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B
Miss Martha Meacham kept the little bakery on the corner. At forty, she had two false teeth and a sympathetic(同情的) heart. She has two thousand dollars in the bank. Many people, who were not as good as Miss Martha, had married.
A customer came in two or three times a week, and soon Miss Martha began to take an interest in him. He was a quiet, middle-aged man, wearing glasses and a brown beard. ___①____ His clothes were always old and patched. But he looked tidy and had very good manners. He always bought two loaves of stale bread. Fresh bread was five cents a loaf, while stale loaves were two for five. ___②____
Once, while serving him, Miss Martha saw a red and brown mark(污点) on the customer’s fingers.
___③____ She was sure then that he was an artist and very poor. No doubt he lived in an attic(阁楼), where he painted pictures, ate stale bread and thought of the good things to eat in Miss Martha’s bakery. ____④___
Miss Martha’s heart was a sympathetic one. To check if she was right about his job, she took a painting from her room and put it behind the bread counter(柜台). No artist could fail to notice it.
Two days later, the customer came in.
“Two loaves of stale bread, if you please.”
“You have here a fine picture, madam,” he said while she was packing the bread.
“Yes?” said Miss Martha, pleased with her cleverness. “Do you think it is a good picture?”
“The palace,” said the customer, “is not in good drawing. The perspective(透视画法) of it is not true. Goodbye, madam.”
He took his bread, bowed and hurried out.
Yes, he must be an artist. How gently and kindly his eyes shone behind his glasses! To be able to judge perspective at a quick look—and to live on stale bread. But talented people often have to go through difficulties before they succeed.
What a thing it would be for art and perspective if genius were supported by two thousand dollars in the bank, a bakery and a sympathetic heart—but these were daydreams.
Now, when he came, he would often chat for a while with Miss Martha. He kept on buying stale bread, never a cake, never a pie. She thought he began to look thinner and lost heart. She wanted to offer something good to him, but she was afraid of hurting him. She knew the pride(骄傲) of artists.
( )34. We can put the sentence “Never did he call for anything but stale bread.” in _______.
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④
( )35. Why did Miss Martha put the painting behind the bread counter?
A. To test if the customer was an artist.
B. To sell the painting to help the poor artist.
C. To show her personal art collection and taste.
D. To decorate the shop and attract more customers.
( )36. How does the writer mainly develop the story?
A. By describing the setting in great detail.
B. By showing scenes between two locations.
C. By using long dialogues between characters.
D. By exploring Miss Martha’s thoughts and feelings.
( )37. What might happen later according to the last paragraph of the story?
A. Miss Martha would offer the man stale bread for free.
B. Miss Martha would lend some of her money to the man.
C. Miss Martha would secretly add something to the stale bread.
D. Miss Martha would give him fresh bread instead of stale one.
Miss Martha Meacham kept the little bakery on the corner. At forty, she had two false teeth and a sympathetic(同情的) heart. She has two thousand dollars in the bank. Many people, who were not as good as Miss Martha, had married.
A customer came in two or three times a week, and soon Miss Martha began to take an interest in him. He was a quiet, middle-aged man, wearing glasses and a brown beard. ___①____ His clothes were always old and patched. But he looked tidy and had very good manners. He always bought two loaves of stale bread. Fresh bread was five cents a loaf, while stale loaves were two for five. ___②____
Once, while serving him, Miss Martha saw a red and brown mark(污点) on the customer’s fingers.
___③____ She was sure then that he was an artist and very poor. No doubt he lived in an attic(阁楼), where he painted pictures, ate stale bread and thought of the good things to eat in Miss Martha’s bakery. ____④___
Miss Martha’s heart was a sympathetic one. To check if she was right about his job, she took a painting from her room and put it behind the bread counter(柜台). No artist could fail to notice it.
Two days later, the customer came in.
“Two loaves of stale bread, if you please.”
“You have here a fine picture, madam,” he said while she was packing the bread.
“Yes?” said Miss Martha, pleased with her cleverness. “Do you think it is a good picture?”
“The palace,” said the customer, “is not in good drawing. The perspective(透视画法) of it is not true. Goodbye, madam.”
He took his bread, bowed and hurried out.
Yes, he must be an artist. How gently and kindly his eyes shone behind his glasses! To be able to judge perspective at a quick look—and to live on stale bread. But talented people often have to go through difficulties before they succeed.
What a thing it would be for art and perspective if genius were supported by two thousand dollars in the bank, a bakery and a sympathetic heart—but these were daydreams.
Now, when he came, he would often chat for a while with Miss Martha. He kept on buying stale bread, never a cake, never a pie. She thought he began to look thinner and lost heart. She wanted to offer something good to him, but she was afraid of hurting him. She knew the pride(骄傲) of artists.
( )34. We can put the sentence “Never did he call for anything but stale bread.” in _______.
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④
( )35. Why did Miss Martha put the painting behind the bread counter?
A. To test if the customer was an artist.
B. To sell the painting to help the poor artist.
C. To show her personal art collection and taste.
D. To decorate the shop and attract more customers.
( )36. How does the writer mainly develop the story?
A. By describing the setting in great detail.
B. By showing scenes between two locations.
C. By using long dialogues between characters.
D. By exploring Miss Martha’s thoughts and feelings.
( )37. What might happen later according to the last paragraph of the story?
A. Miss Martha would offer the man stale bread for free.
B. Miss Martha would lend some of her money to the man.
C. Miss Martha would secretly add something to the stale bread.
D. Miss Martha would give him fresh bread instead of stale one.
答案
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了面包店女店主 Martha 对一位疑似艺术家的顾客产生同情，并通过试探性行为验证其身份的故事。
34. B 补全文章题。根据文章第二段“He always bought two loaves of stale bread... stale loaves were two for five.”可知，顾客只买不新鲜的面包。题干句“Never did he call for anything but stale bread.”是对这一行为的总结，应插入描述其购买习惯的②处。故选 B。
35. A 推理判断题。根据第四段“To check if she was right about his job, she took a painting...”可知，Martha 放画是为了验证顾客是否是艺术家。选项 A“测试顾客是否为艺术家”与原文一致。故选 A。
36. D 写作手法题。全文通过大量心理描写推进情节，如“Miss Martha's heart was a sympathetic one.”“How gently and kindly his eyes shone...”等，均围绕 Martha 的内心活动展开。选项 D“通过探索 Martha 的想法和感受”正确。故选 D。
37. C 推理判断题。根据段尾“She wanted to offer something good to him, but she was afraid of hurting him.”及前文对艺术家自尊的强调可推知，Martha 可能采取隐蔽方式帮助他。选项 C“偷偷在不新鲜的陈面包里加东西”最符合逻辑。故选 C。
34. B 补全文章题。根据文章第二段“He always bought two loaves of stale bread... stale loaves were two for five.”可知，顾客只买不新鲜的面包。题干句“Never did he call for anything but stale bread.”是对这一行为的总结，应插入描述其购买习惯的②处。故选 B。
35. A 推理判断题。根据第四段“To check if she was right about his job, she took a painting...”可知，Martha 放画是为了验证顾客是否是艺术家。选项 A“测试顾客是否为艺术家”与原文一致。故选 A。
36. D 写作手法题。全文通过大量心理描写推进情节，如“Miss Martha's heart was a sympathetic one.”“How gently and kindly his eyes shone...”等，均围绕 Martha 的内心活动展开。选项 D“通过探索 Martha 的想法和感受”正确。故选 D。
37. C 推理判断题。根据段尾“She wanted to offer something good to him, but she was afraid of hurting him.”及前文对艺术家自尊的强调可推知，Martha 可能采取隐蔽方式帮助他。选项 C“偷偷在不新鲜的陈面包里加东西”最符合逻辑。故选 C。
解析
【分析】
我拿到这道题首先先明确这是一篇记叙文类阅读理解，4道题分别对应句子复位、细节理解、写作手法判断、情节推理四类常见考点：
1. 做第34题时，先翻译待插入句子的含义“他从来只索要陈面包，除此之外什么都不要”，再逐一比对四个空位前后的内容，找和“顾客只买陈面包”这个购买习惯匹配的位置，就能快速锁定衔接最顺的空位。
2. 第35题直接回文定位玛莎放画的相关描述，找到原文对应的目的句，就能直接匹配正确选项，排除无中生有的干扰项。
3. 第36题梳理全文的叙事逻辑，统计不同描写内容的占比，就能判断出故事推进的核心线索。
4. 第37题结合最后一段给出的“玛莎想帮助对方又怕伤害艺术家的自尊”的前提，排除所有会暴露帮助行为的选项，就能选出最符合逻辑的后续情节。
【解析】
34. 先理解待插入句“Never did he call for anything but stale bread.”的含义是“他从来只买陈面包，别的什么都不要”：
①处前后是对顾客外貌、穿着的介绍，和购买行为无关，衔接突兀，排除A；
②处前文刚说明顾客总是买两条陈面包，还介绍了新鲜面包和陈面包的定价，该句刚好是对顾客购买习惯的总结，上下文衔接自然；
③处前后是玛莎发现顾客手指上的污点、进而猜测他是艺术家的内容，插入该句逻辑完全断裂，排除C；
④处前后是玛莎脑补顾客在阁楼作画的生活场景，和该句内容不匹配，排除D。因此选B。
35. 根据原文第五段明确描述“To check if she was right about his job, she took a painting from her room and put it behind the bread counter”，可知玛莎放画的目的是验证自己对顾客职业的猜测是否正确，也就是测试对方是不是艺术家。B选项“卖画帮穷人”、C选项“展示个人品味”、D选项“装饰店铺吸引顾客”原文均无提及，全部排除，因此选A。
36. 通读全文可知，故事绝大多数篇幅都在描写玛莎的心理活动：从对顾客产生兴趣，到脑补他是穷困艺术家，试探后更加确信自己的猜测，最后心生同情想要帮助对方，全程围绕玛莎的想法和感受推进情节。A选项“详细描写背景”、B选项“两个地点的场景切换”、C选项“人物间的长对话”都不符合原文的叙事特点，因此选D。
37. 根据最后一段内容，玛莎想要给顾客提供好的食物，但是又害怕伤害到艺术家的自尊心，因此她不会选择明面上的帮助：A免费提供陈面包、B直接借钱、D直接给新鲜面包都很容易被顾客察觉，会伤到对方的骄傲，不符合她的顾虑；只有“偷偷在陈面包里加东西”是隐蔽的帮助方式，完全符合人物的行为逻辑，因此选C。
【答案】
34.B 35.A 36.D 37.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，阅读理解推理判断，阅读理解写作手法
【点评】
本题是典型的初中记叙文阅读题，考点覆盖全面，既考查学生定位原文细节的基础能力，也考查学生梳理叙事线索、结合人物性格推导后续情节的综合能力，解题时要紧扣文本给出的线索，不要脱离原文主观臆断，尤其是最后一道推理题要结合前文铺垫的人物心理逻辑判断，正确率会很高。
【难度系数】
0.7
我拿到这道题首先先明确这是一篇记叙文类阅读理解，4道题分别对应句子复位、细节理解、写作手法判断、情节推理四类常见考点：
1. 做第34题时，先翻译待插入句子的含义“他从来只索要陈面包，除此之外什么都不要”，再逐一比对四个空位前后的内容，找和“顾客只买陈面包”这个购买习惯匹配的位置，就能快速锁定衔接最顺的空位。
2. 第35题直接回文定位玛莎放画的相关描述，找到原文对应的目的句，就能直接匹配正确选项，排除无中生有的干扰项。
3. 第36题梳理全文的叙事逻辑，统计不同描写内容的占比，就能判断出故事推进的核心线索。
4. 第37题结合最后一段给出的“玛莎想帮助对方又怕伤害艺术家的自尊”的前提，排除所有会暴露帮助行为的选项，就能选出最符合逻辑的后续情节。
【解析】
34. 先理解待插入句“Never did he call for anything but stale bread.”的含义是“他从来只买陈面包，别的什么都不要”：
①处前后是对顾客外貌、穿着的介绍，和购买行为无关，衔接突兀，排除A；
②处前文刚说明顾客总是买两条陈面包，还介绍了新鲜面包和陈面包的定价，该句刚好是对顾客购买习惯的总结，上下文衔接自然；
③处前后是玛莎发现顾客手指上的污点、进而猜测他是艺术家的内容，插入该句逻辑完全断裂，排除C；
④处前后是玛莎脑补顾客在阁楼作画的生活场景，和该句内容不匹配，排除D。因此选B。
35. 根据原文第五段明确描述“To check if she was right about his job, she took a painting from her room and put it behind the bread counter”，可知玛莎放画的目的是验证自己对顾客职业的猜测是否正确，也就是测试对方是不是艺术家。B选项“卖画帮穷人”、C选项“展示个人品味”、D选项“装饰店铺吸引顾客”原文均无提及，全部排除，因此选A。
36. 通读全文可知，故事绝大多数篇幅都在描写玛莎的心理活动：从对顾客产生兴趣，到脑补他是穷困艺术家，试探后更加确信自己的猜测，最后心生同情想要帮助对方，全程围绕玛莎的想法和感受推进情节。A选项“详细描写背景”、B选项“两个地点的场景切换”、C选项“人物间的长对话”都不符合原文的叙事特点，因此选D。
37. 根据最后一段内容，玛莎想要给顾客提供好的食物，但是又害怕伤害到艺术家的自尊心，因此她不会选择明面上的帮助：A免费提供陈面包、B直接借钱、D直接给新鲜面包都很容易被顾客察觉，会伤到对方的骄傲，不符合她的顾虑；只有“偷偷在陈面包里加东西”是隐蔽的帮助方式，完全符合人物的行为逻辑，因此选C。
【答案】
34.B 35.A 36.D 37.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找，阅读理解推理判断，阅读理解写作手法
【点评】
本题是典型的初中记叙文阅读题，考点覆盖全面，既考查学生定位原文细节的基础能力，也考查学生梳理叙事线索、结合人物性格推导后续情节的综合能力，解题时要紧扣文本给出的线索，不要脱离原文主观臆断，尤其是最后一道推理题要结合前文铺垫的人物心理逻辑判断，正确率会很高。
【难度系数】
0.7
