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5. (2026·南京科利华中学阶段检测) The food smells
A.terrible; not to eat
B.bad; not eat
C.terribly; not eat
D.badly; not eat
B
, so you had better it.A.terrible; not to eat
B.bad; not eat
C.terribly; not eat
D.badly; not eat
答案
5. B [解析] 考查系动词和 had better 的用法。句意:这份食物闻起来很糟糕,所以你最好不要吃它。terrible 糟糕的;bad 坏的;terribly 可怕地;badly 严重地。smell 是系动词,后应接形容词作表语,描述主语状态;had better 后接动词原形,其否定形式为"not+动词原形"。故选 B。
解析
【分析】
这道题可以分两步走排除错误选项：第一步先看第一个空，空前的smell是感官类系动词，系动词后需要接形容词作表语，我们先判断四个选项里第一空的词性，把副词形式的选项直接排除；第二步看第二个空，考查固定搭配had better的用法，回忆had better后面要接动词原形，它的否定形式是直接在动词原形前加not，据此排除剩下的错误选项，就能得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 分析第一个空：smell是感官系动词，后面需要接形容词作表语，描述主语the food的状态。选项中terribly、badly都是副词，不符合系动词后接形容词的规则，因此直接排除C、D选项。
2. 分析第二个空：固定结构had better意为“最好”，其后必须接动词原形，对应的否定形式为had better not + 动词原形，因此这里要填not eat，排除使用了not to eat的A选项。
最终确定正确选项为B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
系动词用法；had better固定搭配；形容词副词辨析
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础考点题，核心考查感官系动词的词性属性和常用固定搭配的规则，易错点是学生容易混淆实义动词和系动词的后续接词规则，或是记错had better的否定结构形式，日常学习中要注意归类记忆感官系动词、特殊非谓语搭配的特殊用法。
【难度系数】
0.8
这道题可以分两步走排除错误选项：第一步先看第一个空，空前的smell是感官类系动词，系动词后需要接形容词作表语，我们先判断四个选项里第一空的词性，把副词形式的选项直接排除；第二步看第二个空，考查固定搭配had better的用法，回忆had better后面要接动词原形，它的否定形式是直接在动词原形前加not，据此排除剩下的错误选项，就能得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 分析第一个空：smell是感官系动词，后面需要接形容词作表语，描述主语the food的状态。选项中terribly、badly都是副词，不符合系动词后接形容词的规则，因此直接排除C、D选项。
2. 分析第二个空：固定结构had better意为“最好”，其后必须接动词原形，对应的否定形式为had better not + 动词原形，因此这里要填not eat，排除使用了not to eat的A选项。
最终确定正确选项为B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
系动词用法；had better固定搭配；形容词副词辨析
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础考点题，核心考查感官系动词的词性属性和常用固定搭配的规则，易错点是学生容易混淆实义动词和系动词的后续接词规则，或是记错had better的否定结构形式，日常学习中要注意归类记忆感官系动词、特殊非谓语搭配的特殊用法。
【难度系数】
0.8
Ⅴ. 新素材 自然界中的天气密码 (2026·无锡江南中学阶段检测) 阅读理解
视频学重难
An old saying used for forecasting（预测）the weather says, "Red sky at night, sailors' delight. Red sky in the morning, sailors（水手）take warning." Is the saying true? It turns out that it is. A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. A red sky at sunrise usually means that the clear weather has already passed, so storms might be coming.
Forecasting the weather has been practiced for thousands of years. In the 5th century BC, the Greeks sent out forecasts to sailors. They used signs in nature to forecast the weather. But today, meteorologists send exact forecasts further in advance(提前). They use scientific instruments to study weather conditions around the world and make forecasts. Pilots, farmers and many other people depend on these forecasts. Luckily, most of us can simply look on the smartphone or turn on the TV to find out what kind of weather is coming.
If you are looking for some signs of the weather, pay attention to nature. There are two basic rules used in weather forecasting: Weather generally moves from west to east, and low air pressure(压力) usually means rain or snow. So pay attention to the signs. If rainbows form in the west at sunrise, the sun is on the way.
Smell the flowers—their smells are stronger in wet air. What are the ants doing? Are they moving to higher ground? This could mean a drop in air pressure. Are the birds flying low or high? Falling air pressure may influence birds' ears, so they fly low. And if the sky is red at sunset, you might plan a picnic for the next day!
1. What is the old saying about?
A. The beauty of sunrise.
B. The night sky.
C. The signs of the weather.
D. The sailors' work.
2. What does the underlined word "meteorologists" mean?
A. The persons who give daily weather reports on TV.
B. The persons who carry out research on natural history.
C. The persons who take an interest in plants and animals.
D. The persons who do scientific studies of weather conditions.
3. 新考法 推断写作方法 How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2?
A. By listing the reasons for terrible weather.
B. By telling a true story about weather forecasting.
C. By introducing different ways of forecasting the weather.
D. By mentioning the difficulties in forecasting the weather.
4. What do we know from the last paragraph?
A. It'll be sunny if ants move to higher places.
B. The smells of flowers are stronger in wet air.
C. Birds fly higher because of the low air pressure.
D. It'll rain if rainbows form in the west at sunrise.
5. 新考法 推断作者写作意图 What is the writer's purpose in writing the text?
A. To encourage people to get close to nature.
B. To express the need for weather forecasting.
C. To explain nature can tell us about the weather.
D. To discuss how important weather forecasting is.
视频学重难
An old saying used for forecasting（预测）the weather says, "Red sky at night, sailors' delight. Red sky in the morning, sailors（水手）take warning." Is the saying true? It turns out that it is. A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. A red sky at sunrise usually means that the clear weather has already passed, so storms might be coming.
Forecasting the weather has been practiced for thousands of years. In the 5th century BC, the Greeks sent out forecasts to sailors. They used signs in nature to forecast the weather. But today, meteorologists send exact forecasts further in advance(提前). They use scientific instruments to study weather conditions around the world and make forecasts. Pilots, farmers and many other people depend on these forecasts. Luckily, most of us can simply look on the smartphone or turn on the TV to find out what kind of weather is coming.
If you are looking for some signs of the weather, pay attention to nature. There are two basic rules used in weather forecasting: Weather generally moves from west to east, and low air pressure(压力) usually means rain or snow. So pay attention to the signs. If rainbows form in the west at sunrise, the sun is on the way.
Smell the flowers—their smells are stronger in wet air. What are the ants doing? Are they moving to higher ground? This could mean a drop in air pressure. Are the birds flying low or high? Falling air pressure may influence birds' ears, so they fly low. And if the sky is red at sunset, you might plan a picnic for the next day!
1. What is the old saying about?
A. The beauty of sunrise.
B. The night sky.
C. The signs of the weather.
D. The sailors' work.
2. What does the underlined word "meteorologists" mean?
A. The persons who give daily weather reports on TV.
B. The persons who carry out research on natural history.
C. The persons who take an interest in plants and animals.
D. The persons who do scientific studies of weather conditions.
3. 新考法 推断写作方法 How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2?
A. By listing the reasons for terrible weather.
B. By telling a true story about weather forecasting.
C. By introducing different ways of forecasting the weather.
D. By mentioning the difficulties in forecasting the weather.
4. What do we know from the last paragraph?
A. It'll be sunny if ants move to higher places.
B. The smells of flowers are stronger in wet air.
C. Birds fly higher because of the low air pressure.
D. It'll rain if rainbows form in the west at sunrise.
5. 新考法 推断作者写作意图 What is the writer's purpose in writing the text?
A. To encourage people to get close to nature.
B. To express the need for weather forecasting.
C. To explain nature can tell us about the weather.
D. To discuss how important weather forecasting is.
答案
Ⅴ. [文章大意] 本文主要介绍了如何利用自然界的迹象来预报天气。
1. C [解析] 细节理解题。根据"A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. A red sky at sunrise usually means that the clear weather has already passed, so storms might be coming."可知,日落时的红色天空可能意味着太阳落山的西方天空晴朗。日出时天空呈红色通常意味着晴朗的天气已经过去,因此暴风雨可能即将来临。所以这句谚语关于天气的迹象。故选 C。
2. D [解析] 词义猜测题。根据"But today, meteorologists send exact forecasts further in advance(提前). They use scientific instruments to study weather conditions around the world and make forecasts."可知,提前发布准确的预报的应该是气象学家。他们用科学仪器研究天气状况。故选 D。
3. C [解析] 写作方法题。根据"In the 5th century BC, the Greeks sent out forecasts to sailors. ... Luckily, most of us can simply look on the smartphone or turn on the TV to find out what kind of weather is coming."可知,希腊人利用自然界的迹象来预报天气,气象学家使用科学仪器研究世界各地的天气状况并做出预测,人们也可以看一下智能手机或打开电视来了解天气。所以作者在第二段通过介绍不同的天气预报方法展开他的观点。故选 C。
4. B [解析] 细节理解题。根据"Smell the flowers—their smells are stronger in wet air."可知,花的气味在潮湿的空气中更浓烈。故选 B。
5. C [解析] 写作意图题。本文主要介绍了如何利用自然界的迹象来预报天气,是在解释自然可以告诉我们天气情况。故选 C。
1. C [解析] 细节理解题。根据"A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. A red sky at sunrise usually means that the clear weather has already passed, so storms might be coming."可知,日落时的红色天空可能意味着太阳落山的西方天空晴朗。日出时天空呈红色通常意味着晴朗的天气已经过去,因此暴风雨可能即将来临。所以这句谚语关于天气的迹象。故选 C。
2. D [解析] 词义猜测题。根据"But today, meteorologists send exact forecasts further in advance(提前). They use scientific instruments to study weather conditions around the world and make forecasts."可知,提前发布准确的预报的应该是气象学家。他们用科学仪器研究天气状况。故选 D。
3. C [解析] 写作方法题。根据"In the 5th century BC, the Greeks sent out forecasts to sailors. ... Luckily, most of us can simply look on the smartphone or turn on the TV to find out what kind of weather is coming."可知,希腊人利用自然界的迹象来预报天气,气象学家使用科学仪器研究世界各地的天气状况并做出预测,人们也可以看一下智能手机或打开电视来了解天气。所以作者在第二段通过介绍不同的天气预报方法展开他的观点。故选 C。
4. B [解析] 细节理解题。根据"Smell the flowers—their smells are stronger in wet air."可知,花的气味在潮湿的空气中更浓烈。故选 B。
5. C [解析] 写作意图题。本文主要介绍了如何利用自然界的迹象来预报天气,是在解释自然可以告诉我们天气情况。故选 C。
解析
【分析】
拿到这篇阅读理解，首先快速通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍自然界的各类迹象可以帮助人们预判天气，之后按照题型逐个突破：
1. 第1题是细节理解题，直接定位题干提到的old saying所在的第一段，找到谚语对应的天气预测相关描述，匹配选项即可。
2. 第2题是词义猜测题，找到划线词所在的句子，看后文紧接着给出的对该职业的行为描述，就能推断出词义，排除不符合描述的选项。
3. 第3题是写作方法推断题，逐句梳理第二段的内容脉络，对比各个选项的描述，匹配段落的展开逻辑。
4. 第4题是细节理解题，定位最后一段，将四个选项的描述和原文内容逐一比对，排除和原文不符的错误选项。
5. 第5题是写作意图推断题，结合全文的核心内容，判断作者想要传递的核心观点，选出最贴合主旨的选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段内容，这句古老谚语描述了夜晚天空变红预示晴天、清晨天空变红预示风暴将至的规律，核心是通过天空的迹象判断天气，对应选项C“天气的迹象”，A、B、D均偏离谚语核心描述，故选C。
2. 词义猜测题：划线词后文明确说明这类人会使用科学仪器研究全球各地的天气状况、发布精准的天气预报，符合气象工作者的职业属性，对应D选项“从事天气状况科学研究的人”；A选项仅指电视上播报天气预报的人，范围过窄，B、C的描述和天气研究无关，均排除，故选D。
3. 写作方法推断题：第二段先后介绍了公元前5世纪古希腊人利用自然迹象给水手预报天气、如今专业气象从业者用科学仪器发布精准预报、普通人通过手机或电视获取天气预报这三种不同的天气预报方式，是通过介绍不同的天气预报方法展开段落，对应C选项；A、B、D描述的内容在第二段均未提及，故选C。
4. 细节理解题：根据最后一段第一句“Smell the flowers—their smells are stronger in wet air”，直接可知潮湿空气中花的气味更浓烈，B选项表述正确；A选项蚂蚁往高处移动预示气压下降，并非晴天，表述错误；C选项低气压下鸟类会飞得更低，表述错误；D选项日出时西方出现彩虹预示晴天到来，并非下雨，表述错误，故选B。
5. 写作意图推断题：全文从古老的天气谚语切入，先后介绍了不同时期的天气预报方式，最后重点讲解了各类自然现象（花的气味、蚂蚁的行为、鸟类飞行高度等）都能传递天气相关的信号，核心是向读者解释自然本身就藏着天气的密码，对应C选项；A选项鼓励亲近自然不是核心目的，B、D选项强调天气预报的必要性和重要性偏离全文核心，故选C。
【答案】
1. C 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，词义猜测技巧，主旨意图推断
【点评】
本题属于初中阶段典型的科普类阅读理解，选材贴近生活、结合自然常识，既设置了基础的细节理解题考察学生快速定位文本信息的能力，也加入了写作方法推断、写作意图推断的新考法，引导学生梳理段落逻辑、把握全文核心主旨，在解题的同时也能让学生了解到自然现象和天气的关联，兼具知识性和趣味性。
【难度系数】
0.7
拿到这篇阅读理解，首先快速通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍自然界的各类迹象可以帮助人们预判天气，之后按照题型逐个突破：
1. 第1题是细节理解题，直接定位题干提到的old saying所在的第一段，找到谚语对应的天气预测相关描述，匹配选项即可。
2. 第2题是词义猜测题，找到划线词所在的句子，看后文紧接着给出的对该职业的行为描述，就能推断出词义，排除不符合描述的选项。
3. 第3题是写作方法推断题，逐句梳理第二段的内容脉络，对比各个选项的描述，匹配段落的展开逻辑。
4. 第4题是细节理解题，定位最后一段，将四个选项的描述和原文内容逐一比对，排除和原文不符的错误选项。
5. 第5题是写作意图推断题，结合全文的核心内容，判断作者想要传递的核心观点，选出最贴合主旨的选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段内容，这句古老谚语描述了夜晚天空变红预示晴天、清晨天空变红预示风暴将至的规律，核心是通过天空的迹象判断天气，对应选项C“天气的迹象”，A、B、D均偏离谚语核心描述，故选C。
2. 词义猜测题：划线词后文明确说明这类人会使用科学仪器研究全球各地的天气状况、发布精准的天气预报，符合气象工作者的职业属性，对应D选项“从事天气状况科学研究的人”；A选项仅指电视上播报天气预报的人，范围过窄，B、C的描述和天气研究无关，均排除，故选D。
3. 写作方法推断题：第二段先后介绍了公元前5世纪古希腊人利用自然迹象给水手预报天气、如今专业气象从业者用科学仪器发布精准预报、普通人通过手机或电视获取天气预报这三种不同的天气预报方式，是通过介绍不同的天气预报方法展开段落，对应C选项；A、B、D描述的内容在第二段均未提及，故选C。
4. 细节理解题：根据最后一段第一句“Smell the flowers—their smells are stronger in wet air”，直接可知潮湿空气中花的气味更浓烈，B选项表述正确；A选项蚂蚁往高处移动预示气压下降，并非晴天，表述错误；C选项低气压下鸟类会飞得更低，表述错误；D选项日出时西方出现彩虹预示晴天到来，并非下雨，表述错误，故选B。
5. 写作意图推断题：全文从古老的天气谚语切入，先后介绍了不同时期的天气预报方式，最后重点讲解了各类自然现象（花的气味、蚂蚁的行为、鸟类飞行高度等）都能传递天气相关的信号，核心是向读者解释自然本身就藏着天气的密码，对应C选项；A选项鼓励亲近自然不是核心目的，B、D选项强调天气预报的必要性和重要性偏离全文核心，故选C。
【答案】
1. C 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，词义猜测技巧，主旨意图推断
【点评】
本题属于初中阶段典型的科普类阅读理解，选材贴近生活、结合自然常识，既设置了基础的细节理解题考察学生快速定位文本信息的能力，也加入了写作方法推断、写作意图推断的新考法，引导学生梳理段落逻辑、把握全文核心主旨，在解题的同时也能让学生了解到自然现象和天气的关联，兼具知识性和趣味性。
【难度系数】
0.7
