二、根据句意,用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
1. Driving in heavy rain is (risk).
2. In winter, the weather in (south) China is much warmer than that in the north.
3. A good (travel) always packs extra water.
4. Forests are a (nature) part of some ecosystems.
5. The fruit salad (include) apples, bananas and grapes.

1.risky 2.southern 3.travel(l)er
4.natural 5.includes

【分析】本题为英语词性转换填空题，需结合句子结构和句意判断空格处所需词性，再将括号内的词转换为对应词性的正确形式，具体步骤：1. 分析每个句子的成分，确定空格需填的词性（形容词、名词、动词等）；2. 运用构词法将括号内的词转换为目标词性，注意拼写细节（如travel变名词时的双写规则）；3. 验证转换后的词是否符合句意和语法要求。
【解析】1. 句意为“在大雨中开车是危险的”，be动词后需接形容词作表语，名词risk的形容词形式为risky；2. 句意为“冬天，中国南方的天气比北方暖和”，修饰名词China需用形容词，名词south的形容词形式为southern；3. 句意为“好的旅行者总是带额外的水”，形容词good后需接名词，动词travel的名词形式为traveler；4. 句意为“森林是一些生态系统的自然部分”，修饰名词part需用形容词，名词nature的形容词形式为natural；5. 句意为“水果沙拉包括苹果、香蕉和葡萄”，主语the fruit salad为第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词需用第三人称单数形式，include的第三人称单数为includes。
【答案】1. risky 2. southern 3. traveler 4. natural 5. includes
【知识点】词性转换；形容词用法；动词第三人称单数
【点评】本题考查英语基础词性转换及词形变化，需掌握常见的构词法（如名词变形容词、动词变名词等），注意特殊词的拼写规则（如travel变名词时的双写l），属于初中英语基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5

能力 提升
三、语篇填空
The undersea world is very beautiful. Now more and more people want to dive in the water to find the secrets there. Scuba diving(水肺潜水) is a new sport today. It can take you into a 1. (wonder) undersea world.
You 2. (find) many strange animals in the sea. Some are as large as a school bus. Many sea animals give out light in the dark and some have sharp 3. (tooth). 4. the day, there is enough light. Here, under the sea, everything is blue and green.
5. fish swim nearby, you can touch them with your hands. When you have bottles of air on your back, you can stay in deep water for a long time. However, you can't dive too deep. And you must be very careful when you dive in deep water.
The deep sea is not 6. easy place to live. It's cold, and it's dark, too. The deeper it is, the 7. (little) sunlight there is. At about 3,000 feet, there is no light at all. It is very dark in the sea. Many fishes have no eyes. Some have big eyes. A few have eyes on one side.
Besides the coldness and the darkness, deep-sea animals face the 8. (three) danger—other animals. Animals must find food to eat. Many animals eat plants. However, some animals eat meat. It is said that 9. (terrible) animals are the sharks. They eat almost all the other sea animals as their food. Then these sea animals have two big jobs: they need to find animals as food, and they have to try not to become other 10. (animal) meal.

1.wonderful 2.will find 3.teeth
4.During 5.When 6.an 7.less 8.third
9.the most terrible 10.animals'

【分析】
做英语语篇填空时，需结合上下文语境、语法规则、词形变化及固定搭配确定每个空的正确形式：1. 修饰名词需用形容词；2. 描述未来动作用一般将来时；3. some后接可数名词复数；4. 固定搭配需牢记；5. 时间状语从句引导词的选择；6. 不定冠词的用法（元音音素开头用an）；7. “the+比较级，the+比较级”结构；8. 序数词的用法；9. 形容词最高级的用法（表范围）；10. 名词所有格的用法。
【解析】
1. 空格修饰名词undersea world，需用形容词，故将名词wonder变为形容词wonderful；
2. 此处描述潜水时会发现的事物，是将来发生的动作，用一般将来时，故填will find；
3. some后接可数名词复数，tooth的复数形式为teeth，故填teeth；
4. 固定搭配during the day表示“在白天”，句首首字母大写，故填During；
5. 空格引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”，故填When；
6. 泛指“一个容易居住的地方”，且easy以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an，故填an；
7. 固定结构“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……越……”，little的比较级是less，故填less；
8. 此处表示“第三个危险”，需用序数词，故填third；
9. 句意为“据说最可怕的动物是鲨鱼”，范围是所有动物，用形容词最高级，terrible的最高级为the most terrible，故填the most terrible；
10. 空格修饰名词meal，表“动物们的”，用名词所有格，animal的复数所有格是animals'，故填animals'。
【答案】
1.wonderful 2.will find 3.teeth
4.During 5.When 6.an 7.less 8.third
9.the most terrible 10.animals'
【知识点】
英语语篇填空；词形变化；语法运用
【点评】
本题为英语语篇填空题，综合考查学生对词汇变形、时态、冠词、序数词、比较级最高级及固定搭配的掌握，需结合上下文语境分析，难度适中，能有效检测学生的英语基础运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6

思维 拓展
四、根据短文内容,判断正误(正确"T",错误"F")
The Sahara is the largest desert in the world. It has one of the most terrible environments on the earth. It covers an area of about 9,000,000 square kilometres. This is nearly the whole size of the United States.
The huge desert spans 11 countries. So it has many different land features(地貌特征). The most famous and beautiful one is the golden sand dune fields(沙丘地). Other land features include mountains, plateaus(高原) and so on. Some of the mountains have snow in winter. Thousands of years ago, the Sahara was not a desert at all. There were many plants and rivers. As the weather changed, it became hot and dry. Although the natural conditions are terrible, there are many plants and animals like snakes, foxes and birds living there. In some places, people grow fruit. Plants can grow there because their roots(根) can reach deep underground to get water.
More than 2,000,000 people live in the Sahara. Some of them move around from place to place with their camels. Others live in towns and cities. Camels are known as the "ships of the desert". They can travel more than a week without water or food in the desert.
The desert is not always hot. The temperature changes a lot in a day in the Sahara. And the sunshine is strong there. So people have to prepare well if they plan to visit it.
1. The Sahara Desert is 9 times larger than the United States in area. ()
2. Thousands of years ago, the Sahara was not a desert at all. ()
3. There are no living things in Sahara Desert because of the bad natural conditions. ()
4. People in the Sahara can move around from place to place with camels. ()
5. The temperature in the Sahara Desert is not always high. ()

1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T

【分析】
做这类判断正误题，需先通读全文把握大意，再逐题定位题干对应的原文语句，将题干与原文内容逐一比对，表述一致则为正确（T），不一致则为错误（F）。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段：“It covers an area of about 9,000,000 square kilometres. This is nearly the whole size of the United States.”，可知撒哈拉面积几乎和美国相当，并非9倍，故判断为F。
2. 定位原文第二段：“Thousands of years ago, the Sahara was not a desert at all.”，与题干表述完全一致，故判断为T。
3. 定位原文第二段：“Although the natural conditions are terrible, there are many plants and animals like snakes, foxes and birds living there.”，说明撒哈拉有生物，与题干“没有生物”表述矛盾，故判断为F。
4. 定位原文第三段：“Some of them move around from place to place with their camels.”，与题干表述完全一致，故判断为T。
5. 定位原文第四段：“The desert is not always hot. The temperature changes a lot in a day in the Sahara.”，与题干表述完全一致，故判断为T。
【答案】
1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】
本题是英语阅读理解中的判断正误类基础题，重点考查学生快速定位原文信息并比对判断的能力，只要仔细阅读原文、找准对应细节即可完成，属于基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8