Passage 2
dark them big can information
as almost below be easy shine
Lanternfish(灯笼鱼) are fish that 1 carry their own lights. Most lanternfish are brown on top and silver underneath(在下面). If you want to find 2, you must go deep into the sea. 3 you go deeper and deeper, the daylight becomes darker and darker. At over 200 metres 4 the surface of the water, the daylight is 5 gone. The water is 6 blue. There you will find lanternfish. There 7 over 230 different kinds of lanternfish in the world. Most lanternfish are just as long as your finger. Even the 8 lanternfish are only about 15 centimetres long. The fish use their lights to help them catch food 9. They also use their lights to send 10 so that they can recognize(认出) each other. At night, they may swim up near the surface of the sea. Their lights 11 like stars under the water. Lanternfish are one of the wonders of the sea.
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10. 11.

1. can 2. them 3. As 4. below 5. almost
6. dark 7. are 8. biggest 9. easily 10. information
11. shine

【分析】
本题为英语选词填空题，需结合上下文语境、语法规则（如词性变化、主谓一致、从句引导词等），从给定词汇中选择合适的词，部分词汇需根据句子结构调整词形（如形容词变副词、原级变最高级），最终完成短文填空。
【解析】
1. 分析定语从句：先行词lanternfish为复数，从句需表达“能够携带自身光源”，情态动词can符合语境，故填can。
2. 分析代词用法：前文介绍灯笼鱼，此处需代词作find的宾语，宾格them指代灯笼鱼，故填them。
3. 分析从句逻辑：此处引导时间状语从句，表达“随着你越往深处走”，as符合用法，故填As。
4. 分析方位表达：“在水面以下200多米”，below表示“在……下方”，符合语境，故填below。
5. 分析副词用法：修饰gone需副词，almost表示“几乎”，符合“日光几乎消失”的语义，故填almost。
6. 分析形容词搭配：“深蓝色”为dark blue，此处需形容词修饰blue，dark符合，故填dark。
7. 分析there be句型：主语为over 230 different kinds（复数），一般现在时，be动词用are，故填are。
8. 分析形容词最高级：前文提到多数灯笼鱼和手指一样长，even强调“最大的”，需用big的最高级biggest，故填biggest。
9. 分析副词用法：修饰动词catch需副词，easy的副词形式easily符合语境，故填easily。
10. 分析名词用法：send后接名词，information表示“信息”，符合“发送信息以互相识别”的语义，故填information。
11. 分析动词用法：此处表示“光像星星一样发光”，shine符合语义，主语为复数，用原形，故填shine。
【答案】
1. can 2. them 3. As 4. below 5. almost 6. dark 7. are 8. biggest 9. easily 10. information 11. shine
【知识点】
选词填空、形容词与副词的用法、主谓一致
【点评】
本题为结合语境的英语选词填空题，重点考查词汇词义辨析、词性变化及基础语法（如there be句型、时间状语从句），解题时需紧密联系上下文逻辑，准确判断词汇的词性和形式，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

Passage 3
detailed guide shallow without actual
practice short for lead shadow only
In our study life, we may often face a 1 of time or effective ways to solve difficult problems, which makes us feel confused and lost. At this moment, a good learning 2 — maybe a patient teacher or a hard-working top student — can show us a clear and right path forward, 3 us to avoid
detours in our study journey.
Some students hold a 4 belief that good grades come only from staying up late to memorize knowledge mechanically, but this is 5 a wrong idea. The real aim of learning is to master 6 skills and develop the ability to think independently. Once, I narrowly failed my final maths exam just because I copied others' problem-solving steps 7 understanding the logic behind them. After that, I changed my learning method: I started to take 8 notes in class, summarize my mistakes regularly, and ask teachers 9 help bravely when I met problems.
Day by day, I found that the 10 of failure was fading away, and my grades improved little by little. The best learning method is not about spending endless time, but about thinking actively and practising efficiently. 11 in this way can we move steadily towards our goals and make greater progress.
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10. 11.

1. shortage 2. guide 3. leading 4. shallow
5. actually 6. practical 7. without 8. detailed 9. for
10. shadow 11. Only

【分析】
本题为英语选词填空题，解题思路如下：1. 通读全文，把握文章围绕“学习方法”展开的主题，理解上下文语境；2. 逐个分析每个空格的句子成分、所需词性，结合语境从给定词汇中筛选合适的词，同时注意词形变化（如动词变非谓语、形容词变副词等）；3. 验证所选词汇是否符合语法规则和语义逻辑，确保答案准确。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配：a shortage of意为“短缺”，结合语境“面临时间或有效方法的短缺”，填shortage；
2. 语境：此处指学习上的引路人，填guide；
3. 非谓语动词：此处用现在分词作结果状语，表主动关系，填lead的现在分词leading；
4. 形容词修饰名词：修饰名词belief，结合语境“肤浅的信念”，填shallow；
5. 副词修饰形容词：修饰形容词wrong，填副词actually；
6. 形容词修饰名词：修饰名词skills，结合“实用技能”，填practical；
7. 介词：结合语境“没有理解逻辑就抄步骤”，填without；
8. 固定搭配：take detailed notes意为“记详细笔记”，填detailed；
9. 固定搭配：ask sb for help意为“向某人求助”，填for；
10. 语境：结合“失败的阴影消退”，填shadow；
11. 倒装句：“Only+状语”置于句首时句子倒装，此处填Only；
【答案】
1. shortage 2. guide 3. leading 4. shallow 5. actually 6. practical 7. without 8. detailed 9. for 10. shadow 11. Only
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、固定搭配、非谓语动词
【点评】
本题考查词汇在具体语境中的灵活运用，涉及固定搭配、非谓语、副词用法及特殊句式，难度适中，学生结合语境分析即可完成。
【难度系数】
0.5