一、从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。
support short socialist government product
1. Because of the sudden snowstorm, there is a of fresh vegetables in the local market this week.
2. The has passed many laws to protect the environment.
3. If the school our idea, we will organize a charity sale next month.
4. Before buying electronic , we should compare prices and read reviews on the internet.
5. Those great are trying their best to help build a better society.

1. shortage
2. government
3. supports
4. products
5. socialists

【分析】
本题为选词并用正确形式填空的题型，解题思路为：先明确方框内单词的词义与词性，再结合每个句子的语境、语法结构（如冠词搭配、主谓一致、名词单复数等），确定每个空所需的词及正确变形。
【解析】
1. 句意：由于突发暴风雪，本周当地市场新鲜蔬菜短缺。a后需接名词，short的名词形式为shortage，a shortage of是固定搭配，意为“短缺”，故填shortage。
2. 句意：政府通过了许多保护环境的法律。句子缺主语，谓语为单数形式has passed，需单数名词作主语，government（政府）符合语境，故填government。
3. 句意：如果学校支持我们的想法，我们下个月将组织慈善义卖。if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；主语the school是第三人称单数，谓语动词support需变第三人称单数形式supports，故填supports。
4. 句意：购买电子产品前，我们应在网上比价、看评论。electronic是形容词，后接名词；product是可数名词，此处指各类电子产品，需用复数products，故填products。
5. 句意：那些伟大的社会主义者正尽力建设更好的社会。those后接可数名词复数，socialist的复数为socialists，符合语境，故填socialists。
【答案】
1. shortage；2. government；3. supports；4. products；5. socialists
【知识点】
选词填空、词性转换、主谓一致
【点评】
本题为基础选词填空题，主要考查词汇词义、词性及形式变化的运用，解题需结合语境和语法规则确定单词正确形式，适合基础阶段学生巩固练习。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、根据要求完成下列各题,每空一词。
1. There used to be sandstorms all the time. (改为一般疑问句)
there be sandstorms all the time?
2. The environment is getting better in our city now. (对画线部分提问)
the environment in your city now?
3. The corn fields outside of the town were getting smaller and smaller. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
— the corn fields outside of the town smaller and smaller?
— Yes, .
4. They have planted many bushes and trees in sandy areas since then. (对画线部分提问)
in sandy areas since then?
5. The local people worked by hand at first. (对画线部分提问)
the local people at first?

1. Did there use to be sandstorms all the time?
2. How is the environment in your city now?
3. — Were the corn fields outside of the town getting smaller and smaller?
— Yes, they were.
4. What have they planted in sandy areas since then?
5. How did the local people work at first?

【分析】
1. 第1题考查used to结构的一般疑问句转换，used to的一般疑问句需借助助动词did，其后动词use用原形，遵循“Did + 主语 + use to + 其他”的结构；
2. 第2题考查对描述状态变化的表语提问，用疑问词How，主语environment为单数，be动词用is，遵循“How + be动词 + 主语 + 其他”的结构；
3. 第3题考查过去进行时的一般疑问句及回答，过去进行时结构为“was/were + 现在分词”，变一般疑问句时将be动词Were提前，回答中用they指代复数名词the corn fields；
4. 第4题考查对物（宾语）提问，用疑问词What，句子为现在完成时，助动词have提前，遵循“What + have + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他”的结构；
5. 第5题考查对方式状语提问，用疑问词How，句子为一般过去时，需借助助动词did，其后动词work用原形，遵循“How + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他”的结构。
【解析】
1. 原句为There used to be...，变一般疑问句时，借助助动词did，used还原为use，故答案为Did; use to；
2. 画线部分描述环境的变化状态，用How提问，主语environment是单数，be动词用is，故答案为How is；
3. 原句是过去进行时（were getting），变一般疑问句将be动词Were提前，回答中用they指代the corn fields，肯定回答为Yes, they were，故答案为Were; getting; they were；
4. 画线部分是种植的事物，用What提问，句子为现在完成时，助动词have提前，主语是they，故答案为What have they planted；
5. 画线部分是工作的方式，用How提问，句子为一般过去时，借助助动词did，动词work还原，故答案为How did; work。
【答案】
1. Did there use to be sandstorms all the time?
2. How is the environment in your city now?
3. — Were the corn fields outside of the town getting smaller and smaller?
— Yes, they were.
4. What have they planted in sandy areas since then?
5. How did the local people work at first?
【知识点】
英语句式转换、特殊疑问句、时态运用
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础语法题，涵盖used to结构、不同时态的一般疑问句及特殊疑问句转换，是英语学习的核心基础考点，需熟练掌握各类句式的助动词、be动词变化规则，整体难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.3

三、根据汉语意思翻译下列句子,每空一词。
1. 在过去的20年里,这个村庄的生活发生了很大的变化。
Life in this village quite a lot over the last 20 years.
2. 新的公路和铁路起到了很大的帮助作用,这个城镇成了一个旅游胜地。
The new highway and railway a lot, and the town has become .
3. 这个村庄新建了一家医院和一座图书馆,它们极大地改善了村民们的生活。
The village a new hospital and a library, and they the villagers' lives greatly.
4. 我对你的家乡变得如此绿意盎然感到惊讶!
I'm by your hometown has become!
5. 她过去在小农场里种植一些蔬菜,但现在她有了大型的高科技温室。在那里,她种植成吨的水果和蔬菜。
She a few vegetables on a small farm, but now she has large, . There she grows fruit and vegetables.

1. Life in this village has changed quite a lot over the last 20 years.
2. The new highway and railway have helped a lot, and the town has become a tourist attraction.
3. The village has built a new hospital and a library, and they have improved the villagers' lives greatly.
4. I'm amazed by how green your hometown has become!
5. She used to grow a few vegetables on a small farm, but now she has large, high-tech greenhouses. There she grows tons of fruit and vegetables.

【分析】
本题为英语句子翻译填空，需结合时间状语确定时态，掌握固定短语、句型结构及常用表达。解题思路：1. 根据时间标志词判断时态（如over the last 20 years对应现在完成时），结合主语单复数确定助动词；2. 牢记固定短语（如旅游胜地、过去常常、成吨的）；3. 掌握感叹句结构（how+形容词+主语+谓语）及固定搭配（be amazed by）；4. 注意名词复数的正确使用。
【解析】
1. 时间状语over the last 20 years是现在完成时的标志，主语life为单数，故用has+过去分词，填has; changed。
2. 前半句表新设施对现在的帮助，用现在完成时，主语为复数，故用have helped；“旅游胜地”固定短语为a tourist attraction，填have; helped; a; tourist; attraction。
3. 村庄“建成”用现在完成时，主语village为单数，故用has built；“改善生活”用现在完成时，主语they为复数，故用have improved，填has; built; have; improved。
4. 固定搭配be amazed by（对……感到惊讶）；感叹句结构为how+形容词+主语+谓语，此处修饰形容词green，填amazed; how; green。
5. “过去常常做某事”固定结构used to do；“高科技温室”为high-tech greenhouses（复数表类别）；“成吨的”固定短语tons of，填used; to; grow; high-tech; greenhouses; tons; of。
【答案】
1. has; changed
2. have; helped; a; tourist; attraction
3. has; built; have; improved
4. amazed; how; green
5. used; to; grow; high-tech; greenhouses; tons; of
【知识点】
现在完成时，固定短语，感叹句结构
【点评】
本题考查英语基础语法与时态、固定表达的综合运用，是初中英语常见题型，需掌握时态标志词、固定搭配及句型结构，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6