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四、阅读表达 阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，每小题答案不超过9个单词 (除第5小题外)。
When you think of winter, which word comes to your mind? Cold? Dark? Snow? Ice? When the weather turns terrible, we can stay in warm houses and enjoy nice food, but wild animals may not have this fun. So how do animals spend the long cold winter months?
Some animals make journeys to warmer places once a year. We call this migration. They sometimes travel thousands of miles by land, air, or sea to reach their winter home. Small monarch butterflies travel from all over the USA to spend their winters in Mexico. Caribous (北美驯鹿) have one of the longest land migrations, travelling over 2,000 miles! But not all migrations are as long as the examples. Some birds make shorter migrations from high mountains to lower lands to find better places with less snow and more food. This type of migration is about changes in height.
If winter makes you want to sleep, you're not alone. Some animals hibernate for part or all of the winter. This is a special and very deep sleep. There are a few different types of hibernation. For example, a bear will eat a lot of food to build up fat reserves. During hibernation, its body temperature drops, and its heart beats more slowly. A bear's heartbeat may drop from around 55 beats per minute to just 9 beats. The bear can sleep for months without eating or drinking, using its fat for energy.
Instead of going to warmer places or sleeping through the winter, some animals spend the winter by changing bodies with seasons. Some animals may grow thicker and warmer winter coats. Some other animals change the colour of their fur. For example, the snowshoe rabbits are usually brown in summer, but they change the colour of their fur into the colour of snow in winter for better hiding.
What about you? Will your mind, body or action change in the wintertime? Do you go to a warmer place for holiday or just stay at your comfortable home? Or maybe you really enjoy taking part in some outdoor activities in winter. No matter how you like to spend the winter, spring is just around the corner.
1. How far do caribous travel to spend the winter?
2. Why do some birds migrate to lower lands?
3. When a bear hibernates, what changes happen to its body?
4. What colours are snowshoe rabbits in different seasons?
5. Will you spend the winter staying at home or going outside to have fun? Why?
When you think of winter, which word comes to your mind? Cold? Dark? Snow? Ice? When the weather turns terrible, we can stay in warm houses and enjoy nice food, but wild animals may not have this fun. So how do animals spend the long cold winter months?
Some animals make journeys to warmer places once a year. We call this migration. They sometimes travel thousands of miles by land, air, or sea to reach their winter home. Small monarch butterflies travel from all over the USA to spend their winters in Mexico. Caribous (北美驯鹿) have one of the longest land migrations, travelling over 2,000 miles! But not all migrations are as long as the examples. Some birds make shorter migrations from high mountains to lower lands to find better places with less snow and more food. This type of migration is about changes in height.
If winter makes you want to sleep, you're not alone. Some animals hibernate for part or all of the winter. This is a special and very deep sleep. There are a few different types of hibernation. For example, a bear will eat a lot of food to build up fat reserves. During hibernation, its body temperature drops, and its heart beats more slowly. A bear's heartbeat may drop from around 55 beats per minute to just 9 beats. The bear can sleep for months without eating or drinking, using its fat for energy.
Instead of going to warmer places or sleeping through the winter, some animals spend the winter by changing bodies with seasons. Some animals may grow thicker and warmer winter coats. Some other animals change the colour of their fur. For example, the snowshoe rabbits are usually brown in summer, but they change the colour of their fur into the colour of snow in winter for better hiding.
What about you? Will your mind, body or action change in the wintertime? Do you go to a warmer place for holiday or just stay at your comfortable home? Or maybe you really enjoy taking part in some outdoor activities in winter. No matter how you like to spend the winter, spring is just around the corner.
1. How far do caribous travel to spend the winter?
(They travel) over/more than 2,000 miles (to spend the winter).
.2. Why do some birds migrate to lower lands?
For better places with less snow and more food.
.3. When a bear hibernates, what changes happen to its body?
Its body temperature drops and heartbeat slows.
.4. What colours are snowshoe rabbits in different seasons?
(They are) brown in summer and white in winter.
.5. Will you spend the winter staying at home or going outside to have fun? Why?
I will stay at home because it’s warm and comfortable. (答案不唯一，言之有理即可)
.答案
1. (They travel) over/more than 2,000 miles (to spend the winter).
2. For better places with less snow and more food.
3. Its body temperature drops and heartbeat slows.
4. (They are) brown in summer and white in winter.
5. I will stay at home because it’s warm and comfortable. (答案不唯一，言之有理即可)
2. For better places with less snow and more food.
3. Its body temperature drops and heartbeat slows.
4. (They are) brown in summer and white in winter.
5. I will stay at home because it’s warm and comfortable. (答案不唯一，言之有理即可)
解析
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解的细节查找与开放表达题，需根据题干关键词定位原文对应内容，提取关键信息作答，前4题答案需控制在9个单词内，第5题言之有理即可。具体思路：1. 以caribous为关键词定位原文找迁徙距离；2. 以birds migrate to lower lands为关键词定位找原因；3. 以bear hibernates为关键词定位找身体变化；4. 以snowshoe rabbits为关键词定位找季节毛色；5. 结合自身实际给出合理回答。
【解析】1. 定位原文第二段“Caribous have one of the longest land migrations, travelling over 2,000 miles!”，提取关键信息；2. 定位原文第二段“Some birds make shorter migrations from high mountains to lower lands to find better places with less snow and more food.”，提取原因；3. 定位原文第三段“During hibernation, its body temperature drops, and its heart beats more slowly.”，整理为简洁表述；4. 定位原文第四段“the snowshoe rabbits are usually brown in summer, but they change the colour of their fur into the colour of snow in winter”，结合雪的颜色提取答案；5. 结合自身实际，给出符合逻辑的回答。
【答案】1. (They travel) over 2,000 miles. 2. For better places with less snow and more food. 3. Its body temperature drops and heartbeat slows. 4. (They are) brown in summer and white in winter. 5. I will stay at home because it’s warm and comfortable.
【知识点】英语阅读理解，细节理解，开放型表达
【点评】本题围绕动物过冬方式展开，前4题考查原文信息定位能力，第5题结合生活实际，难度适中，能帮助学生巩固阅读理解的细节查找技巧。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 定位原文第二段“Caribous have one of the longest land migrations, travelling over 2,000 miles!”，提取关键信息；2. 定位原文第二段“Some birds make shorter migrations from high mountains to lower lands to find better places with less snow and more food.”，提取原因；3. 定位原文第三段“During hibernation, its body temperature drops, and its heart beats more slowly.”，整理为简洁表述；4. 定位原文第四段“the snowshoe rabbits are usually brown in summer, but they change the colour of their fur into the colour of snow in winter”，结合雪的颜色提取答案；5. 结合自身实际，给出符合逻辑的回答。
【答案】1. (They travel) over 2,000 miles. 2. For better places with less snow and more food. 3. Its body temperature drops and heartbeat slows. 4. (They are) brown in summer and white in winter. 5. I will stay at home because it’s warm and comfortable.
【知识点】英语阅读理解，细节理解，开放型表达
【点评】本题围绕动物过冬方式展开，前4题考查原文信息定位能力，第5题结合生活实际，难度适中，能帮助学生巩固阅读理解的细节查找技巧。
【难度系数】0.7
