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五、首字母填空
根据短文内容及首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
体裁：记叙文 主题：中华文化 难度：★★★★★ 建议用时：8 min 正确率： /10
新素养·文化意识（原创）During the Spring and Autumn Period(770—476 BCE), Helyu, the king of the Wu State, was defeated by Goujian, the king of the Yue State. Helyu's son, Fuchai, became king and decided to take revenge(报仇).
A few years later, Wu beat Yue and caught Goujian and his wife, making them Fuchai's slaves(奴隶). To s 1 them, Fuchai made them take care of horses and guard his father's tomb(坟墓). Goujian h 2 his anger and acted nicely. He even cared for Fuchai day and night when the king was sick.
Goujian's actions finally made Fuchai trust him, allowing him to r 3 to Yue. Once home, Goujian promised never to forget his s 4 . To keep himself focused, he slept on brushwood and tasted gall every morning.
The cold bed and bitter taste helped him remember his goal. For years, Goujian worked hard to make Yue strong. He worked in the fields with farmers and trained with s 5 . He also sent Xi Shi, a beautiful woman, to Fuchai to make him w 6 and less focused. In 473 BCE, Goujian s 7 led his army to take over Wu. Feeling ashamed, Fuchai took his own life.
“Sleeping on Brushwood and Tasting Gall” means that those who fall from greatness can still succeed again, as long as they have the w 8 . When Goujian fell from king to slave, he seemed to lose everything. H 9 , he tried to bear the bitterness and kept fighting. It was this s 10 that brought him success in the end.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
根据短文内容及首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
体裁：记叙文 主题：中华文化 难度：★★★★★ 建议用时：8 min 正确率： /10
新素养·文化意识（原创）During the Spring and Autumn Period(770—476 BCE), Helyu, the king of the Wu State, was defeated by Goujian, the king of the Yue State. Helyu's son, Fuchai, became king and decided to take revenge(报仇).
A few years later, Wu beat Yue and caught Goujian and his wife, making them Fuchai's slaves(奴隶). To s 1 them, Fuchai made them take care of horses and guard his father's tomb(坟墓). Goujian h 2 his anger and acted nicely. He even cared for Fuchai day and night when the king was sick.
Goujian's actions finally made Fuchai trust him, allowing him to r 3 to Yue. Once home, Goujian promised never to forget his s 4 . To keep himself focused, he slept on brushwood and tasted gall every morning.
The cold bed and bitter taste helped him remember his goal. For years, Goujian worked hard to make Yue strong. He worked in the fields with farmers and trained with s 5 . He also sent Xi Shi, a beautiful woman, to Fuchai to make him w 6 and less focused. In 473 BCE, Goujian s 7 led his army to take over Wu. Feeling ashamed, Fuchai took his own life.
“Sleeping on Brushwood and Tasting Gall” means that those who fall from greatness can still succeed again, as long as they have the w 8 . When Goujian fell from king to slave, he seemed to lose everything. H 9 , he tried to bear the bitterness and kept fighting. It was this s 10 that brought him success in the end.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了春秋时期越王勾践在战败沦为吴王夫差的奴隶后，忍辱负重，通过卧薪尝胆激励自己，最终成功灭吴复仇的故事。
1. shame 根据空后“Fuchai made them take care of horses and guard his father's tomb”可知夫差让勾践和妻子照顾马匹，守卫父亲的坟墓是为了羞辱勾践。故填 shame。
2. hid 根据下文“He even cared for Fuchai day and night when the king was sick.”可知夫差生病时，勾践日夜照顾他，由此可知勾践藏起怒火，表现得很好；根据空后“acted”可知句子时态是一般过去时。故填 hid。
3. return 根据下文“Once home”可知勾践回到了越国。故填 return。
4. suffering 根据上文“Fuchai made them take care of horses and guard his father's tomb”可知勾践发誓不会忘记在吴国遭受的苦难。故填 suffering。
5. soldiers 根据空前“He worked in the fields with farmers and trained with”可知勾践和农民一起在田里干活，和士兵一起训练。故填 soldiers。
6. weaker 根据上文“Goujian worked hard to make Yue strong”可知勾践努力让越国强大，同时派西施让吴国变弱；根据空后“and less focused”可知此处应用比较级。故填 weaker。
7. successfully 根据下文“Feeling ashamed, Fuchai took his own life.”可知夫差自杀了，由此可知勾践成功覆灭吴国。故填 successfully。
8. will 根据上文勾践成功灭吴的故事和空前“‘Sleeping on Brushwood and Tasting Gall’ means that those who fall from greatness can still succeed again”可知“卧薪尝胆”意味着只要有意志，失败的人仍然可以再次成功。故填 will。
9. However 上文“When Goujian fell from king to slave, he seemed to lose everything.”和下文“he tried to bear the bitterness and kept fighting”是转折关系。故填 However。
10. spirit 根据上文“he tried to bear the bitterness and kept fighting”可知勾践忍受痛苦，继续战斗，这一精神带来了成功。故填 spirit。
1. shame 根据空后“Fuchai made them take care of horses and guard his father's tomb”可知夫差让勾践和妻子照顾马匹，守卫父亲的坟墓是为了羞辱勾践。故填 shame。
2. hid 根据下文“He even cared for Fuchai day and night when the king was sick.”可知夫差生病时，勾践日夜照顾他，由此可知勾践藏起怒火，表现得很好；根据空后“acted”可知句子时态是一般过去时。故填 hid。
3. return 根据下文“Once home”可知勾践回到了越国。故填 return。
4. suffering 根据上文“Fuchai made them take care of horses and guard his father's tomb”可知勾践发誓不会忘记在吴国遭受的苦难。故填 suffering。
5. soldiers 根据空前“He worked in the fields with farmers and trained with”可知勾践和农民一起在田里干活，和士兵一起训练。故填 soldiers。
6. weaker 根据上文“Goujian worked hard to make Yue strong”可知勾践努力让越国强大，同时派西施让吴国变弱；根据空后“and less focused”可知此处应用比较级。故填 weaker。
7. successfully 根据下文“Feeling ashamed, Fuchai took his own life.”可知夫差自杀了，由此可知勾践成功覆灭吴国。故填 successfully。
8. will 根据上文勾践成功灭吴的故事和空前“‘Sleeping on Brushwood and Tasting Gall’ means that those who fall from greatness can still succeed again”可知“卧薪尝胆”意味着只要有意志，失败的人仍然可以再次成功。故填 will。
9. However 上文“When Goujian fell from king to slave, he seemed to lose everything.”和下文“he tried to bear the bitterness and kept fighting”是转折关系。故填 However。
10. spirit 根据上文“he tried to bear the bitterness and kept fighting”可知勾践忍受痛苦，继续战斗，这一精神带来了成功。故填 spirit。
