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B(2023·苏州;传统文化)
Confucianism(儒家思想) has been followed by Chinese people for more than two thousand years. To help people understand how to behave towards others,
Confucianism teaches the Five Constants(五常).These are ren，yi，li，zhi and xin.They are general virtues(美德) around the world.The most important two are ren and li.
Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others.Confucius explained that ren could best be understood as loving others.He is famous for teaching people “What you do not want done to yourself，do not do to others.”.It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule (treat others as you wish to be treated).
While the meaning of ren is easy to understand,li is a little harder to express.It can be thought of as duty or even respect.Generally,li is the way we should connect with people in our everyday life.In Confucian writings,discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors(祖先).While ren is mostly about our opinions and feelings,li is about how we express our opinions and feelings towards others and the world around us.
Perhaps the most well−known Confucian virtue is xiao.This is the duty children have to their parents.Xiao means loving,respecting,obeying and taking care of one's parents when they are old.In Confucianism,xiao is important for a harmonious(和谐的)society:Without it,the whole world would fall into a mess.
14.________are the most important of the Five Constants.
A. Ren and yi B. Ren and li C. Li and xin D. Yi and zhi
15. What is the best translation for the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?
A. 博学于文,约之以礼。 B. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
C. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 D. 君子和而不同，小人同而不和。
16. Which of the following is an example of li?
A. Building a peaceful society. B. Taking care of one's children.
C. Obeying rules for drinking tea. D. Learning all through one's life.
17. What does the passage mainly tell us about Confucianism?
A. Its general virtues. B. Its long history.
C. Its new challenges. D. Its golden rules.
C
Facial recognition technology(人脸识别技术) is widely used today.For example,the police use it to search for bad guys.It's also used to unlock phones or doors.
Now,a similar technology,known as facial detection,is entering a new field:the business of advertising(广告).
Such systems are going through tests in a small number of stores.One facial detection system can judge a person's“happiness"or“fear”level.That helps businesses see how people feel as they look at products or advertisements in the store.Another system can detect whether someone is wearing eyeglasses.If so,stores can send advertisements for new glasses to him.
Facial detection technology is also placed inside some large advertising boards.Cameras in those boards can detect information like people's ages and five levels of feelings−from“very happy”to“very unhappy".
Supporters of the technology say that it could improve buyers' experience by showing products they might like or by offering them products at lower prices.
Some are against the idea of using such systems.Pam Dixon,the head of a privacy group,is one of them.She thinks ▲ .For example,a business could raise the price of a product according to a person's age and feelings.
However,one store testing the technology explained that they wouldn't store people's information like names or ages.And the advertising board system maker said it didn't keep any personal information or record any videos.
18. Facial detection technology can tell people's________according to the passage.
A. weight B. feelings C. height D. jobs
19. Which of the following parts can be put in the“ ▲ "?
A. nobody likes to have their feelings collected
B. it is very important to protect people's privacy
C. the strange actions may cause something unfair
D. businesses may use them to have more customers
20. We can infer from the passage that facial detection technology________.
A. can detect buyers' names and record them
B. is put inside some large advertising boards
C. may be used to sell cheaper goods in all stores
D. may need some time before being widely used
21. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Facial recognition technology entering a new field
B. Facial recognition technology looking for bad guys
C. Facial detection technology going into the advertising field
D. Facial detection technology improving buyers' experience
D
It is dark.Holmes,Lestrade and I move towards the house.“Let's wait here,"Holmes says.“We can hide behind these rocks.Watson,go to the house and see what they are doing.Make sure they don't see you."I hide behind a wall.I can see Mr Stapleton and Sir Henry sitting at a table.
Then,Stapleton leaves the room and walks to a shed in the yard.He opens the door and there is a strange noise from inside.After a minute,he locks the door and goes back into the house.I hurry back to report everything to Lestrade and Holmes.
There is now a thick white fog over the moor.“The fog is getting thicker,”says Holmes.“This is very serious−−Sir Henry must go home soon."
Suddenly,we hear footsteps.They get closer and we see Sir Henry walking towards us through the fog.Then,we hear something.A terrible animal appears.It is a huge black hound..There is fire coming from its mouth and its huge eyes are glowing.
The hound runs after Sir Henry.Holmes and I both fire our guns.We hit it but the hound doesn't stop.It jumps on Sir Henry and pushes him to the ground.Holmes points his gun and shoots the hound five times.The giant hound is dead.
Sir Henry is lying on the path.We run to him and find he is alive.
I put my hand on the hound's glowing face and find my own fingers glow in the dark..“Phosphorous(含磷的),”I say.
We walk towards Merripit House to search for Mr Stapleton.In the house we don't find him,but we find Mrs Stapleton tied up in a bedroom.We untie her.When she knows Sir Henry is alive and the hound is dead,she cries,“Thank God!"
“Now we have proof,and we need Mr Stapleton,”says Holmes.
−Adapted from The Hound of the Baskervilles
22. What does Watson see Mr Stapleton do in the yard?
A. He takes the hound for a walk in the yard.
B. He looks around the moor with a telescope.
C. He drinks and talks with Sir Henry happily.
D. He opens a shed door and locks it again soon.
23. What does the underlined word“They”in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The fog and the hound. B. Sir Henry's footsteps.
C. The guns and the hound. D. Mr Stapleton's footsteps.
24. (创新考法·信息排序题)According to the story，which of the following is the correct order?
①Holmes kills the hound with his gun.
②Mr Stapleton ties his wife in the bedroom.
③Sir Henry comes out of the house to the path.
④Mr Stapleton opens the shed door and locks it again.
⑤Mrs Stapleton is saved.
⑥The huge hound runs after Sir Henry.
⑦We search Merripit House for Mr Stapleton.
A. ④②③⑥①⑦⑤ B. ④③⑥①②⑦⑤ C. ②④③⑥①⑤⑦ D. ②④③①⑥⑦⑤
25. (创新考法·情节推断题)What do you think will happen next in the novel?
A. Mr Stapleton will tell Holmes what he has done.
B. Sir Henry will be in danger after returning home.
C. Mrs Stapleton will take them to search for Mr Stapleton.
D. Holmes will talk about the Baskerville case at once.
Confucianism(儒家思想) has been followed by Chinese people for more than two thousand years. To help people understand how to behave towards others,
Confucianism teaches the Five Constants(五常).These are ren，yi，li，zhi and xin.They are general virtues(美德) around the world.The most important two are ren and li.
Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others.Confucius explained that ren could best be understood as loving others.He is famous for teaching people “What you do not want done to yourself，do not do to others.”.It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule (treat others as you wish to be treated).
While the meaning of ren is easy to understand,li is a little harder to express.It can be thought of as duty or even respect.Generally,li is the way we should connect with people in our everyday life.In Confucian writings,discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors(祖先).While ren is mostly about our opinions and feelings,li is about how we express our opinions and feelings towards others and the world around us.
Perhaps the most well−known Confucian virtue is xiao.This is the duty children have to their parents.Xiao means loving,respecting,obeying and taking care of one's parents when they are old.In Confucianism,xiao is important for a harmonious(和谐的)society:Without it,the whole world would fall into a mess.
14.________are the most important of the Five Constants.
A. Ren and yi B. Ren and li C. Li and xin D. Yi and zhi
15. What is the best translation for the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?
A. 博学于文,约之以礼。 B. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。
C. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 D. 君子和而不同，小人同而不和。
16. Which of the following is an example of li?
A. Building a peaceful society. B. Taking care of one's children.
C. Obeying rules for drinking tea. D. Learning all through one's life.
17. What does the passage mainly tell us about Confucianism?
A. Its general virtues. B. Its long history.
C. Its new challenges. D. Its golden rules.
C
Facial recognition technology(人脸识别技术) is widely used today.For example,the police use it to search for bad guys.It's also used to unlock phones or doors.
Now,a similar technology,known as facial detection,is entering a new field:the business of advertising(广告).
Such systems are going through tests in a small number of stores.One facial detection system can judge a person's“happiness"or“fear”level.That helps businesses see how people feel as they look at products or advertisements in the store.Another system can detect whether someone is wearing eyeglasses.If so,stores can send advertisements for new glasses to him.
Facial detection technology is also placed inside some large advertising boards.Cameras in those boards can detect information like people's ages and five levels of feelings−from“very happy”to“very unhappy".
Supporters of the technology say that it could improve buyers' experience by showing products they might like or by offering them products at lower prices.
Some are against the idea of using such systems.Pam Dixon,the head of a privacy group,is one of them.She thinks ▲ .For example,a business could raise the price of a product according to a person's age and feelings.
However,one store testing the technology explained that they wouldn't store people's information like names or ages.And the advertising board system maker said it didn't keep any personal information or record any videos.
18. Facial detection technology can tell people's________according to the passage.
A. weight B. feelings C. height D. jobs
19. Which of the following parts can be put in the“ ▲ "?
A. nobody likes to have their feelings collected
B. it is very important to protect people's privacy
C. the strange actions may cause something unfair
D. businesses may use them to have more customers
20. We can infer from the passage that facial detection technology________.
A. can detect buyers' names and record them
B. is put inside some large advertising boards
C. may be used to sell cheaper goods in all stores
D. may need some time before being widely used
21. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Facial recognition technology entering a new field
B. Facial recognition technology looking for bad guys
C. Facial detection technology going into the advertising field
D. Facial detection technology improving buyers' experience
D
It is dark.Holmes,Lestrade and I move towards the house.“Let's wait here,"Holmes says.“We can hide behind these rocks.Watson,go to the house and see what they are doing.Make sure they don't see you."I hide behind a wall.I can see Mr Stapleton and Sir Henry sitting at a table.
Then,Stapleton leaves the room and walks to a shed in the yard.He opens the door and there is a strange noise from inside.After a minute,he locks the door and goes back into the house.I hurry back to report everything to Lestrade and Holmes.
There is now a thick white fog over the moor.“The fog is getting thicker,”says Holmes.“This is very serious−−Sir Henry must go home soon."
Suddenly,we hear footsteps.They get closer and we see Sir Henry walking towards us through the fog.Then,we hear something.A terrible animal appears.It is a huge black hound..There is fire coming from its mouth and its huge eyes are glowing.
The hound runs after Sir Henry.Holmes and I both fire our guns.We hit it but the hound doesn't stop.It jumps on Sir Henry and pushes him to the ground.Holmes points his gun and shoots the hound five times.The giant hound is dead.
Sir Henry is lying on the path.We run to him and find he is alive.
I put my hand on the hound's glowing face and find my own fingers glow in the dark..“Phosphorous(含磷的),”I say.
We walk towards Merripit House to search for Mr Stapleton.In the house we don't find him,but we find Mrs Stapleton tied up in a bedroom.We untie her.When she knows Sir Henry is alive and the hound is dead,she cries,“Thank God!"
“Now we have proof,and we need Mr Stapleton,”says Holmes.
−Adapted from The Hound of the Baskervilles
22. What does Watson see Mr Stapleton do in the yard?
A. He takes the hound for a walk in the yard.
B. He looks around the moor with a telescope.
C. He drinks and talks with Sir Henry happily.
D. He opens a shed door and locks it again soon.
23. What does the underlined word“They”in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The fog and the hound. B. Sir Henry's footsteps.
C. The guns and the hound. D. Mr Stapleton's footsteps.
24. (创新考法·信息排序题)According to the story，which of the following is the correct order?
①Holmes kills the hound with his gun.
②Mr Stapleton ties his wife in the bedroom.
③Sir Henry comes out of the house to the path.
④Mr Stapleton opens the shed door and locks it again.
⑤Mrs Stapleton is saved.
⑥The huge hound runs after Sir Henry.
⑦We search Merripit House for Mr Stapleton.
A. ④②③⑥①⑦⑤ B. ④③⑥①②⑦⑤ C. ②④③⑥①⑤⑦ D. ②④③①⑥⑦⑤
25. (创新考法·情节推断题)What do you think will happen next in the novel?
A. Mr Stapleton will tell Holmes what he has done.
B. Sir Henry will be in danger after returning home.
C. Mrs Stapleton will take them to search for Mr Stapleton.
D. Holmes will talk about the Baskerville case at once.
答案
14～17. BCCA 18～21. BCDC 22～25. DBBC
