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Ⅳ. 阅读理解
There are lots of animals on the earth. What is the biggest animal of all? The whale or the elephant? We all know elephants are the largest living(活着的) land animals. But blue whales are bigger than any other animal in the world. A blue whale is more than thirty metres long and weighs over 150,000 kilos.
Whales live in the sea. They look like fish, but they are not fish. They are mammals(哺乳动物). The baby whales feed on milk. Some adult whales have no teeth so they only eat small fish and some other marine life. Others have teeth and eat large animals in the water.
Whales can jump very high out of water. They can also sing songs. The whales talk to each other with a high noise. It sounds like singing. Whales travelling in the sea never get lost because they have a special skill—they can send and get a kind of special wave(波) to tell the direction.
Whales are valuable(有价值的) animals. For money, humans catch them for meat and fat, and use them to make candles and soaps. Whales are also in danger from water pollution. So we should protect whales by making regulations on whale protection or by stopping people putting rubbish into the sea. I think people should learn more about whales and know protecting whales is also protecting ourselves.
1. What kind of animal is the biggest in the world?
A. The elephant.
B. The blue whale.
C. The dolphin.
D. The bear.
2. What do the baby whales feed on?
A. Small fish.
B. Milk.
C. Large animals in the water.
D. Some plants in the water.
3. Why do whales never get lost in the sea?
A. Because they can make a high noise.
B. Because they can talk to one another.
C. Because they can send and get a kind of special wave.
D. Because they can sing songs.
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Whales are not fish but mammals.
B. All whales can eat some large animals because they have teeth.
C. Whales are in danger from air pollution.
D. Whales are more expensive than elephants.
5. Why do people catch whales according to the passage?
A. To eat whale meat.
B. To make money.
C. To keep themselves safe.
D. To protect whales from polluted water.
There are lots of animals on the earth. What is the biggest animal of all? The whale or the elephant? We all know elephants are the largest living(活着的) land animals. But blue whales are bigger than any other animal in the world. A blue whale is more than thirty metres long and weighs over 150,000 kilos.
Whales live in the sea. They look like fish, but they are not fish. They are mammals(哺乳动物). The baby whales feed on milk. Some adult whales have no teeth so they only eat small fish and some other marine life. Others have teeth and eat large animals in the water.
Whales can jump very high out of water. They can also sing songs. The whales talk to each other with a high noise. It sounds like singing. Whales travelling in the sea never get lost because they have a special skill—they can send and get a kind of special wave(波) to tell the direction.
Whales are valuable(有价值的) animals. For money, humans catch them for meat and fat, and use them to make candles and soaps. Whales are also in danger from water pollution. So we should protect whales by making regulations on whale protection or by stopping people putting rubbish into the sea. I think people should learn more about whales and know protecting whales is also protecting ourselves.
1. What kind of animal is the biggest in the world?
A. The elephant.
B. The blue whale.
C. The dolphin.
D. The bear.
2. What do the baby whales feed on?
A. Small fish.
B. Milk.
C. Large animals in the water.
D. Some plants in the water.
3. Why do whales never get lost in the sea?
A. Because they can make a high noise.
B. Because they can talk to one another.
C. Because they can send and get a kind of special wave.
D. Because they can sing songs.
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Whales are not fish but mammals.
B. All whales can eat some large animals because they have teeth.
C. Whales are in danger from air pollution.
D. Whales are more expensive than elephants.
5. Why do people catch whales according to the passage?
A. To eat whale meat.
B. To make money.
C. To keep themselves safe.
D. To protect whales from polluted water.
答案
1-5 BBCAB
解析
【分析】
本题为英语科普类阅读理解，题目以细节理解题为主，解题思路是先通读原文了解大意，再带着每个问题回到原文定位对应信息，通过比对原文与选项内容得出答案，重点考查学生快速提取文本关键信息的能力。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段关键句“But blue whales are bigger than any other animal in the world.”可知，世界上最大的动物是蓝鲸，对应选项B。
2. 细节理解题：根据第二段关键句“The baby whales feed on milk.”可知，小鲸鱼以奶为食，对应选项B。
3. 细节理解题：根据第三段关键句“Whales travelling in the sea never get lost because they have a special skill—they can send and get a kind of special wave to tell the direction.”可知，鲸鱼不迷路是因为能发送和接收特殊波辨别方向，对应选项C。
4. 细节理解题：根据第二段关键句“They look like fish, but they are not fish. They are mammals.”可知选项A正确；B选项原文提到“Some adult whales have no teeth so they only eat small fish...Others have teeth and eat large animals”，并非所有鲸鱼都吃大型动物，错误；C选项原文指出鲸鱼面临水污染威胁，而非空气污染，错误；D选项原文未提及鲸鱼比大象贵，错误，对应选项A。
5. 细节理解题：根据第四段关键句“For money, humans catch them for meat and fat...”可知，人类捕鲸是为了获取利益，对应选项B。
【答案】
1-5 BBCAB
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、科普类短文阅读
【点评】
本文是介绍鲸鱼的科普类短文，题目均为基础细节理解题，难度较低，学生只需准确定位原文对应内容即可解答，主要考查学生快速提取文本信息的能力，适合初中阶段学生巩固阅读理解基础。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题为英语科普类阅读理解，题目以细节理解题为主，解题思路是先通读原文了解大意，再带着每个问题回到原文定位对应信息，通过比对原文与选项内容得出答案，重点考查学生快速提取文本关键信息的能力。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段关键句“But blue whales are bigger than any other animal in the world.”可知，世界上最大的动物是蓝鲸，对应选项B。
2. 细节理解题：根据第二段关键句“The baby whales feed on milk.”可知，小鲸鱼以奶为食，对应选项B。
3. 细节理解题：根据第三段关键句“Whales travelling in the sea never get lost because they have a special skill—they can send and get a kind of special wave to tell the direction.”可知，鲸鱼不迷路是因为能发送和接收特殊波辨别方向，对应选项C。
4. 细节理解题：根据第二段关键句“They look like fish, but they are not fish. They are mammals.”可知选项A正确；B选项原文提到“Some adult whales have no teeth so they only eat small fish...Others have teeth and eat large animals”，并非所有鲸鱼都吃大型动物，错误；C选项原文指出鲸鱼面临水污染威胁，而非空气污染，错误；D选项原文未提及鲸鱼比大象贵，错误，对应选项A。
5. 细节理解题：根据第四段关键句“For money, humans catch them for meat and fat...”可知，人类捕鲸是为了获取利益，对应选项B。
【答案】
1-5 BBCAB
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、科普类短文阅读
【点评】
本文是介绍鲸鱼的科普类短文，题目均为基础细节理解题，难度较低，学生只需准确定位原文对应内容即可解答，主要考查学生快速提取文本信息的能力，适合初中阶段学生巩固阅读理解基础。
【难度系数】
0.8
