2. 同学们，观察以下句子，你能总结argue的相关表达吗？
They argued with the waiter about the price of the meal. 他们因饭费问题与服务员争论。
My sister had an argument with me about who should wash the dishes.
我和妹妹吵了一架，争论谁该洗碗。
Two students had an argument over the answer to the maths problem.
两个学生就数学答案争论起来。
总结：

① with；② argument；③ about / over

【分析】本题考查argue相关的固定搭配，解题时需结合给出的例句，回忆argue的动词用法、名词形式及对应的介词搭配。第一步，观察短语“argue ____ sb. about...”，从例句“They argued with the waiter about the price of the meal”可知，argue与某人争论时用介词with连接sb，确定①的答案；第二步，短语“have an ____ with sb.”中，have an后需接名词，argue的名词形式为argument，确定②的答案；第三步，短语“have an argument ____ sth.”，结合例句“Two students had an argument over the answer to the maths problem”，此处表示“关于某事”，可用介词about或over，确定③的答案。
【解析】①根据例句“They argued with the waiter about the price of the meal”，argue表示“争论”时，与某人搭配使用介词with，故填with；②have an后需接名词，argue的名词为argument，构成固定短语have an argument with sb.，意为“和某人争吵”，故填argument；③结合例句“Two students had an argument over the answer to the maths problem”，have an argument后接表示“关于某事”的介词，可用about或over，故填about/over。
【答案】①with；②argument；③about / over
【知识点】动词短语搭配；名词转换；介词搭配
【点评】本题围绕argue的相关固定搭配展开，借助例句辅助理解，属于基础词汇搭配题，需准确掌握动词、名词形式及对应的介词用法。
【难度系数】0.5

3. 同学们，你们掌握了difficulty的用法了吗？
I had difficulty / difficulties (in) solving the maths problem. 我解这个数学题有困难。
The team faced many difficulties during the project. 团队在项目中遇到许多难题。
She passed over the river without difficulty. 她轻松地过了河。
He spoke with difficulty. 他说话很吃力。
总结:

【即学即练】用方框中所给词的正确形式填空。
face difficulties argue about finish argue with difficulty
(After an argument with Tom about making the science poster, Amy met Tom in the classroom.)
Amy: Tom, I have difficulty (1) the poster alone. Can you help me?
Tom: But we (2) the design yesterday! You were impolite.
Amy: Tom, I'm sorry. I don't want another (3) . Let's make up and try again.
Tom: Okay! It's hard, but we can make it if we cooperate(合作).
Amy: Right. Last time we worked (4) because we didn't listen to each other's opinion.
Tom: I couldn't agree more. We must listen first and solve problems calmly.
Amy: Yes, teamwork means listening, not arguing. Let's (5) together.
(Then Amy and Tom worked together again, and their poster won first prize.)

总结部分：① doing ② difficulties ③ with ④ without
即学即练：(1) finishing (2) argued about (3) argument (4) with difficulty (5) face difficulties

【分析】
本题围绕名词difficulty的核心固定搭配及相关词的词形变化展开考查。解题思路：1. 先梳理difficulty的基础用法：① have difficulty (in) doing sth.（做某事有困难，后接动名词）；② face difficulties（遇到困难，difficulty表具体困难时用复数）；③ with difficulty（吃力地）、without difficulty（轻松地）。2. 再结合即学即练的语境，分析每个空所需的词性、时态、词形：比如(1)处是have difficulty后接动词的动名词形式；(2)处有时间状语yesterday，用动词过去式；(3)处another后接名词，需将动词argue变为名词argument；(4)处结合语境表“吃力地”，用固定搭配with difficulty；(5)处let's后接动词原形，结合语境用face difficulties。
【解析】
总结部分（固定搭配）
① 固定搭配have difficulty (in) doing sth.，故填doing；
② 固定搭配face difficulties（遇到困难，difficulty表具体困难时用复数），故填difficulties；
③ 固定搭配with difficulty（吃力地），故填with；
④ 固定搭配without difficulty（轻松地），故填without。
即学即练部分
(1) 考查have difficulty (in) doing sth.结构，finish需变为动名词finishing，故填finishing；
(2) 由时间状语yesterday可知用一般过去时，argue about的过去式为argued about，故填argued about；
(3) another后接名词，argue的名词形式为argument，故填argument；
(4) 结合语境“上次因为不听彼此意见，做得吃力”，用固定搭配with difficulty，故填with difficulty；
(5) let's后接动词原形，结合语境“一起面对困难”，用face difficulties，故填face difficulties。
【答案】
总结：① doing ② difficulties ③ with ④ without；即学即练：(1) finishing (2) argued about (3) argument (4) with difficulty (5) face difficulties
【知识点】
difficulty固定搭配、动词词形变化、名词词形变化
【点评】
本题聚焦difficulty的核心用法，通过总结和即学即练结合的形式，既考查基础搭配记忆，又注重语境下的词形运用，是初中英语词汇考查的典型题型，能帮助学生巩固词汇的搭配和变形规则。
【难度系数】
0.5