2025年勤学早课时导练八年级数学上册人教版第47页答案
6. (教材变式)如图,P,F是OC上的两点,$PD⊥OA,PE⊥OB$,垂足分别为D,E,$PD= PE$,连接DF,EF,求证:$∠1= ∠2$.

答案

证明:$\because PD\perp OA,PE\perp OB,PD = PE$,
$\therefore \angle AOC=\angle BOC$。
$\because \angle DPO = 90^{\circ}-\angle AOC$,
$\angle EPO = 90^{\circ}-\angle BOC$,
$\therefore \angle DPO=\angle EPO$,
$\therefore \angle DPF=\angle EPF$。
$\because PD = PE,PF = PF$,
$\therefore \triangle DPF\cong \triangle EPF(SAS)$,
$\therefore \angle 1=\angle 2$。
7. (2025广安)如图,$CA= CD,CB= CE,∠ACD= ∠BCE$,AB与DE交于点M.
(1)求证:$AB= DE$;
(2)连接MC.求证:MC平分$∠BMD$.

答案

证明:(1)$\because \angle ACD=\angle BCE$,
$\therefore \angle BCE+\angle ACE=\angle ACD+\angle ACE$,
$\therefore \angle BCA=\angle ECD$。
又$\because BC = EC,AC = DC$,
$\therefore \triangle ABC\cong \triangle DEC(SAS)$,
$\therefore AB = DE$;
(2)过点$C$作$CG\perp AB$于点$G$,
$CH\perp DE$于点$H$。
$\because \triangle ABC\cong \triangle DEC$,
$\therefore \angle B=\angle E,BC = EC$。
$\because \angle BGC=\angle EHC = 90^{\circ}$,
$\therefore \triangle BGC\cong \triangle EHC(AAS)$,
$\therefore CG = CH$,
$\therefore MC$平分$\angle BMD$。
8. (教材变式)如图,$\triangle ABC的两外角∠BCD,∠CBE$的平分线交于点P.
(1)求证:点P在$∠BAC$的平分线上;
(2)若$∠CAB= 70^{\circ }$,则$∠CPB$的度数为____.

答案

解:(1)过点$P$分别作$AB,BC,CA$所在直线的垂线,垂足分别为$M,F,N$。
$\because CP$平分$\angle BCD,BP$平分$\angle CBE$,
$\therefore PN = PF,PF = PM$,
$\therefore PN = PM$,
$\therefore$点$P$在$\angle BAC$的平分线上;
(2)连接$AP$。
由(1)知$\angle CAP=\angle BAP = 35^{\circ}$,
$\therefore \angle NPA=\angle MPA = 90^{\circ}-35^{\circ}=55^{\circ}$,
$\therefore \angle MPN = 110^{\circ}$。
$\because CP$平分$\angle BCD,BP$平分$\angle CBE$,
$\angle PNC=\angle PFC=\angle PMB = 90^{\circ}$,
$\therefore \angle CPN=\angle CPF,\angle BPF=\angle BPM$,
$\therefore \angle CPB=\frac{1}{2}\angle NPM=\frac{1}{2}\times 110^{\circ}=55^{\circ}$。
9. (原创题)已知C为射线AD上一点,$∠DAP= ∠PBC,PA= PB$.
(1)如图1,求证:CP平分$∠DCB$;
(2)如图2,AP与BC交于点M,若$∠APB= 2∠CPA$,求证:$BM= AC+CM$.

答案

证明:(1)过点$P$作$PF\perp AD$于点$F$,$PE\perp BC$于点$E$,
$\therefore \angle PFA=\angle PEB = 90^{\circ}$。
$\because \angle DAP=\angle PBC,PA = PB$,
$\therefore \triangle PAF\cong \triangle PBE(AAS)$,
$\therefore PF = PE$。
$\because PF\perp AD,PE\perp BC$,
$\therefore CP$平分$\angle DCB$;
(2)在$CD$上截取$CE = CM$,连接$PE$。
由(1)得$CP$平分$\angle DCB$,
$\therefore \angle PCE=\angle PCM$。
$\because PC = PC$,
$\therefore \triangle PCE\cong \triangle PCM(SAS)$,
$\therefore \angle EPC=\angle MPC$。
$\because \angle APB = 2\angle CPA$,
$\therefore \angle APB=\angle APE$。
$\because \angle DAP=\angle PBC,PA = PB$,
$\therefore \triangle PBM\cong \triangle PAE(ASA)$,
$\therefore BM = AE = AC + CE = AC + CM$。