一、根据句意及所给中文提示、首字母或英文解释，写出句中所缺单词，每空限填一词。
1. The typhoon(台风) passed quickly and didn't (导致) too much trouble.
2. — (知识) is a treasure. — So it is, but practice is the key to it.
3. The hall in our school is big enough to (容纳) about 2,000 students.
4. [2025扬州期中改编]Plants are so important because they influence the (气候), the animals and the people.
5. There are (大量) of books about science in our school library.
6. — Where is Harbin?
— It's in the (东北) of China. It is very beautiful and famous for its ice and snow.
7. [2024济宁]Eating too much junk food is h to your health.
8. — How did you like the summer camp?
— It was wonderful. It i many interesting activities, like singing and drawing.
9. My English teacher, Linda, often (to give sb. support) us to share nice food with our friends.
10. — What do you think of John Wilson?
— In my opinion, he is organized and helpful, and (so) you can trust him.

1. cause
2. Knowledge
3. hold
4. climate
5. plenty
6. north-east
7. harmful
8. included
9. encourages
10. therefore

【分析】本题是根据句意及提示填写单词的基础词汇题型，需结合句子语境、中文释义、首字母或英文解释，同时关注单词的词性、时态、单复数及固定搭配等语法细节，确保填写的单词符合句子逻辑和语法要求。
【解析】1. 句意为台风快速经过，未造成太多麻烦，“导致”对应动词cause，助动词didn't后接动词原形，故填cause；2. 句意为“知识是财富”，“知识”对应名词Knowledge，位于句首首字母大写，故填Knowledge；3. 句意为学校大厅足够大能容纳约2000名学生，“容纳”对应动词hold，enough to do结构中用动词原形，故填hold；4. 句意为植物影响气候、动物和人类，“气候”对应名词climate，故填climate；5. 句意为图书馆有大量科学类书籍，“大量”对应固定搭配plenty of，故填plenty；6. 句意为哈尔滨在中国东北，“东北”对应north-east，故填north-east；7. 句意为吃太多垃圾食品对健康有害，首字母h对应固定搭配be harmful to，故填harmful；8. 句意为夏令营包含很多活动，首字母i，结合语境用一般过去时，故填included；9. 英文解释为“给某人支持”，对应动词encourage，主语是第三人称单数，一般现在时，故填encourages；10. 英文解释为“所以”，对应副词therefore，故填therefore。
【答案】1. cause 2. Knowledge 3. hold 4. climate 5. plenty 6. north-east 7. harmful 8. included 9. encourages 10. therefore
【知识点】英语词汇运用；单词拼写；固定搭配
【点评】本题聚焦基础词汇的掌握与运用，涵盖多种词性，涉及固定搭配、时态、大小写等细节，是英语学习的核心基础题型，适合巩固词汇基础。
【难度系数】0.6

二、根据句意或句子的语法要求，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. [2024 龙东地区]— Peter, the music sounds too (noise). Please turn it down.
— Sorry, I'll do it at once.
2. In autumn, the (leaf) on the trees turn yellow and fall down.
3. Tom and Paul (act) wonderfully in the school play yesterday.
4. — Do you know how many (live) things there are in the world?
— Sorry, I don't know.
5. — Why did you close the window?
— To stop the wind from (blow) the paper away.
6. Many wild animals are in danger. We should treat all wild animals (kind).
7. — How many students in your class take part in outdoor activities?
— About three (five) of us.
8. — Our school will invite Mr Wang to give us a talk on (environment) protection.
— That's wonderful!
9. Daniel spent all his money trying to save the bookstore his mum left him. (sad), the business never got better, and he had to close it in the end.
10. — Red-crowned cranes need more people's help.
— Yes. People working in the reserves are doing everything they can (protect) these birds.

1. noisy
2. leaves
3. acted
4. living
5. blowing
6. kindly
7. fifths
8. environmental
9. Sadly
10. to protect

【分析】
本题为单词适当形式填空题，解题思路为：先分析每个句子的语法结构，判断空缺处所需的词性、时态、单复数等语法要求，再结合括号内单词的变形规则（如词性转换、时态变化、固定搭配、名词单复数、分数表达等）进行变形，最终得出正确形式。
【解析】
1. 句中sound是系动词，后需接形容词作表语，名词noise的形容词形式为noisy，故填noisy。
2. 句中谓语动词turn为原形，主语需用复数形式，可数名词leaf的复数为leaves，故填leaves。
3. 时间状语yesterday表过去时间，句子用一般过去时，动词act的过去式为acted，故填acted。
4. 此处需修饰名词things，应用形容词，live的形容词living表示“活的”，故填living。
5. 固定搭配stop...from doing sth中，from为介词，后接动名词，动词blow的动名词为blowing，故填blowing。
6. 此处需修饰动词treat，应用副词，形容词kind的副词形式为kindly，故填kindly。
7. 分数表达规则：分子大于1时，分母用序数词复数，five的序数词为fifth，复数为fifths，故填fifths。
8. 此处需修饰名词protection，应用形容词，名词environment的形容词形式为environmental，故填environmental。
9. 此处需修饰整个句子，应用副词，形容词sad的副词形式为Sadly，故填Sadly。
10. 固定搭配do everything one can to do sth中，不定式作目的状语，故填to protect。
【答案】
1. noisy
2. leaves
3. acted
4. living
5. blowing
6. kindly
7. fifths
8. environmental
9. Sadly
10. to protect
【知识点】
词性转换、动词时态、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词汇变形，涵盖词性转换、时态、固定搭配等核心知识点，要求学生结合句子语法规则灵活运用单词，属于基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.2