雨林覆盖南美约40%的区域。主语the Amazon为第三人称单数，谓语动词用cover的第三人称单数形式covers。
2. 句意：人们称它为“地球之肺”。固定搭配call sb/sth sth，主语people为复数，用动词原形call。
3. 句意：然而，这片雨林现在处于危险中。固定搭配in danger（处于危险中），填名词danger。
4. 句意：大火已经持续了20多天。day为可数名词，20后接复数形式days。
5. 句意：在一月和八月之间，有超过74000起火灾。固定搭配between...and...（在…和…之间），首字母大写为Between。
6. 句意：大多数火灾来自人类活动。固定搭配come from（来自），填介词from。
7. 句意：但这些火很容易失控。修饰动词短语get out of control需用副词，easy的副词形式为easily。
8. 句意：巴西政府派士兵灭火。结合语境，填名词government（政府）。
9. 句意：重建雨林生态系统将花费20到40年。固定句型it takes +时间+to do sth，will后接动词原形take。
10. 句意：科学家也说火灾已经摧毁了15%-17%的雨林。also表示“也”，用于实义动词前，填also。
【答案】
covers, call, danger, days, Between, from, easily, government, take, also
【知识点】
首字母填空、固定搭配、词汇变形
【点评】
本题围绕自然生态主题考查首字母填空，侧重词汇运用与固定搭配的掌握，需结合语境和语法规则作答，难度适中，适合中等水平学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6

四、信息还原(有两项是多余选项)。
主题群:自然生态 子主题:自然景观 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
"Look! A black-faced spoonbill!" said Yan Zihan, a student from Shenzhen, Guangdong. Yan felt very excited to see these birds in the mangrove forest(红树林) at Futian.
"Spoonbills can live happily in Shenzhen. 1. They are special plants that grow in warm places by the sea," said an expert.
2. China's mangrove area has increased from 22,000 hectares(公顷) in 2001 to 30,300 hectares in 2025, making it one of the few countries in the world with an increase in mangrove areas. The world's first international mangrove centre was set up in Shenzhen. The city is home to 296.18 hectares of mangroves. 3. For example, back in the 1990s when the city was building a highway along the coast, instead of just knocking down the mangroves, the local government chose to move the highway 260 metres to the north. This helped to save the important mangrove ecosystem in the city.
4. People host fun events like the spoonbill festival and the otter(水獭) festival. People can join in games and create picture books about the animals. 5. Since 2019, thousands of students and teachers have taken part in educational activities about wetlands at the park.
A. China works hard to protect mangroves.
B. Spoonbills are very beautiful and rare birds.
C. Mangroves provide them with food and shelter.
D. Local people also organize some festivals to celebrate.
E. The local government always tries to protect mangroves.
F. Students can learn about nature through those programmes.
G. This proves that human and nature can live together in harmony.

1. C 根据下一句可知，此处提到一种植物，C选项“红树林提供给它们食物和庇护所”符合语境。
2. A 根据下一句可知，本段介绍中国在保护红树林方面做的努力，A选项符合语境。
3. E 根据后面语句可知，本段介绍当地政府在保护红树林方面做的努力，E选项符合语境。
4. D 根据下一句可知，此处介绍人们会举办一些活动，D选项符合语境。
5. F 根据下一句可知，此处介绍学生们也加入到这些活动中来，F选项符合语境。

【分析】
信息还原题需结合上下文语境、逻辑关系及关键词指代来选择选项。第1空前文提到勺嘴鹬在深圳生活，后文引出红树林这种植物，需找勺嘴鹬与红树林的关联；第2空后文讲中国红树林面积增长的保护成果，需选总领本段的内容；第3空后文举当地政府保护红树林的例子，需匹配举例主体；第4空后文提到举办节日活动，需对应活动相关内容；第5空后文说师生参与教育活动，需匹配参与主体的内容。
【解析】
1. 选C：前文说明勺嘴鹬能在深圳快乐生活，后文提到红树林这种海边暖地的特殊植物，C选项指出红树林为勺嘴鹬提供食物和庇护所，衔接上下文逻辑。
2. 选A：后文介绍中国红树林面积增长、建立国际红树林中心等保护举措，A选项“中国努力保护红树林”总领本段内容。
3. 选E：后文举例当地政府调整公路路线以保护红树林，E选项“当地政府总是努力保护红树林”与举例主体一致，符合语境。
4. 选D：后文提到举办勺嘴鹬节、水獭节等活动，D选项“当地人们也组织一些节日来庆祝”与下文活动内容衔接。
5. 选F：后文说明师生参加湿地教育活动，F选项“学生可以通过这些项目了解自然”与下文参与主体及内容对应。
【答案】
1.C 2.A 3.E 4.D 5.F
【知识点】
信息还原、语篇衔接、语境推理
【点评】
本题围绕自然生态主题设置信息还原题，难度中等，需通过分析上下文的逻辑关系、主体指代及内容呼应来解题，考查学生的语篇理解与语境衔接能力。
【难度系数】
0.6