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训练2 体裁: 说明文 主题: 科学技术 难度: ★★★★★ 建议用时: 8 min 正确率: /4
(原创)China's first cat cloned from somatic cells(体细胞) using only homegrown equipment(设备) and reagents was born in Qingdao, showing that the country has built an independent cloning process(自主克隆过程), according to researchers.
The cat, an orange male of 141 grams, was given birth to by a female(雌的) cat after a 69-day pregnancy. Researchers from Qingdao Agricultural University worked with Qingdao PanGene Technologies Company on the project.
Zhao Minghui, an associate professor at the university's College of Life Sciences, said that the past animal cloning processes had depended heavily on imports(进口) from the United States and equipment provided by Japan and Europe. "The birth of the new cat turned out that China has a complete industrial chain in the field of animal cloning," Zhao said.
The research, which began in 2020, faced difficulties like imported reagents during pig cloning tries. Over time, the team successfully changed to homegrown reagents, with additional help from a partner in Guangzhou, to further improve their research equipment.
From the end of October to the beginning of November in 2023, the team succeeded in cloning 20 pigs of a local type using homegrown equipment and reagents. "Different from pig cells, cloning cats from somatic cells needed more equipment, reagents, and materials," Zhao said. Yuan Bao, a professor at Jilin University and president of the Jilin Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences, said the success in cloning a cat was not only a big breakthrough in Chinese animal cloning technology, but also stood for improvement in high-end equipment producing, precision machining, and chemical engineering in China.
1. What's the main purpose(目的) of the passage?
A. To describe the difficulties of cat cloning.
B. To share the process of China's first cat cloning.
C. To show China's independent animal cloning technology.
D. To tell the differences between Chinese equipment and foreign equipment.
2. How might Zhao feel about the cat cloning?
A. Successful.
B. Meaningless.
C. Educational.
D. Impossible.
3. The underlined word "breakthrough" in Paragraph 5 means
＞＞ 词义猜测题
A. a difficult finding
B. an important success
C. an act of finishing doing something
D. an opening between two things
4. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A. Cloning cats from somatic cells is more difficult than cloning pigs.
B. The cat cloning showed improvement in high-end equipment producing.
C. The success of cloned cats means China will never need imported equipment.
(原创)China's first cat cloned from somatic cells(体细胞) using only homegrown equipment(设备) and reagents was born in Qingdao, showing that the country has built an independent cloning process(自主克隆过程), according to researchers.
The cat, an orange male of 141 grams, was given birth to by a female(雌的) cat after a 69-day pregnancy. Researchers from Qingdao Agricultural University worked with Qingdao PanGene Technologies Company on the project.
Zhao Minghui, an associate professor at the university's College of Life Sciences, said that the past animal cloning processes had depended heavily on imports(进口) from the United States and equipment provided by Japan and Europe. "The birth of the new cat turned out that China has a complete industrial chain in the field of animal cloning," Zhao said.
The research, which began in 2020, faced difficulties like imported reagents during pig cloning tries. Over time, the team successfully changed to homegrown reagents, with additional help from a partner in Guangzhou, to further improve their research equipment.
From the end of October to the beginning of November in 2023, the team succeeded in cloning 20 pigs of a local type using homegrown equipment and reagents. "Different from pig cells, cloning cats from somatic cells needed more equipment, reagents, and materials," Zhao said. Yuan Bao, a professor at Jilin University and president of the Jilin Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences, said the success in cloning a cat was not only a big breakthrough in Chinese animal cloning technology, but also stood for improvement in high-end equipment producing, precision machining, and chemical engineering in China.
1. What's the main purpose(目的) of the passage?
A. To describe the difficulties of cat cloning.
B. To share the process of China's first cat cloning.
C. To show China's independent animal cloning technology.
D. To tell the differences between Chinese equipment and foreign equipment.
2. How might Zhao feel about the cat cloning?
A. Successful.
B. Meaningless.
C. Educational.
D. Impossible.
3. The underlined word "breakthrough" in Paragraph 5 means
B
.＞＞ 词义猜测题
A. a difficult finding
B. an important success
C. an act of finishing doing something
D. an opening between two things
4. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A. Cloning cats from somatic cells is more difficult than cloning pigs.
B. The cat cloning showed improvement in high-end equipment producing.
C. The success of cloned cats means China will never need imported equipment.
答案
1. C 推理判断题。结合文章内容,尤其是第一段可知,本文主要介绍了中国首只只使用国产设备和试剂的体细胞克隆猫在青岛诞生,其目的是证明中国在动物克隆方面能够完全独立了。故选 C。
2. A 推理判断题。根据第三段“The birth of the new cat turned out that China has a complete industrial chain in the field of animal cloning”可知他认为克隆猫的诞生证明了中国在动物克隆领域拥有完整的产业链,由此可推知他认为克隆猫技术是成功的。故选 A。
3. B 词义猜测题。根据下文“but also stood for improvement in high-end equipment producing, precision machining, and chemical engineering in China”可知克隆猫的成功也代表了中国在高端设备制造、精密机械加工和化学工程方面的进步,由此可推知“breakthrough”代表了中国在动物克隆技术上的突破。画线词所在句与下文是并列关系。故选 B。
4. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“the team succeeded in cloning 20 pigs of a local type using homegrown equipment and reagents. ‘Different from pig cells, cloning cats from somatic cells needed more equipment, reagents, and materials’”可知中国已使用国产设备克隆过猪,但是克隆猫需要更多资源,由此可推知克隆猫的难度大于克隆猪。故选 A。
2. A 推理判断题。根据第三段“The birth of the new cat turned out that China has a complete industrial chain in the field of animal cloning”可知他认为克隆猫的诞生证明了中国在动物克隆领域拥有完整的产业链,由此可推知他认为克隆猫技术是成功的。故选 A。
3. B 词义猜测题。根据下文“but also stood for improvement in high-end equipment producing, precision machining, and chemical engineering in China”可知克隆猫的成功也代表了中国在高端设备制造、精密机械加工和化学工程方面的进步,由此可推知“breakthrough”代表了中国在动物克隆技术上的突破。画线词所在句与下文是并列关系。故选 B。
4. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“the team succeeded in cloning 20 pigs of a local type using homegrown equipment and reagents. ‘Different from pig cells, cloning cats from somatic cells needed more equipment, reagents, and materials’”可知中国已使用国产设备克隆过猪,但是克隆猫需要更多资源,由此可推知克隆猫的难度大于克隆猪。故选 A。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇科技类说明文，共4道题，涉及主旨大意、推理判断、词义猜测题型。解题思路为：1. 主旨题需快速浏览首尾段及各段核心内容，把握文章核心目的；2. 态度题定位题干人物的相关表述，分析其情感倾向；3. 词义猜测题结合画线词所在句的上下文逻辑（如并列、递进）推断词义；4. 推断题需定位原文细节，对比选项与原文信息，排除干扰项得出结论。
【解析】
1. 第1题（主旨大意题）：文章首段点明中国首只用国产设备和试剂的体细胞克隆猫诞生，核心目的是证明中国拥有自主的动物克隆技术，对应选项C。
2. 第2题（推理判断题）：定位第三段赵明辉的表述“the birth of the new cat turned out that China has a complete industrial chain in the field of animal cloning”，可知他认为克隆猫技术是成功的，对应选项A。
3. 第3题（词义猜测题）：画线词“breakthrough”所在句后提到“stood for improvement in high-end equipment producing...”，说明克隆猫的成功是技术上的重要进展，故“breakthrough”意为“重要的成功”，对应选项B。
4. 第4题（推理判断题）：定位最后一段“Different from pig cells, cloning cats from somatic cells needed more equipment, reagents, and materials”，可知克隆猫比克隆猪难度大，对应选项A。
【答案】
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（主旨大意）、推理判断题、词义猜测题
【点评】
本文围绕中国自主克隆猫诞生展开，考察学生对科技说明文的信息提取、逻辑推理及词义猜测能力，需精准定位原文细节，结合语境分析选项，是典型的科技类阅读题型。
【难度系数】
0.2
这是一篇科技类说明文，共4道题，涉及主旨大意、推理判断、词义猜测题型。解题思路为：1. 主旨题需快速浏览首尾段及各段核心内容，把握文章核心目的；2. 态度题定位题干人物的相关表述，分析其情感倾向；3. 词义猜测题结合画线词所在句的上下文逻辑（如并列、递进）推断词义；4. 推断题需定位原文细节，对比选项与原文信息，排除干扰项得出结论。
【解析】
1. 第1题（主旨大意题）：文章首段点明中国首只用国产设备和试剂的体细胞克隆猫诞生，核心目的是证明中国拥有自主的动物克隆技术，对应选项C。
2. 第2题（推理判断题）：定位第三段赵明辉的表述“the birth of the new cat turned out that China has a complete industrial chain in the field of animal cloning”，可知他认为克隆猫技术是成功的，对应选项A。
3. 第3题（词义猜测题）：画线词“breakthrough”所在句后提到“stood for improvement in high-end equipment producing...”，说明克隆猫的成功是技术上的重要进展，故“breakthrough”意为“重要的成功”，对应选项B。
4. 第4题（推理判断题）：定位最后一段“Different from pig cells, cloning cats from somatic cells needed more equipment, reagents, and materials”，可知克隆猫比克隆猪难度大，对应选项A。
【答案】
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（主旨大意）、推理判断题、词义猜测题
【点评】
本文围绕中国自主克隆猫诞生展开，考察学生对科技说明文的信息提取、逻辑推理及词义猜测能力，需精准定位原文细节，结合语境分析选项，是典型的科技类阅读题型。
【难度系数】
0.2
