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三、阅读七选五
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
体裁:说明文
主题:发明与创造
难度: ★★★★★
建议用时:8 min
正确率: /5
Colours are not just pretty to look at, they can talk to us. Scientists call these "smart colours" because they change when something important happens. This helps keep us safe, saves money, and even protects the Earth.
In some hospitals, nurses wear special wristbands(腕带) that turn bright red if nurses forget to wash hands. This is a gentle reminder to wash hands before touching a patient. 1 These tiny colour changes of wristbands make patients feel safe while staying in the hospital.
On highways, engineers can use "temperature paint" on bridges. When the air drops below freezing, the grey road slowly turns bright white, warning drivers that ice may be hiding there. 2
Inside your kitchen, smart labels(标签) on milk cartons change from green to orange if the milk has been left out too long. 3 Families can throw the milk away before anyone gets sick. Also, supermarkets will remove the milk if it isn't fresh.
Even sports can use colours as signals(信号). Smart running shoes will turn purple when the rubber is worn out. 4 Coaches say this simple purple stripe prevents ankle and knee hurt, saving athletes weeks of painful treatment.
However, today's smart colours often need batteries or special chemicals. Researchers are now working on "self-powered" pigments(色素) that only need light or heat. 5 One day, our T-shirts may change colour with the weather, telling us when to carry an umbrella or take it off, making life both easier and greener.
A. They hope such pigments will make smart colours cheaper and greener.
B. Similarly, wristbands of football players will turn bright yellow when they're hot.
C. Patients simply look at the wristbands and know whether the nurses' hands are safe.
D. The colour signals will tell you to change into a new pair of shoes before you get hurt.
E. The brighter it turns, the more careful drivers become, so accidents drop sharply in winter.
F. Without the bright colourful paint, many accidents could happen, especially on dark evenings.
G. This small change will not only help us eat healthily, but also be of some help to the supermarkets.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
体裁:说明文
主题:发明与创造
难度: ★★★★★
建议用时:8 min
正确率: /5
Colours are not just pretty to look at, they can talk to us. Scientists call these "smart colours" because they change when something important happens. This helps keep us safe, saves money, and even protects the Earth.
In some hospitals, nurses wear special wristbands(腕带) that turn bright red if nurses forget to wash hands. This is a gentle reminder to wash hands before touching a patient. 1 These tiny colour changes of wristbands make patients feel safe while staying in the hospital.
On highways, engineers can use "temperature paint" on bridges. When the air drops below freezing, the grey road slowly turns bright white, warning drivers that ice may be hiding there. 2
Inside your kitchen, smart labels(标签) on milk cartons change from green to orange if the milk has been left out too long. 3 Families can throw the milk away before anyone gets sick. Also, supermarkets will remove the milk if it isn't fresh.
Even sports can use colours as signals(信号). Smart running shoes will turn purple when the rubber is worn out. 4 Coaches say this simple purple stripe prevents ankle and knee hurt, saving athletes weeks of painful treatment.
However, today's smart colours often need batteries or special chemicals. Researchers are now working on "self-powered" pigments(色素) that only need light or heat. 5 One day, our T-shirts may change colour with the weather, telling us when to carry an umbrella or take it off, making life both easier and greener.
A. They hope such pigments will make smart colours cheaper and greener.
B. Similarly, wristbands of football players will turn bright yellow when they're hot.
C. Patients simply look at the wristbands and know whether the nurses' hands are safe.
D. The colour signals will tell you to change into a new pair of shoes before you get hurt.
E. The brighter it turns, the more careful drivers become, so accidents drop sharply in winter.
F. Without the bright colourful paint, many accidents could happen, especially on dark evenings.
G. This small change will not only help us eat healthily, but also be of some help to the supermarkets.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
答案
三、【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过医院、公路、厨房和运动等领域的实际应用，介绍了“智能颜色”通过颜色变化传递重要信息，从而保障安全、节约资源、促进健康，并展望了其更绿色便捷的未来。
1. C 根据上文“nurses wear special wristbands that turn bright red if nurses forget to wash hands”和下文“These tiny colour changes of wristbands make patients feel safe while staying in the hospital.”可知腕带变红提醒护士洗手，腕带颜色变化让患者安心；此处应具体介绍颜色变化如何让患者安心；C 项“患者只需看腕带就知道护士的手是否安全。”承上启下，解释了颜色变化与病人安全感之间的直接联系。故选 C。
2. E 根据上文“When the air drops below freezing, the grey road slowly turns bright white, warning drivers that ice may be hiding there.”可知公路桥梁的温度涂料在冰点下会从灰色变白色，警示司机有冰；E 项“颜色变得越亮，司机越小心，因此冬季事故大幅减少。”进一步解释“白色警示”带来的实际效果。故选 E。
3. G 根据上文“Inside your kitchen, smart labels on milk cartons change from green to orange if the milk has been left out too long.”和下文“Families can throw the milk away before anyone gets sick. Also, supermarkets will remove the milk if it isn't fresh.”可知牛奶盒智能标签放置过久会从绿色变橙色，智能标签帮助家庭和超市及时处理不新鲜的牛奶；G 项“这个小变化不仅帮我们健康饮食，还对超市有帮助。”承上启下，启示下文“家庭＋超市”的双重益处。故选 G。
4. D 根据上文“Smart running shoes will turn purple when the rubber is worn out.”和下文“Coaches say this simple purple stripe prevents ankle and knee hurt, saving athletes weeks of painful treatment.”可知智能跑鞋在橡胶磨损时会变紫色，从而预防脚踝和膝盖受伤；D 项“颜色信号会在你受伤前提醒你换一双新鞋。”衔接“变紫色”的信号与“预防受伤”的结果，解释跑鞋颜色变化的具体作用。故选 D。
5. A 根据上文“Researchers are now working on ‘self-powered’ pigments that only need light or heat.”可知研究者正在研发“自供电”色素；A 项“他们希望这类色素能让智能颜色更便宜、更环保。”承上启下，介绍研发自供电色素的目的，为下文“更环保的未来应用”作铺垫。故选 A。
1. C 根据上文“nurses wear special wristbands that turn bright red if nurses forget to wash hands”和下文“These tiny colour changes of wristbands make patients feel safe while staying in the hospital.”可知腕带变红提醒护士洗手，腕带颜色变化让患者安心；此处应具体介绍颜色变化如何让患者安心；C 项“患者只需看腕带就知道护士的手是否安全。”承上启下，解释了颜色变化与病人安全感之间的直接联系。故选 C。
2. E 根据上文“When the air drops below freezing, the grey road slowly turns bright white, warning drivers that ice may be hiding there.”可知公路桥梁的温度涂料在冰点下会从灰色变白色，警示司机有冰；E 项“颜色变得越亮，司机越小心，因此冬季事故大幅减少。”进一步解释“白色警示”带来的实际效果。故选 E。
3. G 根据上文“Inside your kitchen, smart labels on milk cartons change from green to orange if the milk has been left out too long.”和下文“Families can throw the milk away before anyone gets sick. Also, supermarkets will remove the milk if it isn't fresh.”可知牛奶盒智能标签放置过久会从绿色变橙色，智能标签帮助家庭和超市及时处理不新鲜的牛奶；G 项“这个小变化不仅帮我们健康饮食，还对超市有帮助。”承上启下，启示下文“家庭＋超市”的双重益处。故选 G。
4. D 根据上文“Smart running shoes will turn purple when the rubber is worn out.”和下文“Coaches say this simple purple stripe prevents ankle and knee hurt, saving athletes weeks of painful treatment.”可知智能跑鞋在橡胶磨损时会变紫色，从而预防脚踝和膝盖受伤；D 项“颜色信号会在你受伤前提醒你换一双新鞋。”衔接“变紫色”的信号与“预防受伤”的结果，解释跑鞋颜色变化的具体作用。故选 D。
5. A 根据上文“Researchers are now working on ‘self-powered’ pigments that only need light or heat.”可知研究者正在研发“自供电”色素；A 项“他们希望这类色素能让智能颜色更便宜、更环保。”承上启下，介绍研发自供电色素的目的，为下文“更环保的未来应用”作铺垫。故选 A。
解析
【分析】
首先通读全文，明确文章主题是介绍“智能颜色”在不同领域的应用及未来发展，属于说明文。七选五解题需紧扣上下文的逻辑关系（如指代关系、内容承接、因果关联等），逐个分析空白处前后文的关键词与语义，匹配对应选项：1空前后围绕医院腕带对患者的作用，需选衔接腕带颜色变化与患者感受的选项；2空围绕公路温度涂料对司机的警示效果，需选承接警示作用的选项；3空围绕牛奶标签变色的好处，需选兼顾家庭和超市益处的选项；4空围绕智能跑鞋变色的作用，需选衔接变色与预防受伤的选项；5空围绕研发自供电色素的目的，需选承接研发目标的选项。
【解析】
1. 上文提到护士腕带变红提醒洗手，下文指出腕带的颜色变化让患者安心，C项“患者只需看腕带就知道护士的手是否安全”既呼应了上文的腕带，又解释了患者安心的原因，承上启下，故选C。
2. 上文说明公路温度涂料在冰点下变白警示司机有冰，E项“颜色变得越亮，司机越小心，因此冬季事故大幅减少”进一步说明白色警示带来的实际效果，承接上文的警示作用，故选E。
3. 上文提到牛奶盒智能标签变色，下文指出家庭和超市的益处，G项“这个小变化不仅帮我们健康饮食，还对超市有帮助”衔接了上文的标签变色和下文的双重益处，故选G。
4. 上文提到智能跑鞋橡胶磨损时变紫色，下文说明紫色条纹可预防受伤，D项“颜色信号会在你受伤前提醒你换一双新鞋”衔接了变色信号与预防受伤的结果，故选D。
5. 上文提到研究者研发“自供电”色素，A项“他们希望这类色素能让智能颜色更便宜、更环保”承接了研发的目标，为下文的未来应用铺垫，故选A。
【答案】
1.C 2.E 3.G 4.D 5.A
【知识点】
阅读理解（七选五）、语篇逻辑衔接、说明文阅读
【点评】
本文围绕“智能颜色”的应用与发展展开，结构清晰，解题时需重点关注上下文的逻辑关联，考查学生的语篇理解和逻辑推理能力，是典型的说明文类七选五题目。
【难度系数】
0.3
首先通读全文，明确文章主题是介绍“智能颜色”在不同领域的应用及未来发展，属于说明文。七选五解题需紧扣上下文的逻辑关系（如指代关系、内容承接、因果关联等），逐个分析空白处前后文的关键词与语义，匹配对应选项：1空前后围绕医院腕带对患者的作用，需选衔接腕带颜色变化与患者感受的选项；2空围绕公路温度涂料对司机的警示效果，需选承接警示作用的选项；3空围绕牛奶标签变色的好处，需选兼顾家庭和超市益处的选项；4空围绕智能跑鞋变色的作用，需选衔接变色与预防受伤的选项；5空围绕研发自供电色素的目的，需选承接研发目标的选项。
【解析】
1. 上文提到护士腕带变红提醒洗手，下文指出腕带的颜色变化让患者安心，C项“患者只需看腕带就知道护士的手是否安全”既呼应了上文的腕带，又解释了患者安心的原因，承上启下，故选C。
2. 上文说明公路温度涂料在冰点下变白警示司机有冰，E项“颜色变得越亮，司机越小心，因此冬季事故大幅减少”进一步说明白色警示带来的实际效果，承接上文的警示作用，故选E。
3. 上文提到牛奶盒智能标签变色，下文指出家庭和超市的益处，G项“这个小变化不仅帮我们健康饮食，还对超市有帮助”衔接了上文的标签变色和下文的双重益处，故选G。
4. 上文提到智能跑鞋橡胶磨损时变紫色，下文说明紫色条纹可预防受伤，D项“颜色信号会在你受伤前提醒你换一双新鞋”衔接了变色信号与预防受伤的结果，故选D。
5. 上文提到研究者研发“自供电”色素，A项“他们希望这类色素能让智能颜色更便宜、更环保”承接了研发的目标，为下文的未来应用铺垫，故选A。
【答案】
1.C 2.E 3.G 4.D 5.A
【知识点】
阅读理解（七选五）、语篇逻辑衔接、说明文阅读
【点评】
本文围绕“智能颜色”的应用与发展展开，结构清晰，解题时需重点关注上下文的逻辑关联，考查学生的语篇理解和逻辑推理能力，是典型的说明文类七选五题目。
【难度系数】
0.3
