一、根据汉语意思写单词。
1. The big park lies in the (中心) of our beautiful town.
2. We will have a long rest (时期) after the final exam.
3. We prepared delicious snacks and cleaned rooms to welcome all the (宾客) coming to our party this weekend.
4. My uncle will move to the (西北) of our country next year.
5. The big sale was (如此) a good deal that it helped me save a lot.

1.centre 2.period 3.guests 4.northwest 5.such

【分析】本题要求根据汉语提示填写正确的英语单词，解题思路为：先理解每个句子的汉语含义，明确空格处词汇的汉语意思；再结合句子语境判断词汇的词性；若为名词，需注意单复数变化（如all后接复数）；若涉及固定搭配（如such的用法），需结合搭配规则确定词汇，确保填写的单词符合语法和句意。
【解析】1. “中心”对应的英语名词是centre，“in the centre of”是固定短语，意为“在……的中心”，符合句意。2. “时期”对应的英语名词是period，“a long rest period”表示“一段长时间的休息时期”，符合语境。3. “宾客”是可数名词，句中all表示“所有的”，后接可数名词复数，故填guests。4. “西北”对应的英语名词是northwest，“the northwest of...”表示“……的西北部”，符合句意。5. 此处考查固定搭配“such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”，句中“a good deal”是可数名词单数短语，故用such。
【答案】1.centre 2.period 3.guests 4.northwest 5.such
【知识点】名词的用法、such的固定搭配、可数名词复数
【点评】本题考查英语基础词汇的拼写与运用，涉及名词词义、固定搭配及名词单复数变化，是英语学习的基础题型，需熟练掌握核心词汇的词义和用法。
【难度系数】0.8

二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. The well-known museum (lie) at the foot of the mountain, which is certainly worth a full-day visit.
7. The news made us feel very and excited. (surprise)
8. Scientists many new facts, and their amazed the world. (discover)
9. He the last bus. What's worse, he found his key when he got home. (miss)
10. I like travelling around the world to learn different (culture).

6.lies 7.surprising;surprised
8.discovered;discoveries 9.missed;missing
10.cultures

【分析】
本题为英语词汇适当形式填空题，考查动词时态、形容词的-ing/-ed形式、名词单复数等核心知识点。解题思路：先分析句子的语境、主语、修饰对象等，确定所需单词的词性、时态、单复数等，再转换为正确形式填空。
【解析】
6. 句意：这座著名的博物馆坐落在山脚下，值得花一整天参观。主语the well-known museum是第三人称单数，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，故填lies。
7. 句意：这个令人惊讶的消息让我们感到非常惊讶和兴奋。第一空修饰事物news，用形容词surprising（令人惊讶的）；第二空修饰人us，用形容词surprised（感到惊讶的），故填surprising; surprised。
8. 句意：科学家们发现了许多新事实，他们的发现震惊了世界。第一空作谓语，动作发生在过去，用discover的过去式discovered；第二空在形容词性物主代词their后，需用名词复数，discovery的复数是discoveries，故填discovered; discoveries。
9. 句意：他错过了最后一班公交车。更糟的是，他到家时发现钥匙丢了。第一空作谓语，“错过末班车”是过去的动作，用miss的过去式missed；第二空是find sth + adj结构，missing是形容词，意为“丢失的”，故填missed; missing。
10. 句意：我喜欢环游世界学习不同的文化。different后接可数名词复数，culture的复数是cultures，故填cultures。
【答案】
6.lies 7.surprising;surprised 8.discovered;discoveries 9.missed;missing 10.cultures
【知识点】
动词时态、形容词-ing/-ed形式、名词单复数
【点评】
本题是初中英语基础词形转换题，聚焦核心词汇的形式变化，需结合语境判断词性、时态等，考查学生对基础语法和词汇的掌握，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

三、阅读理解。
Have you watched the popular film, The Lychee（荔枝）Road, which is based on the famous story in the Tang Dynasty? In order to make his wife Concubine Yang happy, Emperor Xuanzong ordered his riders to bring lychees to Chang'an from far away southern China. This makes people surprised at how fast the ancient postal system was!
In fact, China's postal system started over 3,000 years ago in the Western Zhou Dynasty. There were officials called “Xingfu”, who mainly carried government orders and army messages.
Before the third century BCE, many states had organisations similar to post stations, but with different names. When the Qin state unified China, it made them all use the same name — “You”, which is still used in China's postal system today. Although the postal system was well-developed during the Qin and Han dynasties, only the government could use it.
During the Sui and Tang dynasties, the Grand Canal greatly improved water transport. The postal system, centred around the capital, developed nationwide. It was this highly developed system that allowed Concubine Yang to get her fresh lychees.
In the Ming Dynasty, private business “civil letter bureaus（民信局）” appeared, allowing common people to send letters and goods.
However, in the mid-19th century, Western countries forced China to open its door. This led to big changes in the postal industry. Finally, in 1913, China's ancient official postal relay system officially came to an end.
( ) 11. How does the writer begin the passage?
A. By asking a question.
B. By comparing the facts.
C. By listing numbers.
D. By describing a picture.
() 12. What made it possible for Concubine Yang to get fresh lychees?
A. A number of lychees grown locally near Chang'an.
B. The Grand Canal's improvement of water delivery.
C. The highly developed postal system of the Tang Dynasty.
D. Many riders carrying lychees on foot to Chang'an.
() 13. According to the passage, what is the CORRECT order of the following events?
a. The term “You” was widely used for postal stations.
b. The civil letter bureaus appeared for ordinary people.
c. Riders delivered fresh lychees to Chang'an for Concubine Yang.
d. “Xingfu” were responsible for carrying government messages.
A. d — b — c — a
B. d — a — c — b
C. a — d — c — b
D. c — a — d — b
() 14. What's the best title for the passage?
A. Postal Services in the Ming Dynasty
B. The Story of Concubine Yang and Lychees
C. The Development of Ancient Chinese Postal System
D. Changes of China's Postal System in the 19th Century

11.A 12.C 13.B 14.C

【分析】这是一篇英语阅读理解题，需先通读全文把握核心内容（介绍中国古代邮政系统的发展历程），再针对每个问题回到原文定位信息，逐一分析选项：11题考查文章开头方式，需判断首句句式；12题考查细节原因，定位杨贵妃得荔枝的相关语句；13题考查事件时间排序，梳理各事件的先后时间；14题考查主旨大意，归纳全文核心内容。
【解析】
11题：文章首句“Have you watched the popular film, The Lychee Road, which is based on the famous story in the Tang Dynasty?”是疑问句，作者以提问方式开篇，对应选项A，故选A。
12题：定位到原文第四段“It was this highly developed system that allowed Concubine Yang to get her fresh lychees.”，可知杨贵妃能得到新鲜荔枝是因为唐代高度发达的邮政系统，对应选项C，故选C。
13题：梳理事件时间顺序：d（西周时期“Xingfu”负责传递政府消息）→a（秦朝统一后统一用“You”称呼邮政站点）→c（唐代骑手为杨贵妃送荔枝）→b（明代出现面向普通百姓的民信局），顺序为d-a-c-b，对应选项B，故选B。
14题：全文从西周时期的邮政雏形讲到清末古代官方邮政系统结束，核心是介绍中国古代邮政系统的发展，对应选项C，故选C。
【答案】11.A 12.C 13.B 14.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】本文是介绍中国古代邮政系统发展的英语说明文，题目设置涵盖开篇方式判断、细节原因查找、时间排序、主旨归纳，需要学生具备快速定位原文、梳理时间线的能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6