一、补全单词。
人类始终怀揣着探索月球的梦想。
请根据句意和首字母提示补全单词。
1. This c is designed for long-term space travel.
2. Many people set off early in case the rocket launch site gets too c.
3. The Chinese manned s have successfully sent astronauts into space.
4. Astronauts must learn how to o machines in space.
5. A careful s of the moon helps us know more about it.

1. craft
2. crowded
3. spaceships
4. operate
5. survey

【分析】要补全单词，需先理解句子语境，结合首字母提示，再联系太空相关词汇及语法细节（如单复数）确定单词。具体思路：1. 分析句子“这个______是为长期太空旅行设计的”，找首字母c的太空相关名词；2. 分析“以防火箭发射场太______”，找首字母c形容场所的形容词；3. 分析“中国载人______”，结合谓语have确定复数名词，首字母s；4. 分析“学会如何______机器”，找首字母o表示操作的动词；5. 分析“仔细______月球”，找首字母s表示研究的名词。
【解析】1. 句意：这个航天器是为长期太空旅行设计的，首字母c，craft意为“航天器”，符合语境，故填craft；2. 句意：很多人早早出发以防火箭发射场太拥挤，首字母c，crowded意为“拥挤的”，符合语境，故填crowded；3. 句意：中国载人宇宙飞船成功送宇航员进入太空，谓语为have，主语需用复数，首字母s，spaceships意为“宇宙飞船（复数）”，符合，故填spaceships；4. 句意：宇航员必须学会如何在太空操作机器，首字母o，operate意为“操作”，符合语境，故填operate；5. 句意：仔细调查月球帮助我们更多了解它，首字母s，survey意为“调查”，符合语境，故填survey。
【答案】1. craft
2. crowded
3. spaceships
4. operate
5. survey
【知识点】单词拼写、太空主题词汇
【点评】本题围绕太空探索主题，考查根据句意和首字母补全单词的能力，需掌握相关词汇及语法细节（如名词复数），难度适中，适合学生巩固相关词汇。
【难度系数】0.6

二、阅读理解。
科学家们探索月球的下一步计划是什么呢？请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。一空一句。
Stephen Hawking, one of the world's most famous scientists, believed that in order to survive, humans would one day have to move into space.
Today, the United States, Russia, China, Japan, and several European(欧洲的) countries are all planning to send astronauts back to Earth's closest neighbour: the moon. 1. These stations will prepare humans to visit and later live on Mars or other Earth-like planets.
Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, thinks humans should colonize(开拓) space. He wants to start with Mars. Why? He thinks sending people to Mars will allow us to learn a lot of things—for example, the ability of humans to live in a very different environment. 2.
SpaceX is a company that builds rockets. Its founder and CEO, Elon Musk, also believes we should colonize Mars. 3. His long-term goal is to put one million people on Mars in case something bad happens to us on Earth.
4. Many say it's too expensive. Also, most space trips are not short. A one-way trip to Mars, for example, would take at least six months. People travelling such a long distance could face many health problems. In addition, these first people would find life difficult on Mars. 5. People would have to stay indoors most of the time.
Despite(尽管) all these worries, sending people into space seems certain. In the future, we might see lunar(月球的) cities or even new human civilizations on other planets. First stop: the moon.
A. Some people even dreamt of living on the moon.
B. He doesn't want to send just "one little mission", though.
C. Humans would discover new ways to explore life in outer space.
D. Finally, we could create new human societies on other planets.
E. Not everyone thinks that sending humans into space is a smart idea.
F. On the moon's surface, for example, the sun's rays are very dangerous.
G. Some of these countries want to build space stations there within the next 10 years.

1. G
2. D
3. B
4. E
5. F

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解七选五题型，解题思路为：先通读全文把握主旨（人类探索太空、殖民火星的计划及相关争议），再逐一分析每个空缺处的上下文逻辑、关键词衔接，结合选项语义匹配选出答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文提到多个国家计划送宇航员去月球，后文出现“These stations”（这些空间站），对应选项G中“build space stations there”，衔接上下文，故选G。
2. 第2空：前文阐述送人类去火星能学习适应不同环境的能力，是递进的结果，选项D“create new human societies on other planets”（在其他星球建立新人类社会）符合逻辑延伸，故选D。
3. 第3空：前文提到马斯克主张殖民火星，后文说明其长期目标是送100万人到火星，选项B“doesn't want to send just 'one little mission'”（不想只送一个小任务）衔接长期目标，故选B。
4. 第4空：后文列举反对送人类去太空的理由（太贵、健康问题等），选项E“Not everyone thinks that sending humans into space is a smart idea”（不是所有人都认为送人类去太空是明智之举）引出反对观点，故选E。
5. 第5空：前文提到火星生活困难，后文说明人们大部分时间需待在室内，选项F“the sun's rays are very dangerous”（太阳辐射很危险）举例说明环境危险，衔接上下文，故选F。
【答案】
1.G 2.D 3.B 4.E 5.F
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（七选五）、语篇逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑、关键词衔接的理解能力，需结合前后文语义匹配选项，是常见的英语阅读题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5