二、词汇检测
A)用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空，使句子通顺。
1. This company has done business with many countries since it (set) up.
2. For passengers'(乘客的) safety, all airplanes must (check) several times before taking off.
3. In my opinion, it is useless (cry) over spilled milk. We'd better find a way to solve it.
4. No one is wealthier than the man of knowledge, or (poor) than the man of being uneducated.

A）1. was set 2. be checked 3. crying 4. poorer

【分析】
本题为英语词汇形式填空题，需结合句子的语态、固定句式及比较级规则分析。1. 第1题：since引导的时间状语从句，主语是动作的承受者，需用一般过去时的被动语态；2. 第2题：主语是动作的承受者，情态动词后需接被动结构；3. 第3题：考查固定句式，需用动名词形式；4. 第4题：句中出现than，需用形容词比较级。
【解析】
1. 句意：这家公司自从成立以来，已与许多国家开展业务。主语it指代company，与动词短语set up是被动关系（公司被成立），since引导的从句用一般过去时，故填was set；
2. 句意：为了乘客安全，所有飞机起飞前必须被检查数次。主语airplanes与动词check是被动关系，情态动词must后接“be+过去分词”构成被动语态，故填be checked；
3. 固定句式it's useless doing sth意为“做某事是没用的”，此处动名词作真正主语，故填crying；
4. 句中出现than，需用形容词比较级，poor的比较级为poorer，故填poorer。
【答案】
A）1. was set 2. be checked 3. crying 4. poorer
【知识点】
被动语态、固定搭配、形容词比较级
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础语法点，涵盖被动语态、固定句式及形容词比较级，是日常考试的常考题型，需熟练掌握基础语法规则。
【难度系数】
0.7

B)根据首字母提示写出句中所缺单词，使句子通顺。
1. The government is taking action to control the rapid s of the flu in our city.
2. A friend of theirs is expected to be the c of the fantastic game.
3. He has made so much p in his tennis skill that his coach can't help praising him.
4. Wearing a mask(口罩) could stop the v from spreading in the crowds.
5. This traditional craft show attracts many visitors from home and a every year.
6. The world has suffered too many w, and now people value peace more than ever.
7. You should tell him the truth. It's his r to know what happened.
8. B eating properly, the model always devotes as much time as she can to shaping her body every day.

B）1. spread 2. coach 3. progress 4. virus 5. abroad 6. wars 7. right 8. Besides

【分析】
这类题是根据首字母提示和句意填写正确单词，解题思路为：先通读句子理解语境，明确空缺处的含义；再结合首字母提示，回忆符合语义的英语词汇；最后根据句子的语法规则（如名词单复数、固定搭配、介词用法等）确定单词的正确形式，确保句子通顺合理。
【解析】
1. 句意：政府正采取行动控制我市流感的快速传播。首字母为s，“spread”作名词时意为“传播”，符合语境，故填spread。
2. 句意：他们的一个朋友有望成为这场精彩比赛的教练。首字母为c，“coach”意为“教练”，符合语义，故填coach。
3. 句意：他的网球技术取得了很大进步，教练忍不住表扬他。首字母为p，“progress”意为“进步”，为不可数名词，符合“取得进步”的搭配，故填progress。
4. 句意：戴口罩可以阻止病毒在人群中传播。首字母为v，“virus”意为“病毒”，符合语境，故填virus。
5. 句意：这个传统工艺展每年吸引许多国内外的游客。“home and abroad”是固定搭配，意为“国内外”，首字母为a，故填abroad。
6. 句意：世界经历了太多战争，现在人们比以往更珍惜和平。many后接可数名词复数，首字母为w，“war”的复数形式为“wars”，符合语境，故填wars。
7. 句意：你应该告诉他真相，他有权知道发生了什么。“it's one's right to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“某人有权做某事”，首字母为r，故填right。
8. 句意：除了合理饮食，这位模特每天还尽可能花时间塑造身材。首字母为B，“Besides”意为“除……之外（还）”，符合语境，故填Besides。
【答案】
B）1. spread 2. coach 3. progress 4. virus 5. abroad 6. wars 7. right 8. Besides
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、固定搭配、名词单复数
【点评】
本题为初中英语常见的首字母填空题，主要考查基础词汇的掌握、语境理解及语法规则的运用，需结合句意、首字母提示和固定搭配等作答，整体难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6

三、短文填空
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。
When I was six, a new family moved into the house next door. There was a girl, Frances, who was about my 1. a. We became best friends soon. I was too young to notice the sad 2. s in her life, but my mother did.
Mum found that Frances never invited 3. a into their house. Her mother went to work very early in the morning and came back looking very 4. t and pale(苍白的). Her two brothers wore dirty clothes and were never at home. Frances was always hungry, and her clothes were often too small. Her family's situation was too difficult to 5. a new clothes for the children.
One day, Mum asked me, "Would you mind if I gave Frances some of your clothes?" I agreed. From then on, I saw 6. h Mum treated her with kindness, like a second daughter. And sometimes they would just sit together and talk while I was doing something else. This continued for years, 7. u we were both teenagers. But then her mother decided they were moving back to Ireland. We 8. p to write to each other.
Years later, Mum received a letter from Frances. It said, "I have used your mother's 9. e as my guide to care for people around me. Now, I work to help children in similar situations, and I run a successful charity supporting poor children. Your mother has 10. t me what proper care feels like. We never know how our kindness will influence others, but it's always worth trying."

1. age 2. situation 3. anyone 4. tired 5. afford 6. how 7. until 8. promised 9. example 10. taught

【分析】
解答短文填空时，需先通读全文把握整体语境，再结合每个空的首字母提示、上下文语义及语法规则确定合适的单词，同时注意单词的正确形式（如时态、词性等）。具体到本题：需根据每空首字母，结合语境匹配对应词汇，同时关注语法细节（如否定句代词、时态变化等）。
【解析】
1. 由前文“who was about my”可知，此处指女孩和我年龄相仿，首字母为a，故填age；
2. 结合“the sad...in her life”，妈妈注意到她生活里的悲伤状况，首字母为s，故填situation；
3. 否定句中表示“任何人”，首字母为a，故填anyone；
4. 描述妈妈早出晚归后的疲惫状态，“tired and pale”符合语境，首字母为t，故填tired；
5. 家庭困难，负担不起新衣服，“afford sth”表负担得起，首字母为a，故填afford；
6. 此处指看到妈妈如何对待Frances，首字母为h，故填how；
7. 表示“持续到我们成为青少年”，首字母为u，故填until；
8. 过去承诺互相写信，用一般过去时，首字母为p，故填promised；
9. 以妈妈的榜样为指引，首字母为e，故填example；
10. 现在完成时，妈妈教会我，首字母为t，故填taught。
【答案】
age, situation, anyone, tired, afford, how, until, promised, example, taught
【知识点】
词汇运用、语境理解、语法知识
【点评】
本题为短文填空题型，重点考查学生基础词汇掌握及语篇语境理解能力，要求结合首字母提示准确填写单词并注意形式，难度适中，有助于提升英语综合运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.7