一、从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空(每个词或短语只能用一次)。
$\boxed{make\ up\ one's\ mind\ \ \ serve\ \ \ thanks\ to\ \ \ graduate\ from\ \ \ the\ needs\ of}$
1. his constant encouragement, I finally passed the difficult exam last term.
2. We must care about others and try our best to lend a hand.
3. They have to take part in more voluntary activities.
4. Every citizen should respect the workers who are our society.
5. Many young people have key universities and choose to serve their hometown.
hometown.

1. Thanks to 2. the needs of 3. made up their minds
4. serving 5. graduated from

【分析】
本题为选词填空，需先明确方框内各短语的含义：make up one's mind（下定决心）、serve（服务）、thanks to（多亏，由于）、graduate from（从……毕业）、the needs of（……的需求）。解题时需结合句子语境、固定搭配及语法结构（时态、主谓一致等），选择恰当短语并调整为正确形式，且每个短语仅用一次。
【解析】
1. 句意为“多亏他不断的鼓励，我终于通过了上学期的难考试”，thanks to符合语境，且位于句首需大写首字母，故填Thanks to。
2. 固定搭配care about the needs of sb.意为“关心某人的需求”，契合“关心他人需求并伸出援手”的语境，故填the needs of。
3. 句子时态为现在完成时，结构为“have + 过去分词”，主语为they，make up one's mind的过去分词为made up their minds，意为“下定决心”，符合语境，故填made up their minds。
4. 句子时态为现在进行时，结构为“be + 现在分词”，serve的现在分词为serving，意为“服务”，契合“尊重服务社会的工人”的语境，故填serving。
5. 句子时态为现在完成时，结构为“have + 过去分词”，graduate from的过去分词为graduated from，意为“从……毕业”，符合语境，故填graduated from。
【答案】
1. Thanks to 2. the needs of 3. made up their minds 4. serving 5. graduated from
【知识点】
短语的正确形式运用、固定搭配、时态的正确使用
【点评】
本题考查常用短语的词义辨析及语境下的形式转换，涵盖基础固定搭配与时态知识，注重对学生基础词汇运用能力的考查，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. She tried her best (help) others when they were in trouble.
2. Many heroes lost their (life) to save other people.
3. His brave act makes people remember him after his (die).
4. We should decide (do) meaningful things in our daily life.
5. People's ideas can (influence) by what they read.

1. to help 2. lives 3. death 4. to do 5. be influenced

【分析】
本题考查英语词汇的正确形式填空，需结合固定搭配、词性变化、名词复数及被动语态规则解题：
1. 固定搭配“try one's best to do sth”（尽某人最大努力做某事），需用help的不定式形式；
2. 主语“many heroes”为复数，“lose one's life”中life需用复数形式；
3. 介词after后接名词，需转换die为名词形式；
4. 固定搭配“decide to do sth”（决定做某事），需用do的不定式形式；
5. 主语与动词是被动关系，需用情态动词的被动结构。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“try one's best to do sth”要求后接动词不定式作宾语，故填to help；
2. 由主语“many heroes”可知此处表复数概念，life的复数为lives，故填lives；
3. 介词after后需接名词，die的名词形式为death，故填death；
4. 固定搭配“decide to do sth”要求后接动词不定式作宾语，故填to do；
5. 主语“people's ideas”是动作influence的承受者，情态动词can的被动结构为“can be + 过去分词”，influence的过去分词为influenced，故填be influenced。
【答案】
1. to help 2. lives 3. death 4. to do 5. be influenced
【知识点】
动词不定式、名词复数、被动语态
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础题型，侧重考查固定搭配、词性转换、名词复数及被动语态等核心基础知识点，是英语学习中的常规考点，需学生熟练掌握基础语法规则和词汇变形方法。
【难度系数】
0.6

()1. —What do you know about Mr Li?
—He is just , but he tries his best to help others and protect our community.

A.a serious leader
B.a rich manager
C.an ordinary man
D.a famous star

1. C 【点拨】an ordinary man 意为“一个普通人”,与后面but表示的转折含义匹配。故选C。

【分析】本题考查英语语境中的词义辨析，解题时需先抓住对话中的转折连词but，明确前后语义的转折关系，再结合语境分析各选项含义，选出符合逻辑的答案。具体步骤：1. 理解对话逻辑：问句询问对李先生的了解，答句用but转折，说明前面的身份与“尽力帮助他人、保护社区”的行为形成反差；2. 逐一分析选项含义，判断哪个选项能与后文形成合理转折。
【解析】答句中“but”表转折，前后语义需相反。后文提到他尽力帮助他人、保护社区，说明前面描述的身份是普通的，而非特殊的。A项“a serious leader”（严肃的领导）、B项“a rich manager”（富有的经理）、D项“a famous star”（著名的明星）均为特殊身份，无法与后文形成转折；C项“an ordinary man”（一个普通人）符合语境，能体现出身份普通却乐于助人的反差，故答案为C。
【答案】C
【知识点】词义辨析；语境理解
【点评】本题为基础英语词汇运用题，核心是通过转折连词but的逻辑关系判断合适的名词短语，难度较低，适合初中学生巩固词汇与语境结合的解题方法。
【难度系数】0.3

()2. —Many old people can't look after themselves well.
—We should be ready to when they are in trouble.

A.take a break
B.have a try
C.make a noise
D.lend a hand

2. D 【点拨】lend a hand是固定短语,意为“帮忙,伸出援手”。故选D。

【分析】首先理解对话语境，第一句提到很多老人无法很好照顾自己，第二句询问当他们有困难时我们应采取的行动。接下来需分析每个选项短语的含义，结合语境选出符合“帮助他人”意思的固定短语。
【解析】对话翻译为：“——很多老人不能很好地照顾自己。——当他们有困难时，我们应该准备好伸出援手。”逐一分析选项：A选项take a break意为“休息”；B选项have a try意为“尝试”；C选项make a noise意为“制造噪音”；D选项lend a hand是固定短语，意为“帮忙、伸出援手”，符合语境中帮助老人的需求，因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语辨析；情景交际
【点评】本题考查常用固定短语的含义辨析，需结合对话语境判断短语适用性，难度较低，属于基础情景交际题。
【难度系数】0.7

()3.(2025·江苏无锡惠山区一模)The ski machine has helped people ski safely, and they can practise they want without considering the weather.

A.whatever
B.however
C.whenever
D.wherever

3. C 【点拨】根据“without considering the weather”可知不用考虑天气,应是随时可以练习。故选C。

【分析】
先通读句子理解句意：滑雪机帮助人们安全滑雪，他们可以练习________他们想要的，无需考虑天气。再分析各选项的词义：A.whatever意为“无论什么”，B.however意为“无论如何；然而”，C.whenever意为“无论何时”，D.wherever意为“无论何地”。结合后半句“without considering the weather（不用考虑天气）”可知，此处强调时间上的随时，应选表时间的连词。
【解析】
句子意为：滑雪机帮助人们安全滑雪，他们可以随时练习，无需考虑天气。逐一分析选项：A.whatever用于指代内容，不符合语境；B.however用于表方式或转折，不符合；C.whenever表时间“无论何时”，契合“不用考虑天气就能随时练习”的句意；D.wherever用于指代地点，不符合。因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
连词辨析；语境理解
【点评】
本题结合具体语境考查连词的用法，需准确掌握各连词含义并结合句意判断，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7

()4. Many people around us are kind and helpful. My uncle last month to save lives in the hospital.

A.took photos
B.made money
C.donated blood
D.played sport

4. C 【点拨】donate blood意为“献血”,符合“救人”的语境。故选C。

【分析】
先通读句子把握语境：句子表达叔叔做了和医院救人相关的事，需逐一分析选项含义，排除不符合“救人”语境的选项，选出匹配的短语。
【解析】
句子意为“我们周围很多人友善又乐于助人。我叔叔上个月在医院________来救人。”A选项took photos意为“拍照”，与救人无关；B选项made money意为“赚钱”，不符合语境；C选项donated blood意为“献血”，符合在医院救人的语境；D选项played sport意为“做运动”，与救人无关。因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
动词短语辨析，语境理解
【点评】
本题考查动词短语的词义辨析，解题关键是结合句子语境判断合适的短语，属于基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8

()5. —What will you do for the environment?
—I have to plant some trees and look after them every day.

A.made up my mind
B.taken my place
C.changed my mind
D.found my way

5. A 【点拨】make up one's mind是固定搭配,意为“下定决心”。故选A。

【分析】本题考查英语动词短语的辨析，需结合对话语境分析各选项短语的含义，选出符合语境的固定搭配。首先理解对话：问句询问为环境做的事，答句表达“已经做了某事（种树并照顾）”，需判断哪个短语符合语义。
【解析】先分析各选项短语含义：A. made up my mind（下定决心）；B. taken my place（代替某人）；C. changed my mind（改变主意）；D. found my way（找到路）。结合语境，答句表达“下定决心种树并每天照顾”，A选项符合语义，故选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语辨析，固定搭配
【点评】本题为基础的英语短语辨析题，考查常用动词短语的含义及语境运用，只要掌握常见短语的意思即可轻松解答，属于易得分题。
【难度系数】0.8

四、词汇运用。
根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
Jimmy was overweight and loved ice cream. It was his favourite dessert(甜点). He was $\underline{a\ 1}$ to have an ice cream each evening after dinner if he ate up his vegetables. He would like to $\underline{e\ 2}$ ice cream at home because he didn't like to walk to the ice cream stand(货摊).
His mum was worried about his health. That night at supper, Jimmy ate up all his vegetables, but there was no ice cream. "I have already finished my vegetables," he said.
However, Mum $\underline{c\ 3}$ up with a new idea. "If you want to eat an ice cream, you'll have to get it by walking to the ice cream stand," she said. Jimmy had no $\underline{c\ 4}$ but to agree, so they decided to take a walk on Saturday. According to the map, the ice cream stand was a mile away. It was a sunny day. The sun was so $\underline{b\ 5}$ that Jimmy could hardly open his eyes. He asked, "How much farther is it?" Mum checked the map on her phone and then said, "We're not even halfway yet. Do you want to turn around?" Jimmy did want to turn around, but he also wanted ice cream. $\underline{W\ 6}$ was the only way to get it.
After a few minutes, Jimmy felt tired and had $\underline{d\ 7}$ walking on. He wanted to sit down, but there were no chairs. He wanted to give up. He looked up to tell Mum he was ready to turn around. But when he did, he could see the violet flag at the top of the ice cream stand. They were almost there! Jimmy started to walk much $\underline{f\ 8}$. He finally could taste the cool, creamy ice cream. It was a long walk, but it was $\underline{c\ 9}$ worth the effort. "I have a sense of $\underline{a\ 10}$," Jimmy said excitedly.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. allowed 2. eat 3. came 4. choice 5. bright
6. Walking 7. difficulty 8. faster 9. certainly
10. achievement

【分析】
本题为根据短文语境及首字母提示填写正确单词的题型，解题思路为：先通读全文理解整体语境，再针对每个空格，结合首字母提示，分析句子所需的词性、词义，同时联系固定短语搭配、语法规则（如时态、非谓语动词、比较级等），最终确定符合要求的单词。
【解析】
1. 句意：如果他吃完蔬菜，就被允许每天晚饭后吃冰淇淋。结合首字母a及语境，此处为“被允许”，用被动语态be allowed to do，故填allowed。
2. 句意：他喜欢在家吃冰淇淋。结合首字母e及like to do结构，此处填动词原形eat。
3. 句意：妈妈想出了一个新主意。固定搭配come up with（想出），全文为过去时态，故填came。
4. 句意：Jimmy别无选择只能同意。固定搭配have no choice but to do（别无选择只能做某事），故填choice。
5. 句意：太阳如此明亮，Jimmy几乎睁不开眼睛。结合首字母b及语境，形容太阳亮，填形容词bright。
6. 句意：走路是得到冰淇淋的唯一办法。此处作主语，用动名词形式，结合首字母W，填Walking。
7. 句意：几分钟后，Jimmy感到疲惫，走路有困难。固定搭配have difficulty doing sth（做某事有困难），故填difficulty。
8. 句意：Jimmy开始走得更快。much修饰比较级，结合首字母f，填faster。
9. 句意：这趟路很长，但肯定值得付出努力。此处用副词修饰形容词worth，结合首字母c，填certainly。
10. 句意：“我有成就感”，Jimmy兴奋地说。固定搭配a sense of achievement（成就感），结合首字母a，填achievement。
【答案】
allowed, eat, came, choice, bright, Walking, difficulty, faster, certainly, achievement
【知识点】
词汇运用、固定搭配、语境理解
【点评】
本题考查词汇在语境中的运用，需结合上下文逻辑、固定短语搭配及语法规则解题，注重学生对基础词汇的掌握和语境分析能力。
【难度系数】
0.5