Ⅱ. 完成句子:用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Many famous (history) have studied the life of this great leader.
2. Marie Curie studied (chemist) and physics at university.
3. The (wound) soldiers were sent to the hospital immediately.
4. Tu Youyou's dedication to medical research is truly (admire).
5. People around the world come from different (nation).

1. historians 2. chemistry 3. wounded 4. admirable 5. nations

【分析】
本题为用所给单词适当形式完成句子，需结合语境、语法规则（如名词复数、词性转换、形容词用法）分析每小题：1. many后接可数名词复数，需转换history为表“历史学家”的名词复数；2. study后接学科名词，区分chemist（化学家）和chemistry（化学）；3. 修饰名词soldiers需用形容词，转换wound为形容词；4. is后需形容词作表语，转换admire为形容词；5. different后接可数名词复数，转换nation为复数形式。
【解析】
1. 句意：许多著名的历史学家研究过这位伟大领袖的生平。many修饰可数名词复数，history对应的“历史学家”为historian，复数加s，故填historians。
2. 句意：居里夫人在大学学习化学和物理。study后接学科名词，chemist指人，学科为chemistry，故填chemistry。
3. 句意：受伤的士兵立即被送往医院。修饰名词soldiers需用形容词，wound的形容词形式为wounded，故填wounded。
4. 句意：屠呦呦对医学研究的奉献真的令人钦佩。is后接形容词作表语，admire的形容词为admirable，故填admirable。
5. 句意：世界各地的人来自不同的国家。different后接可数名词复数，nation的复数为nations，故填nations。
【答案】
1. historians 2. chemistry 3. wounded 4. admirable 5. nations
【知识点】
词性转换、可数名词复数、形容词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础的单词形式运用，涉及词性转换、名词复数、形容词作定语/表语等核心知识点，是初中英语基础题型，需学生掌握单词的不同词性及用法。
【难度系数】
0.6

★★★语法填空
Qian Xuesen, known 1. the "Father of China's Space Programme", was one of the 2. (great) scientists in China. He was born in Hangzhou in 1911. He studied in the USA and got his doctor's degree there. He became a 3. (fame) scientist in the USA and was good at rocket research.
In 1955, Qian Xuesen came 4. to China with his family. At that time, China's space technology was very backward. He 5. (lead) a team of scientists to start researching rockets and space technology. He worked day and night and overcame many 6. (difficult).
In 1970, China successfully sent its first man-made satellite into space under his leadership. This was 7. great achievement for China's space programme. Later, he also 8. (make) great contributions to China's missile and aircraft research.
Qian Xuesen devoted his whole life to China's science and technology development. He trained a lot of excellent 9. (science) for China. He died in 2009 10. the age of 98. He is a hero for all Chinese people, and his spirit will always inspire us.

1. as 2. greatest 3. famous 4. back 5. led 6. difficulties 7. a 8. made 9. scientists 10. at

【分析】
这是一道语法填空题，需结合固定搭配、词形变化、时态、冠词等语法知识逐个分析空格。解题思路：1. 先判断空格是否为固定搭配，直接对应短语填写；2. 分析空格在句中的成分，确定所需词性；3. 根据时间状语或语境判断动词时态；4. 注意数词（如one of、many）后的词形变化；5. 结合语境判断冠词的泛指/特指用法。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配be known as，意为“作为……而出名”，故填as；
2. 考查“one of + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”结构，表示“最……之一”，great的最高级为greatest，故填greatest；
3. 考查词性转换，此处修饰名词scientist需用形容词，fame的形容词形式为famous，故填famous；
4. 考查固定短语come back to，意为“回到”，故填back；
5. 考查一般过去时，描述1955年的动作，lead的过去式为led，故填led；
6. 考查名词复数，many后接可数名词复数，difficult的名词复数为difficulties，故填difficulties；
7. 考查不定冠词，此处泛指“一项伟大的成就”，great以辅音音素开头，故填a；
8. 考查一般过去时，描述过去的贡献，make的过去式为made，故填made；
9. 考查名词复数，a lot of后接可数名词复数，science对应的“科学家”复数为scientists，故填scientists；
10. 考查固定搭配at the age of，意为“在……岁时”，故填at。
【答案】
1. as 2. greatest 3. famous 4. back 5. led 6. difficulties 7. a 8. made 9. scientists 10. at
【知识点】
固定搭配、形容词最高级、一般过去时
【点评】
本题为基础语法填空题，考察初中核心语法点，如固定短语、词形转换、时态等，难度适中，学生掌握基础语法规则即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.5