一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
We all heard the story of Nü Wa patching up(修补) the sky with melted coloured stones. Many years passed and troubles broke out again. One of them 1. (be) a big flood. It appeared in the Yellow River during the rule of Emperor Yao, and the people were forced to 2. (leave) their villages and live in trees or mountains. The flood brought great damage to the 3. (people) life. Emperor Yao felt sorry for the suffering of the people, so he asked Gun to solve the problem. Receiving the order, Gun led his team to build dikes(堤坝) to keep back the water but failed. Then Shun, the next emperor, ordered Gun’s son Yu to continue with the work after Gun 4. (death).
Yu accepted the work and found that it was much 5. (hard) than he had thought. But he fought against the great flood bravely. For thirteen years, he put 6. (he) into his work. He passed his house three times but he did not enter it. Drawing a lesson from his father’s 7. (fail), he used methods of channeling and dredging(挖道和疏浚) and controlled the great flood 8. (success).
Yu won the trust of his emperor and the people with his great 9. (effort). He was such a wise, strong-minded and great person that he is worth 10. (learn) from. We will remember him forever.

1. was 2. leave 3. people's 4. died 5. harder 6. himself 7. failure 8. successfully 9. efforts 10. learning

1. 句子讲述过去发生的传说故事，整体时态为一般过去时，主语One of them是单数概念，对应的be动词用was。
2. 固定搭配be forced to do sth. 表示“被迫做某事”，不定式符号to后接动词原形leave。
3. 此处要表达“人们的生活”，需要用名词所有格修饰名词life，people的所有格形式为people's。
4. 本句中after引导时间状语从句，从句缺少谓语动词，名词death要变为动词die的过去式died，匹配故事的过去时态。
5. 句中出现than表示比较，副词much可用来修饰形容词比较级，hard的比较级形式为harder。
6. 固定搭配put oneself into sth. 表示“全身心投入到某事中”，对应主语he的反身代词为himself。
7. 名词所有格father's后需要接名词，动词fail要变为名词形式failure，意为“失败”。
8. 此处需要副词修饰动词controlled，名词success的副词形式为successfully，意为“成功地”。
9. 形容词great后接名词，effort表示“努力”时为可数名词，此处指代多方面的付出，用复数形式efforts。
10. 固定搭配be worth doing sth. 表示“值得做某事”，动词learn要变为动名词形式learning。

二、阅读下面短文，从短文后框内的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Lightning is one of nature's light shows. It often happens in hot, wet places. Around the world, there are about 2,000 lightning storms happening at any given moment. It is a large electric flash of light, which is very hot. 1. This moving air makes a loud sound called thunder. Because light travels at greater speed than sound, we see the lightning before we hear the thunder.
Lightning is fun to watch but dangerous. 2. When the lightning hits land, it can cause a fire. Many wildfires start because of summer lightning. Because the land, trees and grasses are dry, they burn easily. On the other hand, it also brings danger to human beings. During storms with lightning, the electric shocks(电击) could destroy buildings or kill people outside. Some people using something electric or wet may get hurt in their homes.
3. It is necessary to keep the following dos and don'ts in mind. Stay inside during storms with lightning. Stay away from windows. Do not take a shower when there is lightning. Do not wash your hands. Remind your parents not to use the washer. Lightning can go through water. 4. Stay indoors for a while to be sure the storm is over. Do not use anything that is electric. Lightning can go through wires(电线). Remind your parents to turn off TVs and computers.
5. Learn about it. Learn how to stay safe. Then you can enjoy nature's light shows.

1. D 2. B 3. F 4. E 5. A

1. 空前提到闪电是温度很高的巨大电光，空后提到流动的空气会产生名为雷的巨大声响，D选项“它加热周围的空气，热空气高速流动”可以衔接上下文，解释雷声的形成原理，符合语境。
2. 空后出现了"On the other hand（另一方面）"，对应B选项中的"On the one hand（一方面）"，后文分别介绍闪电对地球的危害和对人类的危险，逻辑完全匹配。
3. 空后开始介绍雷雨天气的安全注意事项，F选项“你需要了解一些关于闪电的常识来保证自身安全”可以引出下文的安全规则，符合段落逻辑。
4. 空后提到要待在室内一段时间，确认风暴完全结束，E选项“即使雨停了，仍然可能存在闪电”可以解释为什么雨停后不能立刻外出，衔接自然。
5. 空后提到了解闪电、学会保证安全之后就可以欣赏大自然的光影秀，A选项“闪电是大自然中很有吸引力的一部分”引出后文内容，契合语境。
多余选项为C。