四、核心素养 中华优秀传统文化 根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
主题群:历史、社会与文化 子主题:节假日与庆祝活动 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
The Mid-Autumn Festival is also called the Moon Festival. Chinese people 1. c it on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month(农历月) in autumn. On that day, the 2. m is full and bright. The festival has a 3. h of more than 1,000 years.
For Chinese people, the Mid-Autumn Festival has a 4. s meaning. The round moon stands for the family reunion. For those far 5. a from home, the moon makes them think of their family. On that day, people all look at the 6. s full moon in different places. The festival is not just about the family reunion, but also 7. a the joy of harvesting(收获).
There are lots of 8. a for people to do at this time of year. 9. W the day comes, family members get together. They get ready for a big 10. d, enjoy mooncakes, and watch interesting shows. They always have great fun during the festival.

1. celebrate 2. moon 3. history 4. special 5. away 6. same 7. about 8. activities 9. When 10. dinner

【分析】
这是一道结合中华优秀传统文化（中秋节）的英语语境填词题，解题思路为：1. 通读全文，明确短文主题是介绍中秋节的相关内容；2. 结合每个空格前后的语境、首字母提示，以及词汇的固定搭配和常用表达，推断出正确单词；3. 填完后通读检查，确保语句通顺、符合逻辑。
【解析】
1. 空格处需填动词，结合语境“中国人在农历八月十五庆祝中秋节”，首字母为c，故填celebrate；
2. 空格处需填名词，结合“又圆又亮”的描述，首字母为m，故填moon；
3. 空格处需填名词，结合“超过1000年”的表述，首字母为h，故填history；
4. 空格处需填形容词，结合“意义”的搭配，首字母为s，故填special；
5. 固定搭配far away from（远离），首字母为a，故填away；
6. 空格处需填形容词，结合“各地的人看同一个满月”的语境，首字母为s，故填same；
7. 固定搭配not just...but also about...（不仅是…也是关于…），首字母为a，故填about；
8. 空格处需填名词复数，结合“有很多可做的事”的语境，首字母为a，故填activities；
9. 空格处需填连词，结合“当这一天到来时”的逻辑，首字母为W，故填When；
10. 空格处需填名词，结合“准备一顿大餐”的语境，首字母为d，故填dinner；
【答案】
1. celebrate 2. moon 3. history 4. special 5. away 6. same 7. about 8. activities 9. When 10. dinner
【知识点】
英语语境填词、节日文化词汇、固定搭配运用
【点评】
本题以中秋节为主题，融合中华优秀传统文化，考查学生的语境理解能力与常用词汇掌握，难度适中，既巩固词汇知识，又传递了传统文化内涵。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、核心素养 中华优秀传统文化 阅读理解。
主题群:历史、社会与文化 子主题:文化习俗 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
The dragon(龙）is a great animal in Chinese culture. It brings wind and rain. It is said that every year on the second day of the second lunar month, the dragon wakes up from its winter sleep and raises its head. Because of this, the day is called “Dragon Head-raising Day(Longtaitou)”.
Old people believed that after Longtaitou, there would be more rain. And rain is very important for farming. So Longtaitou is the start of spring and farming.
People have many ways to celebrate it. The most popular one is to have a haircut. Many people believe a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to their uncles—mainly their mother's brothers. They hope getting a haircut on Longtaitou keeps them away from bad luck.
Among Chinese people's festival traditions, there is always a place for food. On Longtaitou, people eat food named after the dragon. Noodles are called the dragon's beard(longxu). Dumplings are the dragon's ears(long'er). And spring rolls(春卷）are the dragon's scales(longlin).
People also have activities like dragon dances on the day. In some places, people make dragon lanterns too. Small reed(芦苇）boats go down the rivers and carry the lanterns, which stand for people's best wishes and good luck.
1. Some old people believed the dragon would bring to farming.
A. wind B. rain C. snow D. sunshine
2. Why do many people have a haircut on this day?
A. Because they hope to keep healthy.
B. Because they want to bring more rain.
C. Because they hope to make much money.
D. Because they hope to keep away from bad luck.
3.（创新考法·篇章结构）Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
A. ①/②③/④⑤ B. ①②/③④⑤ C. ①②/③④/⑤ D. ①/②③④/⑤

1. B 细节理解题。根据“Old people believed that after Longtaitou, there would be more rain. And rain is very important for farming.”可知，一些老人认为龙能带来雨水。
2. D 细节理解题。根据“They hope getting a haircut on Longtaitou keeps them away from bad luck.”可知，人们在“龙抬头”这一天剪发是希望远离厄运。
3. B 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，①②段介绍龙抬头这个节日及其意义；③④⑤段介绍人们如何庆祝龙抬头这个节日。

【分析】
本题为结合中华传统文化的英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解题和篇章结构题。解题思路如下：
1. 第1题是细节理解题，需定位原文中关于龙对农业作用的描述，提取对应信息作答；
2. 第2题是细节理解题，定位原文中人们在龙抬头剪发的原因，直接提取关键信息即可；
3. 第3题是篇章结构题，需通读全文概括各部分核心内容，再划分文章结构，对比选项选出正确结构。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第二段“Old people believed that after Longtaitou, there would be more rain. And rain is very important for farming.”可知，老人认为龙能带来雨水，雨水对农业至关重要，故选B。
2. 第2题：根据原文第三段“They hope getting a haircut on Longtaitou keeps them away from bad luck.”可知，人们在龙抬头剪发是希望远离厄运，故选D。
3. 第3题：通读全文，第①②段介绍龙抬头节日的由来及意义；第③④⑤段介绍人们庆祝龙抬头的方式，因此文章结构为①②/③④⑤，故选B。
【答案】
1. B
2. D
3. B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解，细节理解题，篇章结构题
【点评】
本题结合中华优秀传统文化（龙抬头）命题，考查学生的英语阅读细节查找能力和篇章结构分析能力，题目难度适中，需要学生仔细阅读原文，精准定位关键信息，理清段落逻辑关系。
【难度系数】
0.6