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(B)
Do you have an interest in knowing something about the future? What do you think our life will be like in 50 years or more? To answer this, you can read a sci-fi book. Perhaps you will have some ideas then. Today, many young readers are interested in science fiction. But what makes it so popular?
For one thing, science fiction gives us a chance to imagine what our future will be like. Anything is possible. We can dream big. Some people think there will be flying cars and robot servants. Others believe we will learn more about strange aliens (外星人) and other worlds.
Another reason is that sci-fi writers and their works can inspire (给予…灵感) us to create the future. In 1945, a sci-fi author named Arthur C. Clarke wrote about a system of space stations. In the article, he predicted (预测) the future Earth would have many TV stations and people would send TV programmes around the world. However, this was before TV was a common item at home! In a short story by Clarke, he suggested people in the future would use a system to talk with others around the world. Amazingly, the short story was actually the inspiration for the Internet!
Science fiction is also popular because it can make us think about our world in new ways. Although many sci-fi stories are set in imaginary (虚构的) worlds or societies, they can help us better understand the real world. People will not stop reading sci-fi after knowing the real future. They can also make us excited when we feel like we are living in a boring world.
What will the future be like? Sci-fi inspires us and helps us to understand what it could be like.
(
A. It helps them imagine the future. B. It tells real stories about our world.
C. It is easier to read than the other books. D. It teaches them how to make flying cars.
(
A. To give an example. B. To lead into the topic.
C. To present a question. D. To introduce the background.
(
A. All predictions in sci-fi stories will come true.
B. Sci-fi stories can make our daily life more interesting.
C. Science fiction will become less popular in the future.
D. People will stop reading sci-fi after knowing the real future.
Do you have an interest in knowing something about the future? What do you think our life will be like in 50 years or more? To answer this, you can read a sci-fi book. Perhaps you will have some ideas then. Today, many young readers are interested in science fiction. But what makes it so popular?
For one thing, science fiction gives us a chance to imagine what our future will be like. Anything is possible. We can dream big. Some people think there will be flying cars and robot servants. Others believe we will learn more about strange aliens (外星人) and other worlds.
Another reason is that sci-fi writers and their works can inspire (给予…灵感) us to create the future. In 1945, a sci-fi author named Arthur C. Clarke wrote about a system of space stations. In the article, he predicted (预测) the future Earth would have many TV stations and people would send TV programmes around the world. However, this was before TV was a common item at home! In a short story by Clarke, he suggested people in the future would use a system to talk with others around the world. Amazingly, the short story was actually the inspiration for the Internet!
Science fiction is also popular because it can make us think about our world in new ways. Although many sci-fi stories are set in imaginary (虚构的) worlds or societies, they can help us better understand the real world. People will not stop reading sci-fi after knowing the real future. They can also make us excited when we feel like we are living in a boring world.
What will the future be like? Sci-fi inspires us and helps us to understand what it could be like.
(
A
) 4. Why do many young readers like science fiction?A. It helps them imagine the future. B. It tells real stories about our world.
C. It is easier to read than the other books. D. It teaches them how to make flying cars.
(
A
) 5. Why is Arthur C. Clarke mentioned in Paragraph 3?A. To give an example. B. To lead into the topic.
C. To present a question. D. To introduce the background.
(
B
) 6. What can we infer from the passage?A. All predictions in sci-fi stories will come true.
B. Sci-fi stories can make our daily life more interesting.
C. Science fiction will become less popular in the future.
D. People will stop reading sci-fi after knowing the real future.
答案
4—6: AAB
解析
【分析】
这是一篇科普说明文类阅读理解，解题时遵循题干定位法的思路即可：首先明确每道题的提问方向，带着问题返回原文对应段落锁定相关信息，逐一比对选项，排除表述错误、无中生有的干扰项，就能得到正确答案。第4题直接对应文中介绍科幻受欢迎原因的内容，第5题需要先找到段落核心论点，再判断人物事例的作用，第6题是推理判断题，需要把每个选项和原文内容逐一核对，排除不符合原文逻辑的错误表述。
【解析】
1. 第4题：细节理解题。原文第二段开篇就点明科幻受欢迎的第一个原因是它给了我们想象未来的机会，和A选项表述完全吻合。B选项错误，科幻故事大多是虚构内容，并非讲述真实世界的故事；C选项文中从未提及科幻比其他书籍更容易阅读；D选项错误，文中仅提到有人畅想未来会出现飞行汽车，并没有说教读者制造飞行汽车，因此选A。
2. 第5题：论证作用判断题。第三段的核心论点是科幻作家和他们的作品可以激励我们创造未来，之后列举Arthur C. Clarke的多部作品提前预测了空间站、全球电视传输、互联网的相关内容，是为了给核心论点提供具体的真实例证，作用就是给出示例，因此选A。
3. 第6题：推理判断题。A选项表述过于绝对，文中仅提到部分科幻预测成为了现实，并没有说明所有科幻预测都会成真；C选项属于无中生有，全文没有任何内容提到科幻未来会变得更不受欢迎；D选项和原文第四段"People will not stop reading sci-fi after knowing the real future."的表述完全相反；只有B选项对应原文第四段末尾"当我们觉得生活很无聊时，科幻也能让我们感到兴奋"的内容，说明科幻故事可以让日常生活更有趣，表述正确，因此选B。
【答案】
4. A 5. A 6. B
【知识点】
细节信息定位，阅读理解推理判断，说明文举例论证
【点评】
本题是典型的初中中等难度科普类阅读题，重点考察学生快速抓取原文关键信息、甄别干扰选项的能力，解题时要注意避开表述绝对、和原文反向、无中生有这几类常见干扰项，所有判断都要依托原文内容，不要主观臆断。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇科普说明文类阅读理解，解题时遵循题干定位法的思路即可：首先明确每道题的提问方向，带着问题返回原文对应段落锁定相关信息，逐一比对选项，排除表述错误、无中生有的干扰项，就能得到正确答案。第4题直接对应文中介绍科幻受欢迎原因的内容，第5题需要先找到段落核心论点，再判断人物事例的作用，第6题是推理判断题，需要把每个选项和原文内容逐一核对，排除不符合原文逻辑的错误表述。
【解析】
1. 第4题：细节理解题。原文第二段开篇就点明科幻受欢迎的第一个原因是它给了我们想象未来的机会，和A选项表述完全吻合。B选项错误，科幻故事大多是虚构内容，并非讲述真实世界的故事；C选项文中从未提及科幻比其他书籍更容易阅读；D选项错误，文中仅提到有人畅想未来会出现飞行汽车，并没有说教读者制造飞行汽车，因此选A。
2. 第5题：论证作用判断题。第三段的核心论点是科幻作家和他们的作品可以激励我们创造未来，之后列举Arthur C. Clarke的多部作品提前预测了空间站、全球电视传输、互联网的相关内容，是为了给核心论点提供具体的真实例证，作用就是给出示例，因此选A。
3. 第6题：推理判断题。A选项表述过于绝对，文中仅提到部分科幻预测成为了现实，并没有说明所有科幻预测都会成真；C选项属于无中生有，全文没有任何内容提到科幻未来会变得更不受欢迎；D选项和原文第四段"People will not stop reading sci-fi after knowing the real future."的表述完全相反；只有B选项对应原文第四段末尾"当我们觉得生活很无聊时，科幻也能让我们感到兴奋"的内容，说明科幻故事可以让日常生活更有趣，表述正确，因此选B。
【答案】
4. A 5. A 6. B
【知识点】
细节信息定位，阅读理解推理判断，说明文举例论证
【点评】
本题是典型的初中中等难度科普类阅读题，重点考察学生快速抓取原文关键信息、甄别干扰选项的能力，解题时要注意避开表述绝对、和原文反向、无中生有这几类常见干扰项，所有判断都要依托原文内容，不要主观臆断。
【难度系数】
0.7
(C)
Published in 1877, Black Beauty is one of the literature's best-loved classics and is the only book Anna Sewell ever wrote.
In the book, Black Beauty, a horse, tells the story of his life in his own words. It is a story of how he was treated (对待) with kindness and love when he was young, but later his treatment changed at the hands of different owners. Black Beauty spent his young life with his mother on Farmer Grey's farm. Farmer Grey is a good, kind man and the horses had a good life. His mother told him to be good and work hard. Black Beauty tried to follow this advice all his life.
First, he went to live with Mr Gordon and his family, who treated their horses well. He was cared for by a kind groom (马夫) called John, who never used a whip (鞭子). Black Beauty saved Mrs Gordon's life when he ran fast to bring the doctor to her. The Gordons moved abroad and Black Beauty was sold to Lord Westland. Things became totally different. Lady Westland made the horses wear reins (缰绳) so that they held their heads up high. One day, a groom called Smith was left to look after the horses. He was drunk and rode Black Beauty very hard and used a whip. Black Beauty lost a shoe and in the end fell. Smith was killed in the accident and Black Beauty stayed alive but his legs were left a bad scar (伤疤) and Lord Westland decided to sell him.
Black Beauty's next home was with a London cab (= taxi) driver Jerry Barker. Jerry and his family treated Black Beauty very well, but the work was hard and the hours were long. Jerry became ill and had to sell Black Beauty to a farmer. The farmer took him to some women at Rose Hall. There, Black Beauty came together again with the young groom who used to look after him at Mr Gordon's home. The women wanted to keep Black Beauty, so once again he had a kind and happy home.
(
A. the book Black Beauty is the only best-loved classic
B. the writer Anna Sewell wrote Black Beauty in her words
C. Black Beauty lived a happy life on Farmer Grey's farm
D. the groom called Smith was kind and patient to Black Beauty
(
A. Lady Westland's grooms. B. Lady Westland's horses.
C. Black Beauty and his mother. D. Black Beauty's owners.
(
a. Black Beauty met the young groom who used to look after him.
b. A doctor was brought to save Mrs Gordon's life in time.
c. Farmer Grey treated Black Beauty and his mum with kindness and love.
d. Black Beauty worked for long hours for Jerry.
A. a-b-c-d B. c-a-b-d C. a-d-c-b D. c-b-d-a
(
A. a sports magazine B. a book review C. a science fiction D. a travel report
Published in 1877, Black Beauty is one of the literature's best-loved classics and is the only book Anna Sewell ever wrote.
In the book, Black Beauty, a horse, tells the story of his life in his own words. It is a story of how he was treated (对待) with kindness and love when he was young, but later his treatment changed at the hands of different owners. Black Beauty spent his young life with his mother on Farmer Grey's farm. Farmer Grey is a good, kind man and the horses had a good life. His mother told him to be good and work hard. Black Beauty tried to follow this advice all his life.
First, he went to live with Mr Gordon and his family, who treated their horses well. He was cared for by a kind groom (马夫) called John, who never used a whip (鞭子). Black Beauty saved Mrs Gordon's life when he ran fast to bring the doctor to her. The Gordons moved abroad and Black Beauty was sold to Lord Westland. Things became totally different. Lady Westland made the horses wear reins (缰绳) so that they held their heads up high. One day, a groom called Smith was left to look after the horses. He was drunk and rode Black Beauty very hard and used a whip. Black Beauty lost a shoe and in the end fell. Smith was killed in the accident and Black Beauty stayed alive but his legs were left a bad scar (伤疤) and Lord Westland decided to sell him.
Black Beauty's next home was with a London cab (= taxi) driver Jerry Barker. Jerry and his family treated Black Beauty very well, but the work was hard and the hours were long. Jerry became ill and had to sell Black Beauty to a farmer. The farmer took him to some women at Rose Hall. There, Black Beauty came together again with the young groom who used to look after him at Mr Gordon's home. The women wanted to keep Black Beauty, so once again he had a kind and happy home.
(
C
) 7. According to the passage, we can know .A. the book Black Beauty is the only best-loved classic
B. the writer Anna Sewell wrote Black Beauty in her words
C. Black Beauty lived a happy life on Farmer Grey's farm
D. the groom called Smith was kind and patient to Black Beauty
(
B
) 8. What does the underlined word "they" refer to?A. Lady Westland's grooms. B. Lady Westland's horses.
C. Black Beauty and his mother. D. Black Beauty's owners.
(
D
) 9. What might be the correct order of what happened in the story?a. Black Beauty met the young groom who used to look after him.
b. A doctor was brought to save Mrs Gordon's life in time.
c. Farmer Grey treated Black Beauty and his mum with kindness and love.
d. Black Beauty worked for long hours for Jerry.
A. a-b-c-d B. c-a-b-d C. a-d-c-b D. c-b-d-a
(
B
) 10. The passage is probably taken from .A. a sports magazine B. a book review C. a science fiction D. a travel report
答案
7—10: CBDB
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍经典名著《黑骏马》内容的阅读理解题，解题时可以按照以下思路推进：1. 先浏览4道题的题干明确考点：第7题是细节正误判断题，需要逐个核对选项和原文表述是否匹配；第8题是代词指代题，定位划线词所在句的前后语境即可找到指代对象；第9题是事件排序题，回到原文按故事发展的时间先后梳理四个事件的发生顺序；第10题是文章出处推断题，结合全文的内容属性匹配对应的文本类型。所有判断都要依托原文给出的明确依据，不要凭主观印象选择答案。
【解析】
7. 逐个核对选项：
选项A：原文第一段说明《黑骏马》是最受喜爱的经典文学作品之一，并非“唯一的最受喜爱的经典”，表述偷换概念，错误。
选项B：原文明确提到这本书是以黑马黑骏马的第一人称口吻讲述自身故事，并非作者用自己的话创作对应内容，表述错误。
选项C：原文第二段提到黑骏马幼年和母亲在Farmer Grey的农场生活，Farmer Grey是善良的人，马匹们生活得很好，和选项表述完全一致，正确。
选项D：原文第三段提到马夫Smith喝醉后狠命骑乘黑骏马、还使用鞭子，完全不友善，表述错误。因此第7题选C。
8. 定位划线词所在句“Lady Westland made the horses wear reins so that they held their heads up high”，前半句提到Westland夫人让马匹戴上缰绳，目的就是让这些马匹把头高高昂起，因此they指代的就是Westland夫人的马，对应选项B。
9. 梳理事件先后顺序：
① 最早发生的是c：Farmer Grey善待黑骏马和它的母亲，是故事开篇的幼年农场情节；
② 之后发生的是b：黑骏马快速奔跑带医生来救治Gordon夫人，是它离开农场到Gordon先生家之后的情节；
③ 接下来发生的是d：黑骏马为出租车司机Jerry长时间工作，是它出事故被转卖之后的情节；
④ 最后发生的是a：黑骏马重逢曾经照顾它的年轻马夫，是故事末尾的情节。
因此正确顺序是c-b-d-a，对应选项D。
10. 全文围绕《黑骏马》这本经典书籍的创作背景、完整故事梗概展开介绍，属于书籍评论类内容，不属于体育杂志内容、科幻小说、旅行报告，因此选B。
【答案】
7—10: CBDB
【知识点】
细节信息判断，代词指代辨析，文本出处推断
【点评】
本题以经典儿童文学《黑骏马》的故事梗概为载体设题，覆盖了初中英语阅读理解最常见的四类考点，整体干扰项设置难度低，只要学生能准确定位原文对应段落、避开偷换概念的小陷阱就可以顺利选出正确答案，能够有效锻炼学生快速检索文本关键信息的能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇介绍经典名著《黑骏马》内容的阅读理解题，解题时可以按照以下思路推进：1. 先浏览4道题的题干明确考点：第7题是细节正误判断题，需要逐个核对选项和原文表述是否匹配；第8题是代词指代题，定位划线词所在句的前后语境即可找到指代对象；第9题是事件排序题，回到原文按故事发展的时间先后梳理四个事件的发生顺序；第10题是文章出处推断题，结合全文的内容属性匹配对应的文本类型。所有判断都要依托原文给出的明确依据，不要凭主观印象选择答案。
【解析】
7. 逐个核对选项：
选项A：原文第一段说明《黑骏马》是最受喜爱的经典文学作品之一，并非“唯一的最受喜爱的经典”，表述偷换概念，错误。
选项B：原文明确提到这本书是以黑马黑骏马的第一人称口吻讲述自身故事，并非作者用自己的话创作对应内容，表述错误。
选项C：原文第二段提到黑骏马幼年和母亲在Farmer Grey的农场生活，Farmer Grey是善良的人，马匹们生活得很好，和选项表述完全一致，正确。
选项D：原文第三段提到马夫Smith喝醉后狠命骑乘黑骏马、还使用鞭子，完全不友善，表述错误。因此第7题选C。
8. 定位划线词所在句“Lady Westland made the horses wear reins so that they held their heads up high”，前半句提到Westland夫人让马匹戴上缰绳，目的就是让这些马匹把头高高昂起，因此they指代的就是Westland夫人的马，对应选项B。
9. 梳理事件先后顺序：
① 最早发生的是c：Farmer Grey善待黑骏马和它的母亲，是故事开篇的幼年农场情节；
② 之后发生的是b：黑骏马快速奔跑带医生来救治Gordon夫人，是它离开农场到Gordon先生家之后的情节；
③ 接下来发生的是d：黑骏马为出租车司机Jerry长时间工作，是它出事故被转卖之后的情节；
④ 最后发生的是a：黑骏马重逢曾经照顾它的年轻马夫，是故事末尾的情节。
因此正确顺序是c-b-d-a，对应选项D。
10. 全文围绕《黑骏马》这本经典书籍的创作背景、完整故事梗概展开介绍，属于书籍评论类内容，不属于体育杂志内容、科幻小说、旅行报告，因此选B。
【答案】
7—10: CBDB
【知识点】
细节信息判断，代词指代辨析，文本出处推断
【点评】
本题以经典儿童文学《黑骏马》的故事梗概为载体设题，覆盖了初中英语阅读理解最常见的四类考点，整体干扰项设置难度低，只要学生能准确定位原文对应段落、避开偷换概念的小陷阱就可以顺利选出正确答案，能够有效锻炼学生快速检索文本关键信息的能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
