What is a tsunami? Tsunamis are often caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions(火山喷发). The average speed of the waves is 300 mph, and the waves can last from five minutes to an hour.
What to do in a tsunami?
Firstly, when a strong earthquake is felt, leave the water at once, get to the shore(海岸) and move as far away from the beach as you can. If it allows, go to higher ground.
Secondly, turn on the TV for news and weather reports. They will tell you more about the tsunami.
Thirdly, get all members of your family together and let everyone know the tsunami is coming. Choose a place to stay together. Make sure the place is safe and as far away from the shore as possible. Bring emergency supplies when you have to leave your house.
At last, if you find a huge wave is coming, climb onto the roof of your house or to the highest point of the nearest building. Hold on to anything that's strong enough. Climb a tree if you have to.
In a tsunami, the only way to survive it is to be prepared.
()1. When a tsunami comes, the waves will .
A. move as fast as 300 mph
B. become stronger before the earthquake
C. cause heavy rain
D. last shorter and shorter
()2. How many suggestions are mentioned in this passage?
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five.
()3. When a tsunami is coming, your family had better .
A. go to the beach together
B. stay in a safe place together
C. stay in your house
D. put emergency supplies at lower ground
()4. We should do the following things when a tsunami is coming EXCEPT .
A. listening to the weather reports
B. going to a low place to keep safe
C. getting emergency supplies ready
D. leaving the water as far away as you can
()5.【标题归纳题】What is the best title for the passage?
A. How to Keep Safe in the Water
B. What a Tsunami Is
C. What to Do After a Tsunami
D. How to Survive a Tsunami

1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. D

【分析】
这是一篇关于海啸的科普类阅读理解题，包含细节理解题和主旨归纳题。解题思路为：先通读全文把握文章大意，再针对每个小题的问题，回到原文定位对应信息，逐一比对选项，排除错误选项，最终选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“The average speed of the waves is 300 mph”可知，海啸波的平均速度为300英里每小时，对应选项A；B选项原文未提及海啸在地震前变强，C选项海啸由地震或火山喷发引发，不会导致大雨，D选项原文说明波浪持续5分钟至1小时，并非越来越短，故答案为A。
2. 细节理解题：原文明确提到应对海啸的建议有4条：①地震时立刻离开水域去高地；②看电视获取新闻；③集合家人去安全处；④巨浪来时爬高处，对应选项C，故答案为C。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第三点建议“get all members of your family together... Choose a place to stay together. Make sure the place is safe...”可知，海啸来临时家人最好一起待在安全的地方，对应选项B；A选项去海滩、C选项待在家里、D选项应急物资放在低地均不符合原文，故答案为B。
4. 细节理解题（选非题）：原文强调要前往高地避险，选项B“去低地保持安全”与原文不符；A选项听天气预报、C选项准备应急物资、D选项离开水域均为正确做法，故答案为B。
5. 主旨归纳题：全文围绕“海啸是什么”及“海啸来临时如何应对”展开，核心是如何在海啸中生存，对应选项D；A选项偏离主题，B选项仅覆盖部分内容，C选项是海啸后的做法，均不全面，故答案为D。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨归纳题
【点评】
本题为科普类阅读理解，题目以基础细节考查为主，辅以主旨归纳，整体难度较低，学生只要能准确定位原文信息即可顺利解答，适合初中阶段学生巩固阅读理解能力。
【难度系数】
0.8