四、(2025·江西上饶期末改编)完形填空。
Heavy rains, typhoons, and hurricanes have led to serious flooding in places around the world. Deadly flooding has forced（迫使）hundreds of thousands of people to 1 their homes across affected countries in Central and Western Africa, Central and Eastern Europe.
Central and Western Africa
Heavy rains have caused floods across several countries in Africa, 2 Nigeria, Chad, Niger, and Mali. The floods have killed over 1,000 people, destroyed hundreds of thousands of homes, and forced nearly a million people to leave their homes.
Rain from a storm last week led to flooding in many areas of Nigeria. In Maiduguri, the water rose 3 after a dam（水坝）broke. About 40% of the city is underwater.
Across the region, the floods have destroyed houses, roads, and farms, leaving many families without food or a place to 4. Governments and some groups are trying to help, but it's hard to reach all the affected areas. The United Nations warns that more flooding is likely in the coming months.
Central and Eastern Europe
Heavy rains and flooding following Storm Boris have caused serious problems in several countries in Central and Eastern Europe. At least 16 people have died, and more are 5. The most affected countries are the Czech Republic, Austria, Poland, Hungary and Romania.
The flooding has forced hundreds of thousands of people to leave 6 homes. Rivers have overflowed, streets are underwater, and some neighbourhoods are completely flooded. In some places, dams have 7, and many homes don't have electricity or drinking water.
Governments are working hard to help people affected by the floods. They are getting people out of 8 areas, and sending thousands of rescue workers to help.
Experts say that rivers may 9 to rise for several days. This means the flooding could get worse before it gets better. Cities like Budapest in Hungary and Bratislava in Slovakia are 10 for more flooding.
1. A. leave B. build
C. miss D. stay
2. A. except B. including
C. for D. toward
3. A. slowly B. quickly
C. hardly D. luckily
4. A. play B. camp
C. live D. fight
5. A. hopeful B. sad
C. missing D. excited
6. A. our B. their
C. your D. her
7. A. broken B. repaired
C. seen D. noticed
8. A. wide B. narrow
C. smooth D. dangerous
9. A. stop B. continue
C. wish D. follow
10. A. planning B. looking
C. searching D. preparing

1. A 【解析】此处表示"致命的洪水迫使数十万人离开他们的家园",动词应用 leave。下文中"and forced nearly a million people to leave their homes"也是提示。
2. B 【解析】根据空后的"Nigeria, Chad, Niger, and Mali"可知,这些都是非洲国家,所以用 including 表示"包括"。
3. B 【解析】根据空后的"after a dam broke"可知,水位快速(quickly)上升。
4. C 【解析】根据空前的"the floods have destroyed houses, roads, and farms"可知,洪水摧毁了房屋、道路和农田,所以许多家庭没有地方住(live)。
5. C 【解析】空前提到至少有 16 人死亡,由此可知,此处是指更多的人失踪(missing)了。
6. B 【解析】根据语境可知,空处是指那些在洪水中受灾的人,应用形容词性物主代词 their。
7. A 【解析】此处表示水坝决堤,用过去分词 broken。上文中"after a dam broke"也是提示。
8. D 【解析】根据上文内容可知,洪水摧毁了人们的房屋,所以政府是帮助人们离开危险的(dangerous)区域。
9. B 【解析】根据后句中"This means the flooding could get worse"可知,河水会在几天内继续上涨。continue 意为"继续",符合语境。
10. D

【分析】
做完形填空时，首先需通读全文，把握文章主旨（本文围绕全球多地洪水灾害展开）；接着逐题分析，结合上下文语境、词汇含义、固定搭配及前后文提示词来筛选正确选项；最后通读全文验证答案，确保逻辑连贯、语义通顺。
【解析】
1. 选A。此处表示致命洪水迫使数十万人离开家园，leave意为“离开”，下文“forced nearly a million people to leave their homes”是提示，故选A。
2. 选B。空后列举的尼日利亚等是非洲受洪灾国家，including意为“包括”，符合语境，故选B。
3. 选B。根据后文“after a dam broke”（水坝决堤），可知水位快速上升，quickly意为“快速地”，故选B。
4. 选C。洪水摧毁房屋、道路和农田，导致许多家庭没有居住的地方，live意为“居住”，故选C。
5. 选C。前文提到至少16人死亡，此处指更多人失踪，missing意为“失踪的”，故选C。
6. 选B。指代受灾的人们，应用形容词性物主代词their，故选B。
7. 选A。根据上文“after a dam broke”（水坝决堤），可知此处指水坝破裂，broken意为“破裂的”，故选A。
8. 选D。洪水灾害中，政府帮助人们离开危险区域，dangerous意为“危险的”，故选D。
9. 选B。后文提到洪水可能更严重，说明河水会继续上涨，continue意为“继续”，故选B。
10. 选D。布达佩斯等城市在为更多洪水做准备，prepare意为“准备”，故选D。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.D
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词汇词义辨析、代词用法
【点评】
本题以自然灾害洪水为话题，考查学生对语境的理解能力、词汇辨析及代词运用，贴近生活实际，题型常规，适合初中阶段学生巩固完形填空解题方法。
【难度系数】
0.6