Ⅱ.阅读短文,根据短文内容或提示词填空。
Talking about the weather 1. (be) a common way to start a talk. People
usually begin 2. ______ (they) talks with the topic of weather, for example, "Isn't it
a nice day?" "Do you think it will rain?" "What 3. fine day!"
Many people think they can tell 4. the weather is going to be like. But
they hardly agree 5. each other. One man may say, "Do you see it is not
6. (cloud) in the east? It's going to be fine tomorrow. " Another man will say,
"No, it's going 7. (rain) tomorrow. "
Many people hope the weather will be like what they want to be. When friends have
a trip, they are sure the weather is going to clear up very 8. (quick). When a
9. (farm) needs water, he will look for something to tell him it's going to be
rainy. He won't believe anything else.
The weather forecast is not always right. Sometimes the weatherman
makes mistakes too. However, almost everyone 10. (listen) to the weather
forecast although the weatherman doesn't always tell us what we want.

Ⅱ 1. is 2. their 3. a 4. what 5. with
6. cloudy 7. to rain 8. quickly 9. farmer 10. listens

【分析】
这是一篇初中英语短文语法填空题，解题时首先通读全文，明确文章整体时态为一般现在时，主题围绕日常以聊天气开启对话的相关内容展开。接下来逐个空推导：
1. 先判断主语形式，动名词作主语时谓语动词需用单数，匹配一般现在时的be动词形式；
2. 空后是名词talks，需要把主格they转换为形容词性物主代词修饰名词；
3. 识别出这是what引导的感叹句，符合"what a/an+形容词+可数名词单数"的结构，补充对应冠词；
4. 空处引导宾语从句作tell的宾语，匹配"what the weather is going to be like"的固定表达，确定引导词；
5. 回忆固定搭配agree with sb，表示认同对方的观点；
6. 空前是be动词，后面需要接形容词作表语，将名词cloud转换为对应形容词；
7. 匹配一般将来时的be going to do结构，填入不定式形式；
8. 空处修饰动词短语clear up，需要把形容词quick转换为副词作状语；
9. 空前有不定冠词a，需要填入表示对应职业的可数名词单数，将farm转换为表示农民的farmer；
10. 不定代词everyone作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数，将listen变为对应三单形式。
【解析】
1. 动名词短语Talking about the weather作主语，视为单数，全文为一般现在时，因此be动词填is；
2. 空后是名词talks，需要形容词性物主代词修饰，they的形容词性物主代词为their；
3. 此处是what引导的感叹句，结构为"What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数!"，fine以辅音音素开头，填不定冠词a；
4. 此处引导宾语从句，作tell的宾语，固定表达what the weather will be like表示天气状况，填引导词what；
5. 固定搭配agree with each other意为"彼此认同对方的看法"，填介词with；
6. 系动词is后需要接形容词作表语，cloud的形容词形式为cloudy，意为多云的；
7. 一般将来时结构be going to do sth.表示将要发生的动作，填不定式to rain；
8. 修饰动词短语clear up需要用副词作状语，quick的副词形式为quickly；
9. 空前有不定冠词a，此处指代农民这个职业，farm对应的职业名词为farmer；
10. 不定代词everyone作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数，一般现在时中listen变为listens。
【答案】
1. is 2. their 3. a 4. what 5. with
6. cloudy 7. to rain 8. quickly 9. farmer 10. listens
【知识点】
1. 主谓一致
2. 词类转换
3. 固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题是初中阶段的基础语法填空题型，考点全部围绕初中核心基础语法点设置，大部分空给出了提示词，仅少量无提示词空考察冠词、宾语从句引导词，整体难度偏低，学生只要掌握基础的词性变化规则、常用固定搭配和基础句法规则，就可以顺利完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.7

Ⅲ.阅读短文,选择正确的答案。
The weather forecast is very important in our daily lives. It helps us make our daily
plans. There are many kinds of ways to help forecast the weather.
Weather stations
Weather stations use sensors and instruments to monitor the weather. They
collect information about the temperature, humidity, wind speed and so on. Their
findings are an important part of the weather forecast.
Weather balloons
Meteorologists send weather balloons into the sky. They can get more
information about the weather. It helps meteorologists to predict the weather well.
Radar systems
Radar systems are also very important. They can provide real-time updates on storms or typhoons.
Weather satellites
Weather satellites are a great help to forecast the weather. They are in space, and
they can take pictures of the atmosphere of the earth. They send these pictures
back, and meteorologists study the pictures carefully. Then, they can make a good
weather forecast.
Meteorologists could forecast the weather for about 24 or 48 hours before. Now they
can make good forecasts for three or five days with the help of these ways. Perhaps, they
may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more soon. This will help people have
a better life.
() 1. Why is the weather forecast important in our daily life?
A.Because it helps us take a good trip.
B.Because it helps us take a good break.
C.Because it helps us make more money.
D.Because it helps us make our daily plans.
() 2. What does the underlined world "predict" mean in the third paragraph?
A.面对 B.改变 C.预测 D.理解
() 3. How can the meteorologists make a good weather forecast with the help of
weather satellites?
A.They enjoy the pictures from the weather satellites.
B.They study the pictures from the weather satellites carefully.
C.They collect the pictures from the weather satellites carefully.
D.They pay attention to the pictures from the weather satellites.
() 4. What's the structure of the passage?
A.①/②③④⑤⑥
B.①②③④⑤/⑥
C.①/②③④⑤/⑥
D.①②/③④/⑤⑥
() 5. What's the main idea of this passage?
A. Weather stations.
B. Weather satellites.
C. The weather forecast.
D. The ways to help forecast the weather.

Ⅲ 1.D 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D

【分析】
这是一篇介绍天气预报相关知识的说明文阅读，解题时可以按照以下思路推进：1. 先快速通读全文，明确文章的大致内容和行文逻辑；2. 针对每道题目提取题干的核心关键词，回到原文对应段落精准定位，将选项和原文内容逐一比对，排除无中生有、表述不符的错误选项；3. 词义猜测题结合上下文语境推导生词含义，结构题梳理段落的功能划分，主旨题区分局部细节和全文核心，选出最贴合的答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：定位到原文第一段前两句"The weather forecast is very important in our daily lives. It helps us make our daily plans."，直接对应D选项，A、B、C的内容原文均未提及，因此选D。
2. 词义猜测题：结合上下文，气象学家放飞气象气球是为了获取更多气象相关信息，目的是提前预判天气情况，因此划线单词predict的含义是“预测”，选C。
3. 细节理解题：定位到Weather satellites部分的描述"They send these pictures back, and meteorologists study the pictures carefully. Then, they can make a good weather forecast."，可知气象学家是通过仔细研究卫星传回的图片来完成精准预报，对应B选项，其余选项表述均不符合原文内容，选B。
4. 文章结构题：第1段总起，点明天气预报很重要，且存在多种辅助预报天气的方式；第2-5段分别介绍气象站、气象气球、雷达系统、气象卫星四种具体的预报辅助手段；第6段介绍预报技术的发展，说明预报时长的变化，整体为三层结构，对应选项C。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕各类帮助预报天气的方法展开，A、B都只是文中的局部细节，C选项范围过于宽泛，只有D最贴合全文核心内容，选D。
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，词义猜测，主旨把握
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的说明文阅读，绝大多数题目都可以通过原文直接定位得到答案，重点考察学生快速提取文本信息的能力，同时引导学生梳理文章的行文逻辑，避免出现把局部细节当成全文主旨的常见错误。
【难度系数】
0.7