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四、阅读理解。
A)请阅读下面短文,根据短文内容从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The UN has decided that 2025 is the International Year of Glacier Preservation(冰川保护). It has also set 21 March 2025 as the first annual(年度的) World Day for Glaciers. This way, it encourages everyone to help save glaciers.
① You can imagine them as slowly moving ice and snow on land. Over time, the snow adds up and turns into glacier ice. Glaciers have shaped(塑造) mountains and valleys over Earth's history. They are still moving and changing land in many places today.
② Glaciers are not just important for land. When glaciers melt(融化), the nutrients(养料) from the water are good for life in lakes, rivers, and oceans. In some places, glaciers provide water for people and animals. Glaciers cover $10\%$ of the land and hold $70\%$ of the fresh water on earth. In areas like the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山脉), many people need glacier water to live. The water fills big rivers, such as the Indus River, the Ganges River, and the Yarlung Zangbo River.
③ Climate change is leading to serious problems for glaciers. Many glaciers have disappeared. For example, Colombia has lost $90\%$ of its glaciers since the mid-19th century. If temperatures rise by $1.5\ °\mathrm{C}$ to $4\ °\mathrm{C}$, glaciers could lose a lot of their mass(质量) by 2100.
④ If glaciers disappear, there will be less water to drink and farm, and floods may happen more often because of melting ice. It will also be bad for animals and plants. As temperatures rise and glaciers melt, mountains with glaciers won't be fit for living. Animals may need to move higher up the mountains.
()1. Why did the UN set 2025 as the International Year of Glacier Preservation?
A. To call on people to save glaciers.
B. To celebrate the beauty of glaciers.
C. To introduce the history of glaciers.
D. To show the importance of glacier water.
()2. Match the following topic sentences with Paragraphs 2—5.
a. What will happen when glaciers disappear?
b. What are glaciers?
c. Why are glaciers disappearing?
d. Why are glaciers important?
A. ①—b, ②—a, ③—c, ④—d
B. ①—b, ②—d, ③—c, ④—a
C. ①—a, ②—c, ③—d, ④—b
D. ①—a, ②—b, ③—d, ④—c
()3. What will happen if glaciers disappear according to the passage?
A. There will be fewer floods.
B. Some animals and plants may die out.
C. There will be more fresh water on earth.
D. Animals in the Himalayas will move to lower areas.
A)请阅读下面短文,根据短文内容从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The UN has decided that 2025 is the International Year of Glacier Preservation(冰川保护). It has also set 21 March 2025 as the first annual(年度的) World Day for Glaciers. This way, it encourages everyone to help save glaciers.
① You can imagine them as slowly moving ice and snow on land. Over time, the snow adds up and turns into glacier ice. Glaciers have shaped(塑造) mountains and valleys over Earth's history. They are still moving and changing land in many places today.
② Glaciers are not just important for land. When glaciers melt(融化), the nutrients(养料) from the water are good for life in lakes, rivers, and oceans. In some places, glaciers provide water for people and animals. Glaciers cover $10\%$ of the land and hold $70\%$ of the fresh water on earth. In areas like the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山脉), many people need glacier water to live. The water fills big rivers, such as the Indus River, the Ganges River, and the Yarlung Zangbo River.
③ Climate change is leading to serious problems for glaciers. Many glaciers have disappeared. For example, Colombia has lost $90\%$ of its glaciers since the mid-19th century. If temperatures rise by $1.5\ °\mathrm{C}$ to $4\ °\mathrm{C}$, glaciers could lose a lot of their mass(质量) by 2100.
④ If glaciers disappear, there will be less water to drink and farm, and floods may happen more often because of melting ice. It will also be bad for animals and plants. As temperatures rise and glaciers melt, mountains with glaciers won't be fit for living. Animals may need to move higher up the mountains.
()1. Why did the UN set 2025 as the International Year of Glacier Preservation?
A. To call on people to save glaciers.
B. To celebrate the beauty of glaciers.
C. To introduce the history of glaciers.
D. To show the importance of glacier water.
()2. Match the following topic sentences with Paragraphs 2—5.
a. What will happen when glaciers disappear?
b. What are glaciers?
c. Why are glaciers disappearing?
d. Why are glaciers important?
A. ①—b, ②—a, ③—c, ④—d
B. ①—b, ②—d, ③—c, ④—a
C. ①—a, ②—c, ③—d, ④—b
D. ①—a, ②—b, ③—d, ④—c
()3. What will happen if glaciers disappear according to the passage?
A. There will be fewer floods.
B. Some animals and plants may die out.
C. There will be more fresh water on earth.
D. Animals in the Himalayas will move to lower areas.
答案
1.A 2.B 3.B
解析
1. 细节理解题。根据原文第一段最后一句“This way, it encourages everyone to help save glaciers.”可知，联合国将2025年定为国际冰川保护年的目的是号召人们拯救冰川，B、C、D选项均不符合原文内容，因此选A。
2. 段落大意匹配题。第①段介绍了冰川的定义、形成过程和对地貌的作用，对应主题句b“What are glaciers?”；第②段从对陆地、生态、人类供水等角度介绍冰川的重要性，对应主题句d“Why are glaciers important?”；第③段介绍气候变化等导致冰川大量消失的原因，对应主题句c“Why are glaciers disappearing?”；第④段介绍冰川消失后会引发的各类问题，对应主题句a“What will happen when glaciers disappear?”，匹配结果为①—b, ②—d, ③—c, ④—a，因此选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据原文最后一段内容：冰川消失后洪水会更频繁，A错误；冰川储存了地球上70%的淡水，冰川消失不会带来更多淡水，C错误；气温升高冰川融化后，动物需要往海拔更高的山上迁徙，不是往低海拔区域移动，D错误；原文明确提到冰川消失对动植物也有坏处，可推知部分动植物可能会灭绝，B表述正确。
2. 段落大意匹配题。第①段介绍了冰川的定义、形成过程和对地貌的作用，对应主题句b“What are glaciers?”；第②段从对陆地、生态、人类供水等角度介绍冰川的重要性，对应主题句d“Why are glaciers important?”；第③段介绍气候变化等导致冰川大量消失的原因，对应主题句c“Why are glaciers disappearing?”；第④段介绍冰川消失后会引发的各类问题，对应主题句a“What will happen when glaciers disappear?”，匹配结果为①—b, ②—d, ③—c, ④—a，因此选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据原文最后一段内容：冰川消失后洪水会更频繁，A错误；冰川储存了地球上70%的淡水，冰川消失不会带来更多淡水，C错误；气温升高冰川融化后，动物需要往海拔更高的山上迁徙，不是往低海拔区域移动，D错误；原文明确提到冰川消失对动植物也有坏处，可推知部分动植物可能会灭绝，B表述正确。
