5. 下面的数中,()最接近 0。
A.$\dfrac{2}{3}$
B.$\dfrac{1}{5}$
C.$\dfrac{5}{8}$
D.$\dfrac{3}{24}$
A.$\dfrac{2}{3}$
B.$\dfrac{1}{5}$
C.$\dfrac{5}{8}$
D.$\dfrac{3}{24}$
答案
D
解析
先化简分数:$\dfrac{3}{24}=\dfrac{1}{8}$。将各选项分数化为小数:$\dfrac{2}{3}\approx0.667$,$\dfrac{1}{5}=0.2$,$\dfrac{5}{8}=0.625$,$\dfrac{1}{8}=0.125$。比较小数大小:$0.125<0.2<0.625<0.667$,数值越小越接近0,因此$\dfrac{3}{24}$最接近0。
1. 把下面各分数约成最简分数。
$\dfrac{8}{12}=$ $\dfrac{10}{25}=$ $\dfrac{16}{24}=$ $\dfrac{28}{35}=$ $\dfrac{26}{39}=$ $\dfrac{34}{51}=$
$\dfrac{8}{12}=$ $\dfrac{10}{25}=$ $\dfrac{16}{24}=$ $\dfrac{28}{35}=$ $\dfrac{26}{39}=$ $\dfrac{34}{51}=$
答案
$\dfrac{8}{12}=\dfrac{8÷4}{12÷4}=\dfrac{2}{3}$
$\dfrac{10}{25}=\dfrac{10÷5}{25÷5}=\dfrac{2}{5}$
$\dfrac{16}{24}=\dfrac{16÷8}{24÷8}=\dfrac{2}{3}$
$\dfrac{28}{35}=\dfrac{28÷7}{35÷7}=\dfrac{4}{5}$
$\dfrac{26}{39}=\dfrac{26÷13}{39÷13}=\dfrac{2}{3}$
$\dfrac{34}{51}=\dfrac{34÷17}{51÷17}=\dfrac{2}{3}$
$\dfrac{10}{25}=\dfrac{10÷5}{25÷5}=\dfrac{2}{5}$
$\dfrac{16}{24}=\dfrac{16÷8}{24÷8}=\dfrac{2}{3}$
$\dfrac{28}{35}=\dfrac{28÷7}{35÷7}=\dfrac{4}{5}$
$\dfrac{26}{39}=\dfrac{26÷13}{39÷13}=\dfrac{2}{3}$
$\dfrac{34}{51}=\dfrac{34÷17}{51÷17}=\dfrac{2}{3}$
2. 把下面每组分数通分。
$\dfrac{7}{12}$和$\dfrac{8}{15}$ $\dfrac{9}{16}$和$\dfrac{11}{24}$ $\dfrac{5}{32}$和$\dfrac{7}{18}$ $\dfrac{13}{40}$和$\dfrac{21}{25}$
$\dfrac{7}{12}$和$\dfrac{8}{15}$ $\dfrac{9}{16}$和$\dfrac{11}{24}$ $\dfrac{5}{32}$和$\dfrac{7}{18}$ $\dfrac{13}{40}$和$\dfrac{21}{25}$
答案
$\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{7×5}{12×5}=\dfrac{35}{60}$
$\dfrac{8}{15}=\dfrac{8×4}{15×4}=\dfrac{32}{60}$
$\dfrac{9}{16}=\dfrac{9×3}{16×3}=\dfrac{27}{48}$
$\dfrac{11}{24}=\dfrac{11×2}{24×2}=\dfrac{22}{48}$
$\dfrac{5}{32}=\dfrac{5×9}{32×9}=\dfrac{45}{288}$
$\dfrac{7}{18}=\dfrac{7×16}{18×16}=\dfrac{112}{288}$
$\dfrac{13}{40}=\dfrac{13×5}{40×5}=\dfrac{65}{200}$
$\dfrac{21}{25}=\dfrac{21×8}{25×8}=\dfrac{168}{200}$
$\dfrac{8}{15}=\dfrac{8×4}{15×4}=\dfrac{32}{60}$
$\dfrac{9}{16}=\dfrac{9×3}{16×3}=\dfrac{27}{48}$
$\dfrac{11}{24}=\dfrac{11×2}{24×2}=\dfrac{22}{48}$
$\dfrac{5}{32}=\dfrac{5×9}{32×9}=\dfrac{45}{288}$
$\dfrac{7}{18}=\dfrac{7×16}{18×16}=\dfrac{112}{288}$
$\dfrac{13}{40}=\dfrac{13×5}{40×5}=\dfrac{65}{200}$
$\dfrac{21}{25}=\dfrac{21×8}{25×8}=\dfrac{168}{200}$
1. 探索与发现。
$\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{3 + 2}{2×3}=\dfrac{5}{6}$ $\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{3 - 2}{2×3}=\dfrac{1}{6}$
$\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{4 + 3}{3×4}=\dfrac{7}{12}$ $\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{4 - 3}{3×4}=\dfrac{1}{12}$
$\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{(\ \ \ \ \ ) + (\ \ \ \ \ )}{(\ \ \ \ \ )×(\ \ \ \ \ )}=\dfrac{(\ \ \ \ \ )}{(\ \ \ \ \ )}$ $\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{(\ \ \ \ \ ) - (\ \ \ \ \ )}{(\ \ \ \ \ )×(\ \ \ \ \ )}=\dfrac{(\ \ \ \ \ )}{(\ \ \ \ \ )}$
观察上面三组算式,找出规律,再写一组这样的算式。
$\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{3 + 2}{2×3}=\dfrac{5}{6}$ $\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{3 - 2}{2×3}=\dfrac{1}{6}$
$\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{4 + 3}{3×4}=\dfrac{7}{12}$ $\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{4 - 3}{3×4}=\dfrac{1}{12}$
$\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{(\ \ \ \ \ ) + (\ \ \ \ \ )}{(\ \ \ \ \ )×(\ \ \ \ \ )}=\dfrac{(\ \ \ \ \ )}{(\ \ \ \ \ )}$ $\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{(\ \ \ \ \ ) - (\ \ \ \ \ )}{(\ \ \ \ \ )×(\ \ \ \ \ )}=\dfrac{(\ \ \ \ \ )}{(\ \ \ \ \ )}$
观察上面三组算式,找出规律,再写一组这样的算式。
答案
$\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{(4)+(5)}{(4)×(5)}=\dfrac{(9)}{(20)}$
$\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{(5)-(4)}{(4)×(5)}=\dfrac{(1)}{(20)}$
$\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{6+5}{5×6}=\dfrac{11}{30}$
$\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{6-5}{5×6}=\dfrac{1}{30}$
$\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{(5)-(4)}{(4)×(5)}=\dfrac{(1)}{(20)}$
$\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{6+5}{5×6}=\dfrac{11}{30}$
$\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{6-5}{5×6}=\dfrac{1}{30}$
2. 从甲城到乙城,一辆客车要用 8 小时,一辆货车要用 14 小时。这两辆车同时行了 4 小时,各行了全程的几分之几?哪辆车速度快?
答案
4÷8 = $\frac{1}{2}$
4÷14 = $\frac{2}{7}$
$\frac{1}{8}$ > $\frac{1}{14}$
答:客车行了全程的$\frac{1}{2}$,货车行了全程的$\frac{2}{7}$,客车速度快。
4÷14 = $\frac{2}{7}$
$\frac{1}{8}$ > $\frac{1}{14}$
答:客车行了全程的$\frac{1}{2}$,货车行了全程的$\frac{2}{7}$,客车速度快。
你能写出一个比$\dfrac{1}{6}$大且比$\dfrac{1}{5}$小的分数吗?说说你是怎样想到这个分数的。你能再写出两个这样的分数吗?
答案
$\dfrac{1}{6} = \dfrac{10}{60}$
$\dfrac{1}{5} = \dfrac{12}{60}$
$\dfrac{11}{60}$
$\dfrac{1}{6} = \dfrac{15}{90}$
$\dfrac{1}{5} = \dfrac{18}{90}$
$\dfrac{8}{45}$,$\dfrac{17}{90}$
答:能,一个比$\dfrac{1}{6}$大且比$\dfrac{1}{5}$小的分数是$\dfrac{11}{60}$,另外两个这样的分数是$\dfrac{8}{45}$、$\dfrac{17}{90}$。
$\dfrac{1}{5} = \dfrac{12}{60}$
$\dfrac{11}{60}$
$\dfrac{1}{6} = \dfrac{15}{90}$
$\dfrac{1}{5} = \dfrac{18}{90}$
$\dfrac{8}{45}$,$\dfrac{17}{90}$
答:能,一个比$\dfrac{1}{6}$大且比$\dfrac{1}{5}$小的分数是$\dfrac{11}{60}$,另外两个这样的分数是$\dfrac{8}{45}$、$\dfrac{17}{90}$。
登录