一、根据词性和词义匹配单词含义
（）1. wonder n. （）2. surface n.
（）3. bottom n. （）4. research n.
A. The outside or top part of something.
B. The lowest part or point of something.
C. The careful study of something to find new information.
D. Something that causes feelings of great surprise and admiration.

1-4. DABC

【分析】本题为名词与对应词义的匹配题，解题思路为：①逐个明确每个待匹配名词的核心名词含义；②逐一解读每个选项的英文释义，将名词含义与选项释义一一对应；③完成匹配后核对结果。
【解析】1. 分析wonder n.：核心含义为“奇迹；奇观”，对应选项D“Something that causes feelings of great surprise and admiration（引起极大惊讶和钦佩的事物）”，故1选D；
2. 分析surface n.：核心含义为“表面；表层”，对应选项A“The outside or top part of something（某物的外部或顶部）”，故2选A；
3. 分析bottom n.：核心含义为“底部；底端”，对应选项B“The lowest part or point of something（某物的最低部分或点）”，故3选B；
4. 分析research n.：核心含义为“研究；调查”，对应选项C“The careful study of something to find new information（为发现新信息对某物的仔细研究）”，故4选C。
【答案】1-4.DABC
【知识点】名词词义匹配；词汇释义对应
【点评】本题为基础词汇匹配题，考察常见名词的核心含义，题型简单，侧重基础词汇的掌握，适合巩固英语基础词汇。
【难度系数】0.9

二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1. They go (dive) in the sea to see beautiful fish.
2. The ( deep ) of the swimming pool is two metres.
3. It is (usual) to see snow in this city during April.
4. This game has three difficulty (level): easy, medium, and hard.

1. diving 2. depth 3. unusual 4. levels

【分析】
本题考查英语单词的适当形式填空，需结合句子结构、固定搭配、词性变化及语境判断正确形式。第1题涉及固定搭配，第2题需转换词性，第3题需根据语境用反义词，第4题需用名词复数。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配“go doing sth.”表示“去做某事”，dive的动名词形式为diving，故填diving；
2. 定冠词the后需接名词，deep的名词形式是depth（意为“深度”），故填depth；
3. 根据句意“这个城市四月下雪是不寻常的”，此处需用usual的反义词unusual，故填unusual；
4. 数词three后接可数名词复数，level的复数形式为levels，故填levels。
【答案】
1. diving 2. depth 3. unusual 4. levels
【知识点】
动词固定搭配、词性转换、名词复数
【点评】
本题为英语基础题型，考查核心是单词的形式变化规则，涉及固定搭配、词性转换等基础知识点，难度较低，适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.8

三、阅读理解
For over 1,300 years, a large rock has been in Mahabalipuram(马哈巴利普拉姆), a beach town in southern India. The rock is on a hill at a 45-degree angle.
The rock is popularly known as "Krishna's Butter Ball", a favourite food, butter, fallen from the sky. The rock is 20 feet high and five metres in diameter(直径), and weighs over 250 tons. It looks like it might slip any moment and run down the hill, but it has stayed that way for several centuries now.
Some say the rock is a natural formation(形成), but scientists think that's impossible because natural corrosion(腐蚀) couldn't produce such an unusual shape. Others think that the rock might have been placed there by the aliens who visited the earth thousands of years ago.
One of the earliest known attempts(尝试) to move the rock was made by Narasimhavarman, a Pallava king who ruled southern India from 630 to 668 C.E. The strongest of his men could not move it at all. More recently, in 1908, Governor of Madras Arthur Lawley decided that he wanted to get rid of the rock, fearing that it would slide down the hill. He used seven elephants to do the task, but much to his surprise, it did not budge at all.
Krishna's Butter Ball is now a popular tourist spot, attracting thousands each year. Visitors make their own attempts to move the rock—they fail, of course, but always come away with amazing photos!
()1. What is Krishna's Butter Ball according to the text?
A. A kind of Indian food.
B. A popular sport in Mahabalipuram.
C. A rock over 250 tons on the hill.
D. A beach town in southern India.
()2. What can we learn from the text?
A. It's hard to move the rock, though it looks easy to slip.
B. Even wind can blow the rock down the hill.
C. We are sure where the rock came from.
D. Narasimhavarman ruled southern India for fifty years.
()3. What does the underlined word "budge" in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Slide down the hill.
B. Move slightly.
C. Fall from the sky.
D. Stay there quietly.
()4. What can we know about the rock?
A. It's dangerous to touch the rock.
B. Someone knows who placed the rock there.
C. The aliens from other planets once visited the rock.
D. Men and even elephants have tried moving it.

1-4. CABD

【分析】
做这类英语阅读理解题，需先通读全文把握文章主旨，再针对每个题目回归原文定位关键信息：细节题直接找对应描述，词义猜测题结合上下文语境推断，推理判断题需基于原文内容排除主观臆断的选项，逐一排查得出答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“The rock is popularly known as 'Krishna's Butter Ball'... weighs over 250 tons”可知，Krishna's Butter Ball是一块重超250吨的岩石，对应选项C。A选项是对名称的字面误解，B、D选项与原文描述不符，故1选C。
2. 推理判断题：原文第二段提到岩石看似随时会滑落却已存在数世纪，第四段提到用七头大象都无法移动它，说明岩石很难移动，对应选项A。B选项原文未提及风能吹落岩石；C选项原文未确定岩石来源；D选项Narasimhavarman统治时间为630-668年，共38年，并非50年，故2选A。
3. 词义猜测题：根据第四段“He used seven elephants to do the task, but much to his surprise, it did not budge at all”可知，用大象尝试移动岩石却没成功，budge意为“稍微移动”，对应选项B。A、C、D选项不符合语境，故3选B。
4. 细节理解题：原文第四段提到Narasimhavarman的人、1908年的七头大象都尝试移动岩石但失败，对应选项D。A选项原文未提及岩石危险；B选项岩石来源不确定；C选项只是猜测外星人放置，并非事实，故4选D。
【答案】
CABD
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断）
【点评】
本文围绕印度著名岩石Krishna's Butter Ball展开，考查学生对原文细节的定位、词义的推断及逻辑推理能力，题目难度适中，只要仔细阅读原文即可准确作答。
【难度系数】
0.7