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四、Read and finish. 宇宙苍穹，浩瀚星海，人类探索太空的脚步从未停歇。请读一读，完成下列任务。
Today let me tell you something about astronauts. The first man to go into space was from the USSR (苏联). The first man on the Moon was an American. He walked on the Moon on July 20th, 1969. The first Chinese astronaut went into space on October 15th, 2003. The first Chinese woman astronaut flew into space aboard Shenzhou-9 in 2012. Three Chinese astronauts went into space on October 16th, 2021. They stayed there for 6 months. They had the Chinese New Year in space. How great the astronauts are!
任务一：根据材料内容，判断下列句子的正（T）误（F）。
（
（
（
（
任务二：根据材料内容，回答问题。
1. When did the first man walk on the Moon?
2. Which spaceship did the first Chinese woman astronaut take to go into space?
3. How long did the three Chinese astronauts stay in space in 2021?
Today let me tell you something about astronauts. The first man to go into space was from the USSR (苏联). The first man on the Moon was an American. He walked on the Moon on July 20th, 1969. The first Chinese astronaut went into space on October 15th, 2003. The first Chinese woman astronaut flew into space aboard Shenzhou-9 in 2012. Three Chinese astronauts went into space on October 16th, 2021. They stayed there for 6 months. They had the Chinese New Year in space. How great the astronauts are!
任务一：根据材料内容，判断下列句子的正（T）误（F）。
（
F
）1. The first man to go into space was from USA.（
F
）2. The first Chinese astronaut went into space on August 15th, 2013.（
F
）3. The first Chinese woman astronaut flew into space in 2021.（
T
）4. The three Chinese astronauts had the Chinese New Year in space.任务二：根据材料内容，回答问题。
1. When did the first man walk on the Moon?
He walked on the Moon on July 20th, 1969.
2. Which spaceship did the first Chinese woman astronaut take to go into space?
Shenzhou-9.
3. How long did the three Chinese astronauts stay in space in 2021?
They stayed there for 6 months.
答案
任务一：1. F 2. F 3. F 4. T
任务二：1. He walked on the Moon on July 20th, 1969.
2. Shenzhou-9.
3. They stayed there for 6 months.
任务二：1. He walked on the Moon on July 20th, 1969.
2. Shenzhou-9.
3. They stayed there for 6 months.
解析
【分析】
做这类英语阅读题时，首先明确任务要求：任务一需根据原文细节判断句子正误，任务二需根据原文回答问题。解题思路为：先通读原文把握大意，再带着每个小题的关键词（如人物、时间、事件、飞船名称等）回到原文定位对应信息，将题目内容与原文逐一比对，判断正误或提取答案。
【解析】
任务一：1. 定位原文“The first man to go into space was from the USSR (苏联).”，题目表述为来自USA，与原文不符，故判断为F；2. 定位原文“The first Chinese astronaut went into space on October 15th, 2003.”，题目时间为2013年8月15日，与原文不符，故判断为F；3. 定位原文“The first Chinese woman astronaut flew into space aboard Shenzhou-9 in 2012.”，题目年份为2021年，与原文不符，故判断为F；4. 定位原文“Three Chinese astronauts went into space on October 16th, 2021. They stayed there for 6 months. They had the Chinese New Year in space.”，与题目表述一致，故判断为T。
任务二：1. 定位原文“He walked on the Moon on July 20th, 1969.”，直接提取答案；2. 定位原文“The first Chinese woman astronaut flew into space aboard Shenzhou-9 in 2012.”，提取飞船名称Shenzhou-9；3. 定位原文“They stayed there for 6 months.”，直接提取答案。
【答案】
任务一：1. F 2. F 3. F 4. T；任务二：1. He walked on the Moon on July 20th, 1969. 2. Shenzhou-9. 3. They stayed there for 6 months.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息定位、判断正误题
【点评】
本题为英语基础阅读理解题，聚焦原文细节信息考查，题型常规，只要学生能准确定位原文对应内容即可解答，适合巩固英语阅读基础。
【难度系数】
0.8
做这类英语阅读题时，首先明确任务要求：任务一需根据原文细节判断句子正误，任务二需根据原文回答问题。解题思路为：先通读原文把握大意，再带着每个小题的关键词（如人物、时间、事件、飞船名称等）回到原文定位对应信息，将题目内容与原文逐一比对，判断正误或提取答案。
【解析】
任务一：1. 定位原文“The first man to go into space was from the USSR (苏联).”，题目表述为来自USA，与原文不符，故判断为F；2. 定位原文“The first Chinese astronaut went into space on October 15th, 2003.”，题目时间为2013年8月15日，与原文不符，故判断为F；3. 定位原文“The first Chinese woman astronaut flew into space aboard Shenzhou-9 in 2012.”，题目年份为2021年，与原文不符，故判断为F；4. 定位原文“Three Chinese astronauts went into space on October 16th, 2021. They stayed there for 6 months. They had the Chinese New Year in space.”，与题目表述一致，故判断为T。
任务二：1. 定位原文“He walked on the Moon on July 20th, 1969.”，直接提取答案；2. 定位原文“The first Chinese woman astronaut flew into space aboard Shenzhou-9 in 2012.”，提取飞船名称Shenzhou-9；3. 定位原文“They stayed there for 6 months.”，直接提取答案。
【答案】
任务一：1. F 2. F 3. F 4. T；任务二：1. He walked on the Moon on July 20th, 1969. 2. Shenzhou-9. 3. They stayed there for 6 months.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节信息定位、判断正误题
【点评】
本题为英语基础阅读理解题，聚焦原文细节信息考查，题型常规，只要学生能准确定位原文对应内容即可解答，适合巩固英语阅读基础。
【难度系数】
0.8
五、Read and finish. Gabby 在班级图书角发现了一篇揭秘航天员太空生活的文章。请读一读，完成下列任务。
When astronauts do spacewalks, they have to wear very tight gloves. These gloves can protect them. But these gloves can hurt their fingernails (手指甲) and even make them fall off.
In space, there isn’t much choice of food. It is not OK to eat bread because it leaves crumbs (面包屑). Crumbs could fly around and cause problems.
Staying in space makes astronauts’ bones weaker. Right now, there is no way to solve this problem. To keep healthy, they do some exercise on the space station.
Perhaps the hardest part of life in space is loneliness (孤单). Astronauts have to spend months away from Earth. They often feel lonely and miss their friends and family.
任务一：根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正（T）误（F）。
（
（
（
（
任务二：根据短文内容和图片信息，从框中选择合适的单词，将下面的文本补充完整。
tight crumbs weaker loneliness exercise
Life in space is not easy for astronauts. They face many challenges (挑战). During spacewalks, their 1.
When astronauts do spacewalks, they have to wear very tight gloves. These gloves can protect them. But these gloves can hurt their fingernails (手指甲) and even make them fall off.
In space, there isn’t much choice of food. It is not OK to eat bread because it leaves crumbs (面包屑). Crumbs could fly around and cause problems.
Staying in space makes astronauts’ bones weaker. Right now, there is no way to solve this problem. To keep healthy, they do some exercise on the space station.
Perhaps the hardest part of life in space is loneliness (孤单). Astronauts have to spend months away from Earth. They often feel lonely and miss their friends and family.
任务一：根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正（T）误（F）。
（
T
）1. Astronauts wear tight gloves during spacewalks.（
T
）2. Bread is not allowed (允许) in space because it leaves crumbs.（
F
）3. Astronauts don’t need to exercise on the space station.（
F
）4. The hardest part of life in space is not loneliness.任务二：根据短文内容和图片信息，从框中选择合适的单词，将下面的文本补充完整。
tight crumbs weaker loneliness exercise
Life in space is not easy for astronauts. They face many challenges (挑战). During spacewalks, their 1.
tight
gloves can hurt their fingernails. They have limited (有限的) food choices because eating bread is not allowed. The 2. crumbs
could float everywhere. Staying in space makes their bones 3. weaker
, so they must 4. exercise
to keep healthy. Perhaps the hardest part is the feeling of 5. loneliness
. They miss their friends and family.答案
任务一：1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F
任务二：1. tight 2. crumbs 3. weaker 4. exercise 5. loneliness
任务二：1. tight 2. crumbs 3. weaker 4. exercise 5. loneliness
解析
【分析】
本题分为两个任务，任务一为判断正误，解题思路是先明确每个题目的核心表述，再回到原文定位对应信息，对比题目与原文是否一致，一致选T，不一致选F；任务二为选词填空，解题思路是先理解方框内单词的词义，再通读待补充文本，结合原文语境匹配合适的单词填入空格，确保语义通顺且符合原文内容。
【解析】
任务一：1. 原文第一句明确提到宇航员太空行走时要戴非常紧的手套，题目表述与原文一致，故为T；2. 原文指出太空不允许吃面包是因为会产生面包屑，题目表述与原文一致，故为T；3. 原文说明宇航员为了健康在空间站做运动，题目说不需要运动，与原文相反，故为F；4. 原文提到太空生活最难的部分是孤单，题目说不是孤单，与原文相反，故为F。
任务二：1. 原文对应太空行走的手套是tight gloves，故填tight；2. 原文提到面包屑会到处飞，故填crumbs；3. 原文指出太空会让骨头变弱，故填weaker；4. 原文说明宇航员要做运动保持健康，故填exercise；5. 原文提到最难的部分是孤单，故填loneliness。
【答案】
任务一：1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F；任务二：1. tight 2. crumbs 3. weaker 4. exercise 5. loneliness
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、判断正误题、选词填空题
【点评】
本题是基础英语阅读理解题，考察学生从原文提取关键信息的能力，题型常规，难度适中，适合小学高段或初中低年级学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题分为两个任务，任务一为判断正误，解题思路是先明确每个题目的核心表述，再回到原文定位对应信息，对比题目与原文是否一致，一致选T，不一致选F；任务二为选词填空，解题思路是先理解方框内单词的词义，再通读待补充文本，结合原文语境匹配合适的单词填入空格，确保语义通顺且符合原文内容。
【解析】
任务一：1. 原文第一句明确提到宇航员太空行走时要戴非常紧的手套，题目表述与原文一致，故为T；2. 原文指出太空不允许吃面包是因为会产生面包屑，题目表述与原文一致，故为T；3. 原文说明宇航员为了健康在空间站做运动，题目说不需要运动，与原文相反，故为F；4. 原文提到太空生活最难的部分是孤单，题目说不是孤单，与原文相反，故为F。
任务二：1. 原文对应太空行走的手套是tight gloves，故填tight；2. 原文提到面包屑会到处飞，故填crumbs；3. 原文指出太空会让骨头变弱，故填weaker；4. 原文说明宇航员要做运动保持健康，故填exercise；5. 原文提到最难的部分是孤单，故填loneliness。
【答案】
任务一：1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F；任务二：1. tight 2. crumbs 3. weaker 4. exercise 5. loneliness
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、判断正误题、选词填空题
【点评】
本题是基础英语阅读理解题，考察学生从原文提取关键信息的能力，题型常规，难度适中，适合小学高段或初中低年级学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.8
