五、阅读理解。
From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colours. Why do different kinds of fruit have so many colours?
According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the fruit's colours actually come from different pigments(色素). These pigments appear differently, depending on the fruit's environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain colour.
To find out how the environment influences fruit colours, Chinese scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colours. They found that red fruit usually grows in cooler places. And you can find red fruit growing in many places around the world. Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places. The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator(赤道), the darker its colour will be.
Animals have also had an influence on fruit colours. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds(种子) in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develops colours that are easy for animals to see.
 ▲  Fruit needs to develop colours that are suitable for different animals' visual(视觉的) abilities. For example, some birds can see red more easily than humans do. Therefore, there is more red fruit in areas where the birds live. The lemurs(狐猴) of Madagascar are red-green colour-blind. Different yellow fruit can be found there, as the animals can easily see this colour.
1. You are more likely(可能的) to find blue and purple fruit in ______ places.
A. cooler
B. warmer
C. higher
D. lower()
2. Which of the following sentences is suitable for “ ▲ ”?
A. Fruit and animals help each other.
B. That is why fruit in the wild is more colourful.
C. However, not all animals are interested in colours.
D. However, animals see colours in a different way.()
3. What's the best title for this passage?
A. Why does fruit often change colours?
B. Why does fruit have different colours?
C. How does the sun influence fruit colours?
D. How do animals influence fruit colours?()

【解析】：
这是一篇英语阅读理解题，主要考查了学生对文章内容的理解和推理能力。题目来源为英语九年级译林版上册的第5课时 Integrated skills & Study skills部分。
1. 第一题是细节理解题，需要学生从文章中找出关于水果颜色和生长环境关系的具体信息。根据文章第三段“Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places.”可知，蓝色和紫色的水果主要生长在温暖的地方，因此答案为B。
2. 第二题是推理判断题，需要学生根据文章上下文推断出最合适的句子填入空白处。根据后文“Fruit needs to develop colours that are suitable for different animals' visual abilities.”以及后文的例子，可以推断出动物们以不同的方式看待颜色，因此答案为D。
3. 第三题是主旨大意题，需要学生概括出文章的主题。文章主要讲述了水果为什么有不同的颜色，包括环境因素和动物因素的影响，因此答案为B。
【答案】：
1. B
2. D
3. B

翻译:
五、阅读理解。
从红苹果、黄柠檬到蓝莓和绿瓜，水果有许多不同的颜色。为什么不同种类的水果会有这么多颜色呢？
据中国科学院的卢蔚介绍，水果的颜色实际上来自不同的色素。这些色素的呈现方式不同，这取决于水果所处的环境。这会使水果变成某种特定的颜色。
为了弄清楚环境是如何影响水果颜色的，中国科学家研究了280多种不同的水果颜色。他们发现红色的水果通常生长在较凉爽的地方。而且你能在世界上很多地方发现红色水果的生长。蓝色和紫色的水果大多生长在温暖的地方。科学家们还发现，水果离赤道越近，颜色就会越深。
动物也对水果的颜色产生了影响。动物吃了水果后，会在其他地方丢下种子。这有助于水果在不同的地方传播和生长。因此，为了吸引动物，一些水果会呈现出动物容易看到的颜色。
______水果需要呈现出适合不同动物视觉能力的颜色。例如，一些鸟类比人类更容易看到红色。因此，在鸟类生活的地区有更多的红色水果。马达加斯加的狐猴是红绿色盲。在那里可以找到不同的黄色水果，因为这些动物很容易看到这种颜色。
1. 你更有可能在______的地方找到蓝色和紫色的水果。
A. 更凉爽的
B. 更温暖的
C. 更高的
D. 更低的
2. 下列哪个句子适合填入“______”处？
A. 水果和动物互相帮助。
B. 这就是为什么野生水果颜色更丰富。
C. 然而，并不是所有的动物都对颜色感兴趣。
D. 然而，动物看颜色的方式不同。
3. 这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？
A. 为什么水果经常变色？
B. 为什么水果有不同的颜色？
C. 太阳如何影响水果的颜色？
D. 动物如何影响水果的颜色？