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训练1 体裁：记叙文 主题：中华文化 难度：★★★★ 建议用时：7 min 正确率： /5
新素养·文化意识 In history, China was once in a state of war(战争). China was mainly divided into seven kingdoms: Qin, Chu, Zhao, Wei, Han, Yan, and Oi.
Zhao was one of the smaller kingdoms. It tried to control(控制) an area in the northeast. But it was not alone in the north. Surrounded by enemies, the ruler of Zhao asked for advice. He did not wish to join the war and turn more farmers into soldiers.
A clam(蛤蜊) and a snipe fought on a beach. The bird wanted to eat the clam, but the clam didn't want to be eaten.
The Zhao ruler agreed with the wise man's idea. He said, "If we fight with the Yan Kingdom, the big Qin army would join the war later. Both Yan and our state would be weak from our battles. The Qin would defeat(击败) both of us."
Toward the end of the wars, Zhao was the only strong kingdom left to confront Qin.
A. They held onto each other tightly
B. Each kingdom wanted to control over China
C. A fisherman saw their fight, caught both easily
D. One wise man described war and peace through a story
E. After several years of hard work, Zhao finally defeated Qin
F. This story has been passed down generation after generation
G. Therefore, the Zhao ruler gave up the plan to attack the Yan Kingdom
1.
新素养·文化意识 In history, China was once in a state of war(战争). China was mainly divided into seven kingdoms: Qin, Chu, Zhao, Wei, Han, Yan, and Oi.
B
1. They waged many wars, with farmers leaving their fields to fight.Zhao was one of the smaller kingdoms. It tried to control(控制) an area in the northeast. But it was not alone in the north. Surrounded by enemies, the ruler of Zhao asked for advice. He did not wish to join the war and turn more farmers into soldiers.
D
2.A clam(蛤蜊) and a snipe fought on a beach. The bird wanted to eat the clam, but the clam didn't want to be eaten.
A
3. The bird said the clam couldn't survive without water, and the clam retorted the same. C
4, and walked home happily.The Zhao ruler agreed with the wise man's idea. He said, "If we fight with the Yan Kingdom, the big Qin army would join the war later. Both Yan and our state would be weak from our battles. The Qin would defeat(击败) both of us."
G
5.Toward the end of the wars, Zhao was the only strong kingdom left to confront Qin.
A. They held onto each other tightly
B. Each kingdom wanted to control over China
C. A fisherman saw their fight, caught both easily
D. One wise man described war and peace through a story
E. After several years of hard work, Zhao finally defeated Qin
F. This story has been passed down generation after generation
G. Therefore, the Zhao ruler gave up the plan to attack the Yan Kingdom
1.
B
2. D
3. A
4. C
5. G
答案
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了战国时期赵国通过“鹬蚌相争”的智慧避免与燕国交战，最终保存实力对抗秦国的故事。
1. B 根据上文“China was mainly divided into seven kingdoms: Qin, Chu, Zhao, Wei, Han, Yan, and Qi.”和下文“They waged many wars, with farmers leaving their fields to fight.”可知中国当时主要被分为七个国家，他们发动了很多战争，由此可知七个国家都想发动战争以控制中国；B项“各国都想统治中国”符合语境。故选B。
2. D 根据上文“Surrounded by enemies, the ruler of Zhao asked for advice.”赵王寻求意见和下文“鹬蚌相争”的故事可知，此处应与讲故事有关；D项“一位智者通过一个故事描述了战争与和平”符合语境。故选D。
3. A 根据上文“A clam and a snipe fought on a beach. The bird wanted to eat the clam, but the clam didn't want to be eaten.”可知蛤蜊和鹬鸟争斗，鹬鸟想吃蛤蜊，蛤蜊不想被吃，此处应介绍它们争斗的具体表现；A项“它们紧紧地钳住对方”符合语境。故选A。
4. C 根据上文描述蛤蜊和鹬鸟的争斗和下文“and walked home happily”可推知，有人看到了它们的争斗，轻松地抓住了它们，然后开心地回家了。故选C。
5. G 根据上文“If we fight with the Yan Kingdom, the big Qin army would join the war later. Both Yan and our state would be weak from our battles. The Qin would defeat both of us.”可知赵王明白了与燕国交战会两败俱伤，从而让秦国打败燕国和赵国，因此放弃了攻打燕国的计划。故选G。
1. B 根据上文“China was mainly divided into seven kingdoms: Qin, Chu, Zhao, Wei, Han, Yan, and Qi.”和下文“They waged many wars, with farmers leaving their fields to fight.”可知中国当时主要被分为七个国家，他们发动了很多战争，由此可知七个国家都想发动战争以控制中国；B项“各国都想统治中国”符合语境。故选B。
2. D 根据上文“Surrounded by enemies, the ruler of Zhao asked for advice.”赵王寻求意见和下文“鹬蚌相争”的故事可知，此处应与讲故事有关；D项“一位智者通过一个故事描述了战争与和平”符合语境。故选D。
3. A 根据上文“A clam and a snipe fought on a beach. The bird wanted to eat the clam, but the clam didn't want to be eaten.”可知蛤蜊和鹬鸟争斗，鹬鸟想吃蛤蜊，蛤蜊不想被吃，此处应介绍它们争斗的具体表现；A项“它们紧紧地钳住对方”符合语境。故选A。
4. C 根据上文描述蛤蜊和鹬鸟的争斗和下文“and walked home happily”可推知，有人看到了它们的争斗，轻松地抓住了它们，然后开心地回家了。故选C。
5. G 根据上文“If we fight with the Yan Kingdom, the big Qin army would join the war later. Both Yan and our state would be weak from our battles. The Qin would defeat both of us.”可知赵王明白了与燕国交战会两败俱伤，从而让秦国打败燕国和赵国，因此放弃了攻打燕国的计划。故选G。
解析
【分析】
本题是结合中华传统文化的七选五记叙文，解题思路如下：首先通读全文，把握文章核心主旨（战国时期赵国借助“鹬蚌相争”的典故，避免与燕国交战以保存实力对抗秦国）；其次逐空分析空格前后的语境，重点关注话题一致性、逻辑关系（如顺承、因果、指代）；最后结合选项内容，匹配语境排除干扰项，确定答案。
【解析】
1. 空格前提到中国被分为七个王国，空格后说明各国发动诸多战争，B项“各国都想统治中国”承接上文的王国划分，引出下文战争的原因，符合语境，故选B；
2. 空格前赵王向智者寻求建议，空格后讲述“鹬蚌相争”的故事，D项“一位智者通过一个故事描述了战争与和平”承上启下，连接赵王求谏与智者的典故，符合语境，故选D；
3. 空格前描述蛤蜊与鹬鸟争斗的场景，A项“它们紧紧钳住对方”是二者争斗的具体表现，符合语境，故选A；
4. 空格前讲蛤蜊和鹬鸟僵持，空格后提到有人开心回家，C项“一个渔夫看到它们的争斗，轻松抓住了两者”是故事的后续发展，符合逻辑，故选C；
5. 空格前分析与燕国交战的弊端，G项“因此赵王放弃攻打燕国的计划”是分析后的合理结果，符合因果逻辑，故选G。
【答案】
B、D、A、C、G
【知识点】
七选五题型；记叙文阅读；中华传统文化
【点评】
本题以战国历史和经典成语故事“鹬蚌相争”为载体，考查学生的语篇逻辑衔接能力，既落实了语言运用的考查，又渗透了中华优秀传统文化的教育，兼具知识性与文化性。
【难度系数】
0.4
本题是结合中华传统文化的七选五记叙文，解题思路如下：首先通读全文，把握文章核心主旨（战国时期赵国借助“鹬蚌相争”的典故，避免与燕国交战以保存实力对抗秦国）；其次逐空分析空格前后的语境，重点关注话题一致性、逻辑关系（如顺承、因果、指代）；最后结合选项内容，匹配语境排除干扰项，确定答案。
【解析】
1. 空格前提到中国被分为七个王国，空格后说明各国发动诸多战争，B项“各国都想统治中国”承接上文的王国划分，引出下文战争的原因，符合语境，故选B；
2. 空格前赵王向智者寻求建议，空格后讲述“鹬蚌相争”的故事，D项“一位智者通过一个故事描述了战争与和平”承上启下，连接赵王求谏与智者的典故，符合语境，故选D；
3. 空格前描述蛤蜊与鹬鸟争斗的场景，A项“它们紧紧钳住对方”是二者争斗的具体表现，符合语境，故选A；
4. 空格前讲蛤蜊和鹬鸟僵持，空格后提到有人开心回家，C项“一个渔夫看到它们的争斗，轻松抓住了两者”是故事的后续发展，符合逻辑，故选C；
5. 空格前分析与燕国交战的弊端，G项“因此赵王放弃攻打燕国的计划”是分析后的合理结果，符合因果逻辑，故选G。
【答案】
B、D、A、C、G
【知识点】
七选五题型；记叙文阅读；中华传统文化
【点评】
本题以战国历史和经典成语故事“鹬蚌相争”为载体，考查学生的语篇逻辑衔接能力，既落实了语言运用的考查，又渗透了中华优秀传统文化的教育，兼具知识性与文化性。
【难度系数】
0.4
