9. 计算.
(1)$-81×(-\frac{4}{9})÷2\frac{1}{4}÷6$;
(2)$(-32)÷(-4)-(-5)×(-6)$.
(1)$-81×(-\frac{4}{9})÷2\frac{1}{4}÷6$;
(2)$(-32)÷(-4)-(-5)×(-6)$.
答案
(1)
$-81×(-\frac{4}{9})÷2\frac{1}{4}÷6$
$= 36 ÷ \frac{9}{4} ÷ 6$
$= 36 × \frac{4}{9} × \frac{1}{6}$
$= 16 × \frac{1}{6}$
$= \frac{8}{3}$
或者可以表示为小数:
$= 2\frac{2}{3}$
(2)
$(-32)÷(-4)-(-5)×(-6)$
$= 8 - 30$
$= -22$
$-81×(-\frac{4}{9})÷2\frac{1}{4}÷6$
$= 36 ÷ \frac{9}{4} ÷ 6$
$= 36 × \frac{4}{9} × \frac{1}{6}$
$= 16 × \frac{1}{6}$
$= \frac{8}{3}$
或者可以表示为小数:
$= 2\frac{2}{3}$
(2)
$(-32)÷(-4)-(-5)×(-6)$
$= 8 - 30$
$= -22$
10. 用简便方法计算.
(1)$(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{36}+\frac{1}{9})÷(-\frac{1}{36})$;
(2)$(-112\frac{7}{8})÷7$.
(1)$(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{36}+\frac{1}{9})÷(-\frac{1}{36})$;
(2)$(-112\frac{7}{8})÷7$.
答案
(1) $(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{36}+\frac{1}{9})÷(-\frac{1}{36})$
$=(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{36}+\frac{1}{9})×(-36)$
$=\frac{1}{4}×(-36)-\frac{1}{36}×(-36)+\frac{1}{9}×(-36)$
$=-9 + 1 - 4$
$=-12$
(2) $(-112\frac{7}{8})÷7$
$=(-112 - \frac{7}{8})×\frac{1}{7}$
$=-112×\frac{1}{7}-\frac{7}{8}×\frac{1}{7}$
$=-16 - \frac{1}{8}$
$=-16\frac{1}{8}$
$=(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{36}+\frac{1}{9})×(-36)$
$=\frac{1}{4}×(-36)-\frac{1}{36}×(-36)+\frac{1}{9}×(-36)$
$=-9 + 1 - 4$
$=-12$
(2) $(-112\frac{7}{8})÷7$
$=(-112 - \frac{7}{8})×\frac{1}{7}$
$=-112×\frac{1}{7}-\frac{7}{8}×\frac{1}{7}$
$=-16 - \frac{1}{8}$
$=-16\frac{1}{8}$
11. 定义一种新运算:$a\triangle b= (a - b)÷(a + b)$.求:
(1)$3\triangle5$的值;
(2)$(1\triangle3)\triangle(-2)$的值.
(1)$3\triangle5$的值;
(2)$(1\triangle3)\triangle(-2)$的值.
答案
(1) 根据定义,$3\triangle5 = \frac{3 - 5}{3 + 5} = \frac{-2}{8} = -\frac{1}{4}$。
(2) 首先计算$1\triangle3 = \frac{1 - 3}{1 + 3} = \frac{-2}{4} = -\frac{1}{2}$。
接着计算$(1\triangle3)\triangle(-2) = (-\frac{1}{2})\triangle(-2) = \frac{-\frac{1}{2} - (-2)}{-\frac{1}{2} + (-2)} = \frac{\frac{3}{2}}{-\frac{5}{2}} = -\frac{3}{5}$。
(2) 首先计算$1\triangle3 = \frac{1 - 3}{1 + 3} = \frac{-2}{4} = -\frac{1}{2}$。
接着计算$(1\triangle3)\triangle(-2) = (-\frac{1}{2})\triangle(-2) = \frac{-\frac{1}{2} - (-2)}{-\frac{1}{2} + (-2)} = \frac{\frac{3}{2}}{-\frac{5}{2}} = -\frac{3}{5}$。
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