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一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Scientists are working hard to discover the
2. Good
3. The road to success isn't
4. The young athlete was
5. The new space probe has travelled
1. Scientists are working hard to discover the
truth
(true) about life on Mars.2. Good
cooperation
(cooperate) among family members makes a happy home.3. The road to success isn't
mysterious
(mystery); it requires hard work and a clear goal.4. The young athlete was
completely
(complete) focused on the upcoming race.5. The new space probe has travelled
further / farther
(far) than any previous spacecraft.答案
1. truth 2. cooperation 3. mysterious
4. completely 5. further / farther
4. completely 5. further / farther
解析
【分析】
这类题需先根据句子成分判断空格所需词性，再转换所给单词的形式：1. 定冠词the后接名词，需将形容词true转为名词；2. 形容词good后接名词，需将动词cooperate转为名词；3. be动词后接形容词作表语，需将名词mystery转为形容词；4. 修饰动词需用副词，需将形容词complete转为副词；5. 由比较级标志than可知，需用far的比较级形式。
【解析】
1. 定冠词the后接名词，true的名词形式为truth，故填truth；
2. 形容词good修饰名词，cooperate的名词形式为cooperation，故填cooperation；
3. be动词isn't后接形容词作表语，mystery的形容词形式为mysterious，故填mysterious；
4. 副词修饰动词focused，complete的副词形式为completely，故填completely；
5. 句中出现than，需用far的比较级，其比较级为further或farther，故填further/farther。
【答案】
1. truth 2. cooperation 3. mysterious 4. completely 5. further / farther
【知识点】
词性转换；形容词比较级；形容词与副词用法
【点评】
本题考查英语基础的词性转换和比较级用法，属于巩固基础的常规题型，要求学生掌握常见词性变化规则和比较级构成，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
这类题需先根据句子成分判断空格所需词性，再转换所给单词的形式：1. 定冠词the后接名词，需将形容词true转为名词；2. 形容词good后接名词，需将动词cooperate转为名词；3. be动词后接形容词作表语，需将名词mystery转为形容词；4. 修饰动词需用副词，需将形容词complete转为副词；5. 由比较级标志than可知，需用far的比较级形式。
【解析】
1. 定冠词the后接名词，true的名词形式为truth，故填truth；
2. 形容词good修饰名词，cooperate的名词形式为cooperation，故填cooperation；
3. be动词isn't后接形容词作表语，mystery的形容词形式为mysterious，故填mysterious；
4. 副词修饰动词focused，complete的副词形式为completely，故填completely；
5. 句中出现than，需用far的比较级，其比较级为further或farther，故填further/farther。
【答案】
1. truth 2. cooperation 3. mysterious 4. completely 5. further / farther
【知识点】
词性转换；形容词比较级；形容词与副词用法
【点评】
本题考查英语基础的词性转换和比较级用法，属于巩固基础的常规题型，要求学生掌握常见词性变化规则和比较级构成，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
二、阅读理解
阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
Our solar system has eight planets. They each have something special to make themselves stand out from the others. Today, we will learn some interesting things about Neptune (海王星).
Neptune is the eighth, and the farthest planet from the sun. It was found in 1846. The planet has long been difficult to study because it is hard to get there and we can't see it with our own eyes.
Now, thanks to the development of science. People know more about Neptune than ever before. It has a beautiful blue colour. It is bigger than our Earth. It is the windiest planet in our solar system. And wind speeds can reach up to about 2,400 kilometres per hour. It takes a very long time, about 165 Earth years for Neptune to go around the sun for just one time.
There is also another interesting fact about the planet. It could be raining diamonds (钻石) on Neptune! This may sound like something out of a movie, but it is real on this planet. Neptune's atmosphere (大气) has methane (甲烷). Deep within Neptune's atmosphere, there is very high pressure and high temperature. This condition causes methane to change. Then the carbon atoms (碳原子) from the methane get pushed together by the pressure and turn into small diamonds. As they fall, there is diamond rain.
Would you like to see diamond rain on Neptune one day? Maybe you'll build the next great spaceship and take us there!
（
①Because it is hard to reach. ②Because it has so many colours.
③Because its atmosphere is too thick. ④Because we can't see it with our own eyes.
A. ①③ B. ①④ C. ②④ D. ③④
（
A. About 165 Earth days. B. About 165 Earth months.
C. About 165 Earth years. D. About 165 Earth centuries.
（
A. The strong wind on the planet.
B. The methane in its atmosphere.
C. The long travel time around the sun.
D. The high pressure and high temperature.
（
A. Anything is possible. B. We can make it a home.
C. Scientists found out why. D. I want to take a trip there.
（
A. To ask people to believe in science.
B. To discuss the difficulty of space travel.
C. To compare Neptune with other planets.
D. To tell some interesting facts about Neptune.
阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。
Our solar system has eight planets. They each have something special to make themselves stand out from the others. Today, we will learn some interesting things about Neptune (海王星).
Neptune is the eighth, and the farthest planet from the sun. It was found in 1846. The planet has long been difficult to study because it is hard to get there and we can't see it with our own eyes.
Now, thanks to the development of science. People know more about Neptune than ever before. It has a beautiful blue colour. It is bigger than our Earth. It is the windiest planet in our solar system. And wind speeds can reach up to about 2,400 kilometres per hour. It takes a very long time, about 165 Earth years for Neptune to go around the sun for just one time.
There is also another interesting fact about the planet. It could be raining diamonds (钻石) on Neptune! This may sound like something out of a movie, but it is real on this planet. Neptune's atmosphere (大气) has methane (甲烷). Deep within Neptune's atmosphere, there is very high pressure and high temperature. This condition causes methane to change. Then the carbon atoms (碳原子) from the methane get pushed together by the pressure and turn into small diamonds. As they fall, there is diamond rain.
Would you like to see diamond rain on Neptune one day? Maybe you'll build the next great spaceship and take us there!
（
B
）1. Why is it difficult to study Neptune?①Because it is hard to reach. ②Because it has so many colours.
③Because its atmosphere is too thick. ④Because we can't see it with our own eyes.
A. ①③ B. ①④ C. ②④ D. ③④
（
C
）2. How long does it take for Neptune to circle the sun once?A. About 165 Earth days. B. About 165 Earth months.
C. About 165 Earth years. D. About 165 Earth centuries.
（
D
）3. What is the main reason for the diamond rain on Neptune?A. The strong wind on the planet.
B. The methane in its atmosphere.
C. The long travel time around the sun.
D. The high pressure and high temperature.
（
A
）4. What is the best for " ▲ "?A. Anything is possible. B. We can make it a home.
C. Scientists found out why. D. I want to take a trip there.
（
D
）5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. To ask people to believe in science.
B. To discuss the difficulty of space travel.
C. To compare Neptune with other planets.
D. To tell some interesting facts about Neptune.
答案
1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. D
解析
【分析】做本题需先通读全文，把握短文核心内容（本文介绍海王星的有趣事实）；针对每个题目，先明确题型（细节理解、主旨大意、推理判断等），再定位原文对应语句，对比选项排除错误，选出与原文相符的答案。
【解析】1. 第1题是细节理解题，定位短文第二段最后一句：“The planet has long been difficult to study because it is hard to get there and we can't see it with our own eyes.” 对应①和④，故选B。2. 第2题是细节理解题，定位短文第三段最后一句：“It takes a very long time, about 165 Earth years for Neptune to go around the sun for just one time.” 故选C。3. 第3题是细节理解题，定位短文第四段：“Deep within Neptune's atmosphere, there is very high pressure and high temperature. This condition causes methane to change... turn into small diamonds. As they fall, there is diamond rain.” 可知主要原因是高压高温，故选D。4. 第4题是推理判断题，前文问“Would you like to see diamond rain on Neptune one day?”，后文“Maybe you'll build the next great spaceship and take us there!” 体现“一切皆有可能”，故选A。5. 第5题是主旨大意题，短文围绕海王星的有趣事实展开，故选D。
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.D
【知识点】英语阅读理解、科普类短文阅读
【点评】本题为科普类英语阅读理解，侧重考查学生提取细节信息、推理判断和概括主旨的能力，题目设置贴合原文，难度适中，需学生仔细定位原文内容作答。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 第1题是细节理解题，定位短文第二段最后一句：“The planet has long been difficult to study because it is hard to get there and we can't see it with our own eyes.” 对应①和④，故选B。2. 第2题是细节理解题，定位短文第三段最后一句：“It takes a very long time, about 165 Earth years for Neptune to go around the sun for just one time.” 故选C。3. 第3题是细节理解题，定位短文第四段：“Deep within Neptune's atmosphere, there is very high pressure and high temperature. This condition causes methane to change... turn into small diamonds. As they fall, there is diamond rain.” 可知主要原因是高压高温，故选D。4. 第4题是推理判断题，前文问“Would you like to see diamond rain on Neptune one day?”，后文“Maybe you'll build the next great spaceship and take us there!” 体现“一切皆有可能”，故选A。5. 第5题是主旨大意题，短文围绕海王星的有趣事实展开，故选D。
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.D
【知识点】英语阅读理解、科普类短文阅读
【点评】本题为科普类英语阅读理解，侧重考查学生提取细节信息、推理判断和概括主旨的能力，题目设置贴合原文，难度适中，需学生仔细定位原文内容作答。
【难度系数】0.6
