一、在$◯$里填“>”“<”或“=”。
$\frac {2}{3}×\frac {4}{5}$
$\frac {4}{13}×\frac {6}{5}$
$\frac {17}{10}×\frac {3}{7}$
$\frac {2}{3}×\frac {4}{5}$
<
$\frac {2}{3}$ $2×\frac {1}{2}$>
$1×\frac {1}{2}$ $\frac {2}{3}×\frac {3}{2}$=
$5×\frac {1}{5}$$\frac {4}{13}×\frac {6}{5}$
>
$\frac {4}{13}$ $\frac {8}{11}×\frac {1}{4}$=
$\frac {4}{11}×\frac {1}{2}$ $\frac {5}{6}×\frac {6}{5}$=
$\frac {3}{7}×\frac {7}{3}$$\frac {17}{10}×\frac {3}{7}$
<
$\frac {17}{10}$ $\frac {7}{4}×1$>
$\frac {7}{4}×\frac {1}{2}$ $\frac {1}{11}×10$<
$\frac {1}{10}×11$答案
一、< > =
> = =
< > <
> = =
< > <
二、解方程。
$0.48x - 7.49 = 9.79$ $3.9 - 2.4 + 6x = 10.5$ $3.5x + 4.7x = 164$
$(0.97 + 4.23)x = 1.872$ $9(x - 1.1) = 18.9$ $6x + 2×2.5 = 41$
$x - \frac {2}{5} = \frac {3}{10}$ $\frac {1}{12} + x + \frac {1}{3} = \frac {1}{2}$ $x + \frac {2}{7} - \frac {1}{3} = \frac {3}{5}$
$0.48x - 7.49 = 9.79$ $3.9 - 2.4 + 6x = 10.5$ $3.5x + 4.7x = 164$
$(0.97 + 4.23)x = 1.872$ $9(x - 1.1) = 18.9$ $6x + 2×2.5 = 41$
$x - \frac {2}{5} = \frac {3}{10}$ $\frac {1}{12} + x + \frac {1}{3} = \frac {1}{2}$ $x + \frac {2}{7} - \frac {1}{3} = \frac {3}{5}$
答案
1. 解方程$0.48x - 7.49 = 9.79$:
解:
$0.48x=9.79 + 7.49$
$0.48x = 17.28$
$x=\frac{17.28}{0.48}$
$x = 36$
2. 解方程$3.9−2.4 + 6x = 10.5$:
解:
$1.5+6x = 10.5$
$6x=10.5 - 1.5$
$6x = 9$
$x=\frac{9}{6}$
$x = 1.5$
3. 解方程$3.5x + 4.7x = 164$:
解:
$(3.5 + 4.7)x = 164$
$8.2x = 164$
$x=\frac{164}{8.2}$
$x = 20$
4. 解方程$(0.97 + 4.23)x = 1.872$:
解:
$5.2x = 1.872$
$x=\frac{1.872}{5.2}$
$x = 0.36$
5. 解方程$9(x - 1.1)=18.9$:
解:
$x−1.1=\frac{18.9}{9}$
$x−1.1 = 2.1$
$x=2.1 + 1.1$
$x = 3.2$
6. 解方程$6x + 2×2.5 = 41$:
解:
$6x+5 = 41$
$6x=41 - 5$
$6x = 36$
$x=\frac{36}{6}$
$x = 6$
7. 解方程$x-\frac{2}{5}=\frac{3}{10}$:
解:
$x=\frac{3}{10}+\frac{2}{5}$
$x=\frac{3 + 4}{10}$
$x=\frac{7}{10}$
8. 解方程$\frac{1}{12}+x+\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{2}$:
解:
$x=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{12}-\frac{1}{3}$
$x=\frac{6 - 1 - 4}{12}$
$x=\frac{1}{12}$
9. 解方程$x+\frac{2}{7}-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{3}{5}$:
解:
$x=\frac{3}{5}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{7}$
$x=\frac{63 + 35 - 30}{105}$
$x=\frac{68}{105}$
综上,答案依次为$x = 36$;$x = 1.5$;$x = 20$;$x = 0.36$;$x = 3.2$;$x = 6$;$x=\frac{7}{10}$;$x=\frac{1}{12}$;$x=\frac{68}{105}$。
解:
$0.48x=9.79 + 7.49$
$0.48x = 17.28$
$x=\frac{17.28}{0.48}$
$x = 36$
2. 解方程$3.9−2.4 + 6x = 10.5$:
解:
$1.5+6x = 10.5$
$6x=10.5 - 1.5$
$6x = 9$
$x=\frac{9}{6}$
$x = 1.5$
3. 解方程$3.5x + 4.7x = 164$:
解:
$(3.5 + 4.7)x = 164$
$8.2x = 164$
$x=\frac{164}{8.2}$
$x = 20$
4. 解方程$(0.97 + 4.23)x = 1.872$:
解:
$5.2x = 1.872$
$x=\frac{1.872}{5.2}$
$x = 0.36$
5. 解方程$9(x - 1.1)=18.9$:
解:
$x−1.1=\frac{18.9}{9}$
$x−1.1 = 2.1$
$x=2.1 + 1.1$
$x = 3.2$
6. 解方程$6x + 2×2.5 = 41$:
解:
$6x+5 = 41$
$6x=41 - 5$
$6x = 36$
$x=\frac{36}{6}$
$x = 6$
7. 解方程$x-\frac{2}{5}=\frac{3}{10}$:
解:
$x=\frac{3}{10}+\frac{2}{5}$
$x=\frac{3 + 4}{10}$
$x=\frac{7}{10}$
8. 解方程$\frac{1}{12}+x+\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{2}$:
解:
$x=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{12}-\frac{1}{3}$
$x=\frac{6 - 1 - 4}{12}$
$x=\frac{1}{12}$
9. 解方程$x+\frac{2}{7}-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{3}{5}$:
解:
$x=\frac{3}{5}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{7}$
$x=\frac{63 + 35 - 30}{105}$
$x=\frac{68}{105}$
综上,答案依次为$x = 36$;$x = 1.5$;$x = 20$;$x = 0.36$;$x = 3.2$;$x = 6$;$x=\frac{7}{10}$;$x=\frac{1}{12}$;$x=\frac{68}{105}$。
三、计算下面各题,怎样简便就怎样计算。
$15.68÷0.25÷4$ $\frac {5}{12}×\frac {15}{16}×\frac {24}{25}$ $2.16÷[15×(4.53 - 4.35)]$
$27.5×3.7 - 7.5×3.7$ $\frac {11}{8} - (\frac {5}{12} - \frac {1}{4}) + \frac {5}{8}$ $8.49 + (4.64 - 2.14)×0.64$
$13.7×0.5 - 3.7÷2$ $10 - \frac {7}{12} - \frac {5}{12} - \frac {3}{8}$ $16.2 - (66.7÷23 + 5.14)$
$7.5 + 1.43÷1.3 - 2.9$ $\frac {7}{15}×\frac {3}{8}×\frac {5}{21}$ $2.6 + (11.5 - 10.7)÷0.64$
$1.9×[5.2 - (9 - 7.3)]$ $\frac {1}{7} + \frac {7}{12} + \frac {6}{7} + \frac {5}{12}$ $4.9÷[2.6 - (12.78 - 10.88)]$
$15.68÷0.25÷4$ $\frac {5}{12}×\frac {15}{16}×\frac {24}{25}$ $2.16÷[15×(4.53 - 4.35)]$
$27.5×3.7 - 7.5×3.7$ $\frac {11}{8} - (\frac {5}{12} - \frac {1}{4}) + \frac {5}{8}$ $8.49 + (4.64 - 2.14)×0.64$
$13.7×0.5 - 3.7÷2$ $10 - \frac {7}{12} - \frac {5}{12} - \frac {3}{8}$ $16.2 - (66.7÷23 + 5.14)$
$7.5 + 1.43÷1.3 - 2.9$ $\frac {7}{15}×\frac {3}{8}×\frac {5}{21}$ $2.6 + (11.5 - 10.7)÷0.64$
$1.9×[5.2 - (9 - 7.3)]$ $\frac {1}{7} + \frac {7}{12} + \frac {6}{7} + \frac {5}{12}$ $4.9÷[2.6 - (12.78 - 10.88)]$
答案
1. $15.68÷0.25÷4$
解:根据除法的性质$a÷ b÷ c = a÷(b× c)$,则$15.68÷0.25÷4 = 15.68÷(0.25×4)$
先算括号里$0.25×4 = 1$,再算$15.68÷1 = 15.68$。
2. $\frac{5}{12}×\frac{15}{16}×\frac{24}{25}$
解:利用乘法交换律$a× b× c=a× c× b$,则$\frac{5}{12}×\frac{15}{16}×\frac{24}{25}=\frac{5}{12}×\frac{24}{25}×\frac{15}{16}$
$\frac{5}{12}×\frac{24}{25}=\frac{2}{5}$,$\frac{2}{5}×\frac{15}{16}=\frac{3}{8}$。
3. $2.16÷[15×(4.53 - 4.35)]$
解:先算小括号里$4.53 - 4.35 = 0.18$,再算中括号里$15×0.18 = 2.7$,最后算$2.16÷2.7 = 0.8$。
4. $27.5×3.7 - 7.5×3.7$
解:根据乘法分配律$a× c - b× c=(a - b)× c$,则$27.5×3.7 - 7.5×3.7=(27.5 - 7.5)×3.7$
$27.5 - 7.5 = 20$,$20×3.7 = 74$。
5. $\frac{11}{8}-(\frac{5}{12}-\frac{1}{4})+\frac{5}{8}$
解:去括号$\frac{11}{8}-(\frac{5}{12}-\frac{1}{4})+\frac{5}{8}=\frac{11}{8}-\frac{5}{12}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{5}{8}$
利用加法交换律$(\frac{11}{8}+\frac{5}{8})+(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{5}{12})$
$\frac{11}{8}+\frac{5}{8}=2$,$\frac{1}{4}-\frac{5}{12}=\frac{3 - 5}{12}=-\frac{1}{6}$,$2-\frac{1}{6}=1\frac{5}{6}$。
6. $8.49+(4.64 - 2.14)×0.64$
解:先算括号里$4.64 - 2.14 = 2.5$,再算乘法$2.5×0.64 = 1.6$,最后算加法$8.49+1.6 = 10.09$。
7. $13.7×0.5 - 3.7÷2$
解:因为$3.7÷2 = 3.7×0.5$,所以$13.7×0.5 - 3.7÷2=(13.7 - 3.7)×0.5$
$13.7 - 3.7 = 10$,$10×0.5 = 5$。
8. $10-\frac{7}{12}-\frac{5}{12}-\frac{3}{8}$
解:根据减法的性质$a - b - c=a-(b + c)$,则$10-(\frac{7}{12}+\frac{5}{12})-\frac{3}{8}$
$\frac{7}{12}+\frac{5}{12}=1$,$10 - 1-\frac{3}{8}=9-\frac{3}{8}=8\frac{5}{8}$。
9. $16.2-(66.7÷23 + 5.14)$
解:先算括号里$66.7÷23 = 2.9$,$2.9+5.14 = 8.04$,再算$16.2 - 8.04 = 8.16$。
10. $7.5+1.43÷1.3 - 2.9$
解:先算除法$1.43÷1.3 = 1.1$,再算$7.5+1.1 - 2.9 = 8.6 - 2.9 = 5.7$。
11. $\frac{7}{15}×\frac{3}{8}×\frac{5}{21}$
解:利用乘法交换律$\frac{7}{15}×\frac{5}{21}×\frac{3}{8}$
$\frac{7}{15}×\frac{5}{21}=\frac{1}{9}$,$\frac{1}{9}×\frac{3}{8}=\frac{1}{24}$。
12. $2.6+(11.5 - 10.7)÷0.64$
解:先算括号里$11.5 - 10.7 = 0.8$,再算除法$0.8÷0.64 = 1.25$,最后算加法$2.6+1.25 = 3.85$。
13. $1.9×[5.2-(9 - 7.3)]$
解:先算小括号里$9 - 7.3 = 1.7$,再算中括号里$5.2 - 1.7 = 3.5$,最后算$1.9×3.5 = 6.65$。
14. $\frac{1}{7}+\frac{7}{12}+\frac{6}{7}+\frac{5}{12}$
解:利用加法交换律和结合律$(\frac{1}{7}+\frac{6}{7})+(\frac{7}{12}+\frac{5}{12})$
$\frac{1}{7}+\frac{6}{7}=1$,$\frac{7}{12}+\frac{5}{12}=1$,$1 + 1 = 2$。
15. $4.9÷[2.6-(12.78 - 10.88)]$
解:先算小括号里$12.78 - 10.88 = 1.9$,再算中括号里$2.6 - 1.9 = 0.7$,最后算$4.9÷0.7 = 7$。
综上,答案依次为:$15.68$;$\frac{3}{8}$;$0.8$;$74$;$1\frac{5}{6}$;$10.09$;$5$;$8\frac{5}{8}$;$8.16$;$5.7$;$\frac{1}{24}$;$3.85$;$6.65$;$2$;$7$。
解:根据除法的性质$a÷ b÷ c = a÷(b× c)$,则$15.68÷0.25÷4 = 15.68÷(0.25×4)$
先算括号里$0.25×4 = 1$,再算$15.68÷1 = 15.68$。
2. $\frac{5}{12}×\frac{15}{16}×\frac{24}{25}$
解:利用乘法交换律$a× b× c=a× c× b$,则$\frac{5}{12}×\frac{15}{16}×\frac{24}{25}=\frac{5}{12}×\frac{24}{25}×\frac{15}{16}$
$\frac{5}{12}×\frac{24}{25}=\frac{2}{5}$,$\frac{2}{5}×\frac{15}{16}=\frac{3}{8}$。
3. $2.16÷[15×(4.53 - 4.35)]$
解:先算小括号里$4.53 - 4.35 = 0.18$,再算中括号里$15×0.18 = 2.7$,最后算$2.16÷2.7 = 0.8$。
4. $27.5×3.7 - 7.5×3.7$
解:根据乘法分配律$a× c - b× c=(a - b)× c$,则$27.5×3.7 - 7.5×3.7=(27.5 - 7.5)×3.7$
$27.5 - 7.5 = 20$,$20×3.7 = 74$。
5. $\frac{11}{8}-(\frac{5}{12}-\frac{1}{4})+\frac{5}{8}$
解:去括号$\frac{11}{8}-(\frac{5}{12}-\frac{1}{4})+\frac{5}{8}=\frac{11}{8}-\frac{5}{12}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{5}{8}$
利用加法交换律$(\frac{11}{8}+\frac{5}{8})+(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{5}{12})$
$\frac{11}{8}+\frac{5}{8}=2$,$\frac{1}{4}-\frac{5}{12}=\frac{3 - 5}{12}=-\frac{1}{6}$,$2-\frac{1}{6}=1\frac{5}{6}$。
6. $8.49+(4.64 - 2.14)×0.64$
解:先算括号里$4.64 - 2.14 = 2.5$,再算乘法$2.5×0.64 = 1.6$,最后算加法$8.49+1.6 = 10.09$。
7. $13.7×0.5 - 3.7÷2$
解:因为$3.7÷2 = 3.7×0.5$,所以$13.7×0.5 - 3.7÷2=(13.7 - 3.7)×0.5$
$13.7 - 3.7 = 10$,$10×0.5 = 5$。
8. $10-\frac{7}{12}-\frac{5}{12}-\frac{3}{8}$
解:根据减法的性质$a - b - c=a-(b + c)$,则$10-(\frac{7}{12}+\frac{5}{12})-\frac{3}{8}$
$\frac{7}{12}+\frac{5}{12}=1$,$10 - 1-\frac{3}{8}=9-\frac{3}{8}=8\frac{5}{8}$。
9. $16.2-(66.7÷23 + 5.14)$
解:先算括号里$66.7÷23 = 2.9$,$2.9+5.14 = 8.04$,再算$16.2 - 8.04 = 8.16$。
10. $7.5+1.43÷1.3 - 2.9$
解:先算除法$1.43÷1.3 = 1.1$,再算$7.5+1.1 - 2.9 = 8.6 - 2.9 = 5.7$。
11. $\frac{7}{15}×\frac{3}{8}×\frac{5}{21}$
解:利用乘法交换律$\frac{7}{15}×\frac{5}{21}×\frac{3}{8}$
$\frac{7}{15}×\frac{5}{21}=\frac{1}{9}$,$\frac{1}{9}×\frac{3}{8}=\frac{1}{24}$。
12. $2.6+(11.5 - 10.7)÷0.64$
解:先算括号里$11.5 - 10.7 = 0.8$,再算除法$0.8÷0.64 = 1.25$,最后算加法$2.6+1.25 = 3.85$。
13. $1.9×[5.2-(9 - 7.3)]$
解:先算小括号里$9 - 7.3 = 1.7$,再算中括号里$5.2 - 1.7 = 3.5$,最后算$1.9×3.5 = 6.65$。
14. $\frac{1}{7}+\frac{7}{12}+\frac{6}{7}+\frac{5}{12}$
解:利用加法交换律和结合律$(\frac{1}{7}+\frac{6}{7})+(\frac{7}{12}+\frac{5}{12})$
$\frac{1}{7}+\frac{6}{7}=1$,$\frac{7}{12}+\frac{5}{12}=1$,$1 + 1 = 2$。
15. $4.9÷[2.6-(12.78 - 10.88)]$
解:先算小括号里$12.78 - 10.88 = 1.9$,再算中括号里$2.6 - 1.9 = 0.7$,最后算$4.9÷0.7 = 7$。
综上,答案依次为:$15.68$;$\frac{3}{8}$;$0.8$;$74$;$1\frac{5}{6}$;$10.09$;$5$;$8\frac{5}{8}$;$8.16$;$5.7$;$\frac{1}{24}$;$3.85$;$6.65$;$2$;$7$。
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