一、根据句意和汉语提示写单词,每空一词
1. We met a helpful （导游）who told us many old stories about this ancient town.
2. If you walk fast enough, you will （到达）the beautiful lake before the sun goes down.
3. It's hard to ride bikes on such （崎岖）roads when it rains heavily in the mountain.
4. People in my town have seen great （变化）in living conditions over the past ten years.
5. I miss my warm （家乡）and all my childhood friends living there every single day.

1. guide 2. reach 3. rough 4. changes
5. hometown

【分析】
这类题目要求结合句子语境和汉语提示填写正确的英文单词，需同时关注单词的词性、单复数等语法形式，确保填写的单词符合句意和句子结构要求。
【解析】
1. 句意：我们遇到了一位乐于助人的导游，他给我们讲了很多关于这个古镇的古老故事。“导游”对应的英文单词是guide，前面有不定冠词a，用单数形式。
2. 句意：如果你走得足够快，你会在太阳落山前到达那个美丽的湖。“到达”此处为及物动词，对应reach，will后接动词原形。
3. 句意：当山里下大雨时，在如此崎岖的道路上骑自行车很难。“崎岖的”对应形容词rough，用于修饰名词roads。
4. 句意：在过去的十年里，我镇的人们在生活条件方面看到了巨大的变化。“变化”是可数名词，此处指多个变化，用复数形式changes。
5. 句意：我每天都想念我温暖的家乡和住在那里的所有童年朋友。“家乡”对应hometown，用单数形式即可。
【答案】1. guide 2. reach 3. rough 4. changes 5. hometown
【知识点】词汇运用、根据汉语提示写单词
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的拼写及形式变化，属于英语基础题型，侧重考查学生对核心词汇的掌握程度。
【难度系数】0.8

二、用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空

1. This activity much joy for all kids in our class every day.
2. The quiet little yard colourful fallen leaves after the strong wind.
3. My elder sister will her foreign friend our beautiful town this summer vacation.
4. So many amazing changes in my hometown during the past five years.
5. My parents and I go to the lake and fish there on sunny weekends long ago.

1. brings about 2. was covered with
3. show, around 4. have taken place 5. used to

【分析】
本题要求用方框内短语的适当形式填空，需先理解每个句子的句意，再结合短语含义、句子时态及主谓一致等语法规则选择并调整短语形式。具体思路：1. 分析句子主语和时间状语确定时态，匹配对应短语；2. 根据短语的固定用法调整形式；3. 确保语法正确，符合句子语境。
【解析】
1. 句意：这个活动每天给我们班所有孩子带来很多快乐。短语bring about意为“带来”，主语This activity是第三人称单数，时间状语every day表一般现在时，故填brings about。
2. 句意：大风过后，这个安静的小院子被五颜六色的落叶覆盖。短语be covered with意为“被……覆盖”，根据语境用一般过去时，主语The quiet little yard是单数，故填was covered with。
3. 句意：今年暑假我姐姐将带她的外国朋友参观我们美丽的城镇。短语show sb around意为“带某人参观”，will后接动词原形，故填show; around。
4. 句意：在过去五年里，我的家乡发生了很多惊人的变化。短语take place意为“发生”，时间状语during the past five years表现在完成时，主语changes是复数，故填have taken place。
5. 句意：很久以前，我和父母在阳光明媚的周末常常去湖边钓鱼。短语used to意为“过去常常”，后接动词原形，符合句意，故填used to。
【答案】
1. brings about 2. was covered with 3. show; around 4. have taken place 5. used to
【知识点】
动词短语；时态运用；固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查常用动词短语的适当形式填空，结合句意、时态及主谓一致知识，是基础英语语法与短语搭配的综合考查，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

三、阅读理解
China Gets Greener
Clear waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. With the efforts of China's government and its people, the rate of forest coverage(森林覆盖率) in China has reached 22.96%, compared with 5.05% forty years ago, according to a recent report from the State Forestry and Grassland Administration (SFGA).
Over the past forty years, China planted billions of trees as part of its fight against growing deserts, mostly in its north. Each year, people grow plants over an area nearly the size of Ireland, according to Nature.
In 1978, China began a nationwide tree planting programme known as the "Three North Shelterbelt Forest Programme", also known as "the Great Green Wall". It has helped to plant
more than 66 billion trees across 13 provinces in the country's north to act as windbreaks(防风林), according to China Daily.
Since 2018, SFGA has made more efforts to build a greener country. Its purpose is to grow at least 6.7 million hectares(公顷) of forest every year in the next 20 years. Besides planting more trees, China has tried to bring back grasslands. It has also used strict forest protection rules and stopped all cutting down of trees for business since last August.
The high-speed growth of forests cannot happen without public participation. For example, Ant Forest plants real trees for users who get "green energy" by taking part in low-carbon activities. Since 2016, it has helped to plant about 122 million trees in China's driest areas.
China was praised as "one of the most successful countries worldwide in greening the desert" by United Nations Environment Programme Executive Director Erik Solheim.
()1. What was the rate of forest coverage forty years ago?
A. 5.05%.
B. 17.91%.
C. 22.96%.
D. 28.01%.
()2. Over the past forty years, why has China planted billions of trees?
A. To turn deserts into green land.
B. To create a green area in the desert.
C. To stop deserts from growing.
D. To build an area nearly the size of Ireland.
()3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. Windbreaks have covered across 23 provinces of China.
B. In 1978, China succeeded in building "the Great Green Wall".
C. China has grown 6.7 million hectares of forest since 2018.
D. Since 1978, over 66 billion trees have been planted to act as windbreaks.
()4. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Ant Forest plants real trees for all Chinese people.
B. Everybody can help build a greener country.
C. China's forest coverage is the highest in the world.
D. China was praised for no deserts in northern China.

1－4. ACDB

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解的细节理解类题目，需通过定位原文对应信息逐一解答各题：第1题定位四十年前森林覆盖率的数值；第2题定位过去四十年种树的目的；第3题需逐一核对选项与原文表述的匹配度；第4题定位最后两段的核心内容，排除错误选项得出答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第一段“the rate of forest coverage... compared with 5.05% forty years ago”，可知四十年前森林覆盖率为5.05%，对应选项A。
2. 第2题：根据原文第二段“Over the past forty years, China planted billions of trees as part of its fight against growing deserts”，可知种树是为了对抗沙漠扩张，对应选项C。
3. 第3题：逐一核对选项：A项原文是13个省份而非23个，错误；B项1978年是启动项目而非建成，错误；C项是未来20年每年目标而非2018年以来的成果，错误；D项与原文第三段“helped to plant more than 66 billion trees... to act as windbreaks”完全匹配，正确。
4. 第4题：最后两段强调公众参与绿化（如蚂蚁森林的例子），说明每个人都能助力绿化，对应选项B；A项蚂蚁森林是为参与低碳活动的用户而非所有人种树，错误；C项原文未提及中国森林覆盖率世界最高，错误；D项原文未说北部无沙漠，错误。
【答案】
ACDB
【知识点】
英语阅读理解；细节理解题
【点评】
本文介绍中国的绿化成果，题目以细节理解为主，要求学生精准定位原文信息、排除干扰项，是初中英语常见题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6