五、核心素养社会主义先进文化）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
主题群:生活与学习 子主题:饮食与健康 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
May 20th is National Students' Nutrition(营养) Day. Why 1. (be) it important?
Just as a smartphone 2. (need) electricity(电), we need energy from food.
3. (eat) is the most important way to make us strong. What we eat and how we eat are both important 4. they decide(决定) if(是否) we can get good nutrition. Many of us have unhealthy eating habits. Some 5. (not have) breakfast. Some eat too much fast food. Others often eat some food 6. too much sugar. And those sweet snacks are also bad for our 7. (tooth). These bad habits are really bad for 8. (student) growth(成长). More and more students of Chinese primary and middle schools are now having nutrition meals, such as milk and fruit.
The government(政府) will spend a lot of money 9. (help) students have healthy meals. More and more students know that 10. healthy diet means a lot.

1. is 2. needs 3. Eating 4. because 5. don't have 6. with 7. teeth 8. students' 9. helping 10. a

【分析】
这是一篇关于学生营养日的说明文，考查语法与词汇的综合运用。解题思路：先通读短文把握主旨，再结合句子结构、时态、词性、逻辑关系、固定搭配等逐一确定每个空的答案：1题根据主语和时态确定be动词；2题根据主语单三确定动词形式；3题根据动词作主语的规则确定形式；4题根据前后逻辑关系选连词；5题根据一般现在时否定句规则填空；6题根据介词用法选词；7题根据名词复数规则变形；8题根据名词所有格规则填空；9题根据固定搭配确定形式；10题根据冠词用法填空。
【解析】
1. 主语it为第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，be动词用is；
2. 主语a smartphone是单数，一般现在时中谓语动词用第三人称单数形式needs；
3. 动词作主语需用动名词形式，故填Eating；
4. 前后句为因果关系，后句解释原因，用连词because；
5. 一般现在时的否定句，主语some指代复数人，助动词用don't，后接动词原形have；
6. 表示“带有”的含义，用介词with；
7. tooth的复数形式为teeth，此处指多颗牙齿，用复数；
8. 修饰名词growth，需用复数名词的所有格，故填students'；
9. 固定搭配spend...(in) doing sth，故填helping；
10. 泛指“一种健康的饮食”，diet为可数名词单数，用不定冠词a。
【答案】
1. is 2. needs 3. Eating 4. because 5. don't have 6. with 7. teeth 8. students' 9. helping 10. a
【知识点】
一般现在时、固定搭配、词性转换
【点评】
本题结合生活主题，考查学生基础语法与词汇的运用能力，难度适中，需掌握核心语法规则和常用搭配。
【难度系数】
0.6

六、任务型阅读。
主题群:生活与学习 子主题:健康生活 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
Do you know how to be a healthy kid? Here are some rules you should follow.
First, eat different foods, especially fruit and vegetables. If you eat different foods, you will probably get more nutrients your body needs.
Second, drink water and milk as often as possible. When you are really thirsty, water is the No. 1 choice. Milk is a great drink that can give you more calcium your body needs to grow strong bones.
Third, listen to your body. When you're eating, notice how your body feels. When your stomach feels comfortably full, eating too much will not make you feel comfortable but make you fat.
Fourth, limit screen time. Screen time is the time you spend watching TV and videos, or using smartphones and computers. You can't watch TV for more than two hours a day.
Fifth, be active. One thing you'd like to do, as a kid, is to find out which activity you like best. Find ways to be active every day.
Follow these rules and you can be a healthy kid.
根据短文内容,回答下列问题。(每题答案不超过6个词)
1. How many rules does the passage have?
2. Why do kids need to eat different foods?
3. What does the writer think of milk?
4. According to the passage, how long can kids watch TV?
5. How can a kid be healthy?

1. Five. 2. To get more nutrients. 3. It is a great drink. 4. For less than two hours. 5. By following the five rules.

【分析】本题为任务型阅读的回答问题题型，需根据每个问题定位原文对应内容，提炼符合“答案不超过6个词”要求的答案。具体思路：1. 数原文列出的规则数量；2. 找吃不同食物的原因；3. 找作者对牛奶的评价；4. 找允许看电视的时长；5. 找保持健康的方法，所有答案均来自原文，无需额外发挥。
【解析】1. 定位原文中First到Fifth的规则，共5条，故答案为Five；2. 定位第二段最后一句，吃不同食物可获得更多身体所需营养，提炼为To get more nutrients；3. 定位第三段最后一句，作者认为牛奶是很棒的饮品，故答案为It is a great drink；4. 定位Fourth部分，原文指出每天看电视不能超过两小时，即不超过两小时，提炼为For less than two hours；5. 定位最后一段，遵循前面的五条规则可保持健康，提炼为By following the five rules。
【答案】1. Five. 2. To get more nutrients. 3. It is a great drink. 4. For less than two hours. 5. By following the five rules.
【知识点】任务型阅读、健康生活类阅读理解
【点评】本题围绕健康生活主题设置任务型阅读问题，答案均来自原文，需学生精准定位信息并控制答案字数，难度适中，适合中等水平学生完成。
【难度系数】0.6