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Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Zhang Qian,a famous explorer and diplomat(外交家) in the Western Han Dynasty and the pioneer of the Silk Road,is an 1.
However,he never 5.
Zhang Qian has made such 9.
阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Zhang Qian,a famous explorer and diplomat(外交家) in the Western Han Dynasty and the pioneer of the Silk Road,is an 1.
inspiring
(inspire) figure in Chinese history. We can learn a lot from his story. It was brave 2. of
him to take on the dangerous journey to the Western Regions. At that time,it seemed 3. impossible
(possible) for him to complete the task because of the harsh environment 4. and
unknown challenges.However,he never 5.
gave
(give) up even when he was caught by the enemy. He always kept his goal 6. in
mind and waited for the right chance to escape. After years of hard work,he 7. finally
(final) ran away and succeeded in finding the Yuezhi people. Later,he brought back valuable information and helped build 8. relationships
(relationship) between different regions.Zhang Qian has made such 9.
a
big contribution to our nation. It is important 10. to carry
(carry) forward his spirit and keep moving for a better future.答案
1. inspiring
2. of
3. impossible
4. and
5. gave
6. in
7. finally
8. relationships
9. a
10. to carry
2. of
3. impossible
4. and
5. gave
6. in
7. finally
8. relationships
9. a
10. to carry
解析
【分析】
本题为语法填空，需结合语境、词性、固定搭配、时态等知识逐个解题：1处修饰名词需用形容词；2处涉及描述人品质的固定句型；3处根据语境判断反义词；4处连接并列成分用连词；5处需用一般过去时；6处为固定短语；7处修饰动词用副词；8处可数名词复数；9处固定搭配；10处不定式作真正主语。
【解析】
1. 修饰名词figure，需用形容词，inspire的形容词形式为inspiring，意为“令人鼓舞的”，符合语境。
2. 固定句型It is + adj + of sb to do sth用于描述人的品质，此处brave形容张骞的品质，故填of。
3. 根据语境“恶劣的环境”，完成任务是“不可能的”，possible的反义词为impossible。
4. 连接并列的名词短语harsh environment和unknown challenges，需用并列连词and。
5. 讲述西汉张骞的事迹，用一般过去时，give的过去式为gave。
6. 固定短语keep sth in mind意为“记住某事”，故填in。
7. 修饰动词短语ran away，需用副词，final的副词形式为finally，意为“最终”。
8. relationship为可数名词，此处指不同地区间的多种关系，需用复数形式relationships。
9. 固定搭配make a contribution意为“做贡献”，故填不定冠词a。
10. 固定句型It is + adj + to do sth中，it为形式主语，真正主语是不定式，故填to carry。
【答案】
1. inspiring
2. of
3. impossible
4. and
5. gave
6. in
7. finally
8. relationships
9. a
10. to carry
【知识点】
形容词的用法、一般过去时、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查英语语法填空的基础考点，涵盖形容词、时态、固定句型等，需学生掌握常见语法规则和固定搭配，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为语法填空，需结合语境、词性、固定搭配、时态等知识逐个解题：1处修饰名词需用形容词；2处涉及描述人品质的固定句型；3处根据语境判断反义词；4处连接并列成分用连词；5处需用一般过去时；6处为固定短语；7处修饰动词用副词；8处可数名词复数；9处固定搭配；10处不定式作真正主语。
【解析】
1. 修饰名词figure，需用形容词，inspire的形容词形式为inspiring，意为“令人鼓舞的”，符合语境。
2. 固定句型It is + adj + of sb to do sth用于描述人的品质，此处brave形容张骞的品质，故填of。
3. 根据语境“恶劣的环境”，完成任务是“不可能的”，possible的反义词为impossible。
4. 连接并列的名词短语harsh environment和unknown challenges，需用并列连词and。
5. 讲述西汉张骞的事迹，用一般过去时，give的过去式为gave。
6. 固定短语keep sth in mind意为“记住某事”，故填in。
7. 修饰动词短语ran away，需用副词，final的副词形式为finally，意为“最终”。
8. relationship为可数名词，此处指不同地区间的多种关系，需用复数形式relationships。
9. 固定搭配make a contribution意为“做贡献”，故填不定冠词a。
10. 固定句型It is + adj + to do sth中，it为形式主语，真正主语是不定式，故填to carry。
【答案】
1. inspiring
2. of
3. impossible
4. and
5. gave
6. in
7. finally
8. relationships
9. a
10. to carry
【知识点】
形容词的用法、一般过去时、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查英语语法填空的基础考点，涵盖形容词、时态、固定句型等，需学生掌握常见语法规则和固定搭配，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
①You may think rules are made to prevent you from having fun, but what if we had no rules? Can you imagine the world without rules? Well, let's see what it would be like to live in a new world without rules.
A Strange Morning
②When your alarm clock goes off, you have no reason to hurry. Without rules, you don't have to go to school. You can even eat cookies for breakfast! In this new world, you will not have to brush your teeth. Of course, you may have a
toothache the next time you see the dentist.
A Community Out of Control
③You love your new freedom to do whatever you want. Because there's no school, you step outside and decide to go to the playground. There are also no more traffic laws, so there is no safe way to cross the street. Cars speed by carelessly. Without crossing guards, there is no one to help you cross the street safely. At the playground, trash is everywhere and nobody takes care of the playground.
Back to Reality
④Luckily, this kind of world is not real. We do have laws to protect us. Community workers such as police officers, keep order in neighbourhoods. Government groups make sure the air and water are clean and free from pollution. Our government has laws designed to keep us safe and ensure that everyone is treated fairly. Without them, the world would be a different place.
(
A. By comparing facts.
B. By showing opinions.
C. By asking questions.
D. By making predictions.
(
A. Safe and relaxing.
B. Clean and interesting.
C. Peaceful but dirty.
D. Free but dangerous.
(
A. laws
B. orders
C. officers
D. groups
(
A. Once a rule, always a rule.
B. Rules can be changed as you wish.
C. The world will be in order with rules.
D. The only way to be free is to have no rules.
①You may think rules are made to prevent you from having fun, but what if we had no rules? Can you imagine the world without rules? Well, let's see what it would be like to live in a new world without rules.
A Strange Morning
②When your alarm clock goes off, you have no reason to hurry. Without rules, you don't have to go to school. You can even eat cookies for breakfast! In this new world, you will not have to brush your teeth. Of course, you may have a
toothache the next time you see the dentist.
A Community Out of Control
③You love your new freedom to do whatever you want. Because there's no school, you step outside and decide to go to the playground. There are also no more traffic laws, so there is no safe way to cross the street. Cars speed by carelessly. Without crossing guards, there is no one to help you cross the street safely. At the playground, trash is everywhere and nobody takes care of the playground.
Back to Reality
④Luckily, this kind of world is not real. We do have laws to protect us. Community workers such as police officers, keep order in neighbourhoods. Government groups make sure the air and water are clean and free from pollution. Our government has laws designed to keep us safe and ensure that everyone is treated fairly. Without them, the world would be a different place.
(
C
)1. How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 1?A. By comparing facts.
B. By showing opinions.
C. By asking questions.
D. By making predictions.
(
D
)2. What is the new world like according to Paragraph 2 and 3?A. Safe and relaxing.
B. Clean and interesting.
C. Peaceful but dirty.
D. Free but dangerous.
(
A
)3. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 4 refers to "A
".A. laws
B. orders
C. officers
D. groups
(
C
)4. Which of the following shows the message(启示) of the passage?A. Once a rule, always a rule.
B. Rules can be changed as you wish.
C. The world will be in order with rules.
D. The only way to be free is to have no rules.
答案
1. C
2. D
3. A
4. C
2. D
3. A
4. C
解析
【分析】
首先看第1题，定位第一段，作者通过提出两个问题（what if we had no rules? Can you imagine the world without rules?）引出话题，属于提问方式，对应选项C；第2题，定位第2、3段，第2段描述无规则世界里“不用上学、可随意吃早餐”体现自由，第3段提到“无交通法、过马路危险、操场垃圾遍地”体现危险，因此是自由但危险，选D；第3题，定位第四段，前文反复提到“laws”的作用，最后一句“Without them”中them指代前文的laws，选A；第4题，文章通过假设无规则世界的混乱，说明规则能保障安全和秩序，对应选项C。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段内容，作者用两个问句引出话题，属于提问方式，故选C。
2. 细节理解题：第2段体现无规则世界的“自由”，第3段体现“危险”，因此是自由但危险，故选D。
3. 代词指代题：第四段前文提到政府制定的“laws”是保障安全的，因此“them”指代laws，故选A。
4. 主旨大意题：文章通过描述无规则世界的混乱，强调规则对维持秩序的重要性，对应选项C。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.A 4.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、代词指代题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题是一篇关于规则重要性的英语阅读理解题，通过假设无规则的世界场景，考查学生对文章细节、代词指代及主旨的理解，题型常规，难度适中，需要学生准确定位原文信息。
【难度系数】
0.6
首先看第1题，定位第一段，作者通过提出两个问题（what if we had no rules? Can you imagine the world without rules?）引出话题，属于提问方式，对应选项C；第2题，定位第2、3段，第2段描述无规则世界里“不用上学、可随意吃早餐”体现自由，第3段提到“无交通法、过马路危险、操场垃圾遍地”体现危险，因此是自由但危险，选D；第3题，定位第四段，前文反复提到“laws”的作用，最后一句“Without them”中them指代前文的laws，选A；第4题，文章通过假设无规则世界的混乱，说明规则能保障安全和秩序，对应选项C。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段内容，作者用两个问句引出话题，属于提问方式，故选C。
2. 细节理解题：第2段体现无规则世界的“自由”，第3段体现“危险”，因此是自由但危险，故选D。
3. 代词指代题：第四段前文提到政府制定的“laws”是保障安全的，因此“them”指代laws，故选A。
4. 主旨大意题：文章通过描述无规则世界的混乱，强调规则对维持秩序的重要性，对应选项C。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.A 4.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、代词指代题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题是一篇关于规则重要性的英语阅读理解题，通过假设无规则的世界场景，考查学生对文章细节、代词指代及主旨的理解，题型常规，难度适中，需要学生准确定位原文信息。
【难度系数】
0.6
